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@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ Some product states can be factored into a tensor product of individual qubit st
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\begin{equation*}
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\frac{1}{2} \bigl(\ket{00} + \ket{01} + \ket{10} + \ket{11}\bigr)
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= \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\bigl( \ket{0} + \ket{1} \bigr) \otimes
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\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\bigl( \ket{0} - \ket{1} \bigr)
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\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\bigl( \ket{0} + \ket{1} \bigr)
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\end{equation*}
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Such states are called \textit{product states.} States that aren't product states are called \textit{entangled} states.
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@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ The \texttt{and} gate is a map $\mathbb{B}^2 \to \mathbb{B}$ defined by the foll
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\end{center}
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Find a matrix $A$ so that $A\ket{\texttt{ab}}$ works as expected. \par
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\hint{Remember, we write bits as vectors.}
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\begin{solution}
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@ -23,12 +23,6 @@ This implies the following: \par
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(You will prove all these properties in any introductory linear algebra course. \\
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This isn't a lesson on linear algebra, so you may take them as given today.)
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\definition{}
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Let $\mathbb{U} \subset \mathbb{R}^2$ be the set of points in the unit circle. \par
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We can restate the above definition as follows: \par
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A quantum gate is an invertible map from $\mathbb{U}^n$ to $\mathbb{U}^n$.
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\generic{Remark:}
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Let $G$ be a quantum gate. \par
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Since quantum gates are, by definition, \textit{linear} maps,
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@ -219,16 +213,5 @@ Using this result, find $H^{-1}$.
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What geometric transformation does $H$ apply to the unit circle? \par
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\hint{Rotation or reflection? How much, or about which axis?}
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\vfill
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\problem{}
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What are $H\ket{0}$ and $H\ket{1}$? \par
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Are these states entangled?
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\begin{solution}
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$H\ket{0} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\bigl(\ket{0} + \ket{1}\bigr)$ and $H\ket{1} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\bigl(\ket{0} - \ket{1}\bigr)$ \par
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Both of these are entangled states.
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\end{solution}
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\vfill
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\pagebreak
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