minor rename

TODO.md

@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 - Reverse engines + flares
 - Turn flares (physics by location?)
 - Angled engines & guns
+- Fix effect interaction with sprite sections
+- Clean up starfieldsprite
 
 ## Misc fixes & Optimizations
 - 🌟 Better errors when content/asset dirs don't exist

content/config.toml

@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ starfield.max_size = 1.8
 # Z-axis (parallax) range for starfield stars
 starfield.min_dist = 75.0
 starfield.max_dist = 200.0
-# Name of starfield sprite
+# Path to starfield sprite texture
-starfield.sprite = "starfield"
+starfield.texture = "starfield.png"
 
 
 # Zoom level bounds.

content/sprite.toml

@@ -1,17 +1,41 @@
 # TODO:
 # random start frame
-# repeat once: stay on last frame
 # blending mode: alpha / half-alpha / additive
 
-
-[sprite."starfield"]
-file = "starfield.png"
-
 [sprite."star::star"]
 file = "star/B-09.png"
 
 [sprite."flare::ion"]
-file = "flare/1.png"
+start_at = "rise:top"
+random_start_frame = false
+
+section.idle.timing.duration = 5
+#section.idle.repeat = "reverse"
+section.idle.frames = ["flare/1.png", "flare/4.png", "flare/5.png"]
+section.idle.top = "reverse"
+section.idle.bot = "reverse"
+# stop: stop on last frame (special)
+# restart: go to opposite end (same as self:tail)
+# repeat: reverse and play again
+# TODO: implement random
+# spec: "idle:bot", "idle:top", or "idle:random"
+
+section.rise.timing.duration = 0.15
+section.rise.top = "stop"
+section.rise.bot = "run:top"
+section.rise.frames = [
+	"flare/6.png",
+	"flare/5.png",
+	"flare/4.png",
+	"flare/3.png",
+	"flare/2.png",
+]
+
+section.run.timing.duration = 0.01
+section.run.top = "stop"
+section.run.bot = "stop"
+section.run.frames = ["flare/1.png"]
+
 
 [sprite."planet::earth"]
 file = "planet/earth.png"
@@ -27,8 +51,8 @@ file = "ship/gypsum.png"
 
 [sprite."ship::peregrine"]
 timing.duration = 2
-repeat = "reverse"
+top = "reverse"
-random_start_frame = true
+bot = "reverse"
 frames = [
 	"ship/peregrine/01.png",
 	"ship/peregrine/02.png",
@@ -70,10 +94,22 @@ file = "ui/landscape/test.png"
 [sprite."ui::landscapemask"]
 file = "ui/landscape-mask.png"
 
+[sprite."ui::planet::button"]
+start_at = "off:top"
+random_start_frame = false
+
+section.off.top = "stop"
+section.off.bot = "stop"
+section.off.timing.fps = 60
+section.off.frames = ["ui/planet-button-off.png"]
+
+section.on.top = "stop"
+section.on.bot = "stop"
+section.on.timing.fps = 60
+section.on.frames = ["ui/planet-button-on.png"]
 
 [sprite."particle::blaster"]
 timing.duration = 0.15
-repeat = "once"
 frames = [
 	"particle/blaster/01.png",
 	"particle/blaster/02.png",
@@ -84,7 +120,6 @@ frames = [
 
 [sprite."particle::explosion::tiny"]
 timing.fps = 15
-repeat = "once"
 frames = [
 	"particle/explosion-tiny/01.png",
 	"particle/explosion-tiny/02.png",
@@ -96,7 +131,6 @@ frames = [
 
 [sprite."particle::explosion::small"]
 timing.fps = 15
-repeat = "once"
 frames = [
 	"particle/explosion-small/01.png",
 	"particle/explosion-small/02.png",
@@ -109,7 +143,6 @@ frames = [
 
 [sprite."particle::explosion::medium"]
 timing.fps = 15
-repeat = "once"
 frames = [
 	"particle/explosion-medium/01.png",
 	"particle/explosion-medium/02.png",
@@ -124,7 +157,6 @@ frames = [
 
 [sprite."particle::explosion::large"]
 timing.fps = 15
-repeat = "once"
 frames = [
 	"particle/explosion-large/01.png",
 	"particle/explosion-large/02.png",
@@ -139,7 +171,6 @@ frames = [
 
