Edits to group theory handout

This commit is contained in:
2023-01-19 20:37:46 -08:00
parent 7bad77dcd9
commit e506eb926d
4 changed files with 137 additions and 117 deletions

View File

@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
\section{Isomorphism}
\section{Isomorphisms}
\definition{}
We say two groups are \textit{isomorphic} if we can create a bijective mapping between them.
We say two groups are \textit{isomorphic} if we can create a bijective mapping between them while preserving multiplication structure. This mapping is called an \textit{isomorphism}.\\
\vspace{2mm}
This means that if groups $A$ and $B$ are isomorphic under $f$, \\
$a_1 \ast a_2 = a_3$ in A implies that $f(a_1) \ast f(a_2) = f(a_3)$ in B.
\problem{}
Recall your tables from \ref{modtables}: \\
@ -18,39 +23,46 @@ Recall your tables from \ref{modtables}: \\
\begin{tabular}{c | c c c c}
\times & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\
\hline
1 & 1 & 2 & 4 & 3 \\
2 & 2 & 4 & 3 & 1 \\
3 & 4 & 3 & 1 & 2 \\
4 & 3 & 1 & 2 & 4 \\
1 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\
2 & 2 & 4 & 1 & 3 \\
3 & 3 & 1 & 4 & 2 \\
4 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 1 \\
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
Are $(\mathbb{Z}/4, +)$ and $( (\mathbb{Z}/5)^\times, \times)$ isomorphic? If they are, find a bijection that maps one to the other.
Are $(\mathbb{Z}_4, +)$ and $(\mathbb{Z}_5^\times, \times)$ isomorphic? If they are, find a bijection that maps one to the other.
\vfill
\problem{}
Let groups $A$ and $B$ be isomorphic, and let $f: A \to B$ be a bijection. Show that $f(e_A) = e_B$, where $e_A$ and $e_B$ are the identities of $A$ and $B$.
Let groups $A$ and $B$ be isomorphic under $f$. Show that $f(e_A) = e_B$, where $e_A$ and $e_B$ are the identities of $A$ and $B$.
\vfill
\problem{}
Let groups $A$ and $B$ be isomorphic, and let $f: A \to B$ be a bijection. \\
Let groups $A$ and $B$ be isomorphic under $f$. \\
Show that $f(a^{-1}) = f(a)^{-1}$ for all $a \in A$.
\vfill
\problem{}
Let groups $A$ and $B$ be isomorphic, and let $f: A \to B$. Show that $f(a)$ and $a$ have the same order.
Let groups $A$ and $B$ be isomorphic under $f$. Show that $f(a)$ and $a$ have the same order.
\vfill
\pagebreak
\problem{}
\problem{}<howmanygroups>
Find all distinct groups of two elements. \\
Find all distinct groups of three elements. \\
Groups that are isomorphic are not distinct.
\begin{solution}
There is only one nonisomorphic two-element group. \\
The same is true of a three-element group. \\
See \texttt{https://oeis.org/A000001}, titled \say{Number of groups of order n}
\end{solution}
\vfill
\problem{}
Show that the groups $(\mathbb{R}, +)$ and $(\mathbb{Z}^+, \times)$ are isomorphic.
Show that the groups $(\mathbb{R}, +)$ and $(\mathbb{R}^+, \times)$ are isomorphic.
\vfill
\pagebreak