 [sprite."particle::explosion::huge"]
 timing.fps = 15
-repeat = "once"
 frames = [
 	"particle/explosion-huge/01.png",
 	"particle/explosion-huge/02.png",
@@ -156,9 +187,8 @@ frames = [
 
 [sprite."particle::spark::blue"]
 timing.duration = 0.3
-#timing.rng = 0.2 # each frame will be independently sped up/slowed by this factor
+top = "reverse"
-#timing.uniform_rng = 0.2 # one factor for all frames
+bot = "reverse"
-repeat = "reverse"
 frames = [
 	"particle/spark-blue/01.png",
 	"particle/spark-blue/02.png",
@@ -170,7 +200,6 @@ frames = [
 [sprite."particle::spark::yellow"]
 timing.duration = 0.3
 timing.rng = 0.2
-repeat = "once"
 frames = [
 	"particle/spark-yellow/01.png",
 	"particle/spark-yellow/02.png",
@@ -182,7 +211,6 @@ frames = [
 [sprite."particle::spark::red"]
 timing.duration = 0.3
 timing.rng = 0.2
-repeat = "once"
 frames = [
 	"particle/spark-red/01.png",
 	"particle/spark-red/02.png",

crates/content/src/animautomaton.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+use crate::{AnimSectionHandle, Content, SectionEdge, SpriteHandle, StartEdge};
+
+/// A single frame's state
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct AnimationState {
+	/// The index of the texture we're fading from
+	pub texture_a: u32,
+
+	/// The index of the texture we're fading to
+	pub texture_b: u32,
+
+	/// Between 0.0 and 1.0, denoting how far we are between
+	/// texture_a and texture_b
+	/// 0.0 means fully show texture_a;
+	/// 1.0 means fully show texture_b.
+	pub fade: f32,
+}
+
+impl AnimationState {
+	/// Convenience method.
+	/// Get texture index as an array
+	pub fn texture_index(&self) -> [u32; 2] {
+		[self.texture_a, self.texture_b]
+	}
+}
+
+/// What direction are we playing our animation in?
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+enum AnimDirection {
+	/// Top to bottom, with increasing frame indices
+	/// (normal)
+	Up,
+
+	/// Bottom to top, with decreasing frame indices
+	/// (reverse)
+	Down,
+
+	/// Stopped, no animation
+	Stop,
+}
+
+/// Manages a single sprite's animation state.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct AnimAutomaton {
+	/// The sprite we're animating
+	sprite: SpriteHandle,
+
+	/// Which animation section we're on
+	/// This MUST be a section from this Automaton's sprite
+	current_section: AnimSectionHandle,
+
+	/// Which frame we're on
+	current_frame: usize,
+
+	/// Where we are between frames.
+	/// Always between zero and one.
+	current_fade: f32,
+
+	/// In what direction are we playing the current section?
+	current_direction: AnimDirection,
+
+	/// The texture we're fading from
+	/// (if we're moving downwards)
+	last_texture: u32,
+
+	/// The texture we're fading to
+	/// (if we're moving downwards)
+	next_texture: u32,
+}
+
+impl AnimAutomaton {
+	/// Create a new AnimAutomaton
+	pub fn new(ct: &Content, sprite_handle: SpriteHandle) -> Self {
+		let sprite = ct.get_sprite(sprite_handle);
+
+		let (current_section, texture, current_direction) = match sprite.start_at {
+			StartEdge::Top { section } => (
+				section,
+				*sprite.get_section(section).frames.first().unwrap(),
+				AnimDirection::Down,
+			),
+			StartEdge::Bot { section } => (
+				section,
+				*sprite.get_section(section).frames.last().unwrap(),
+				AnimDirection::Up,
+			),
+		};
+
+		Self {
+			sprite: sprite.handle,
+			current_frame: 0,
+			current_fade: 0.0,
+
+			current_direction,
+			current_section,
+			last_texture: texture,
+			next_texture: texture,
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Reset this animation
+	pub fn reset(&mut self, ct: &Content) {
+		*self = Self::new(ct, self.sprite);
+	}
+
+	/// Reverse this animation's direction
+	pub fn reverse(&mut self) {
+		match self.current_direction {
+			AnimDirection::Stop => {}
+			AnimDirection::Up => {
+				self.current_direction = AnimDirection::Down;
+			}
+			AnimDirection::Down => {
+				self.current_direction = AnimDirection::Up;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Step this animation by `t` seconds
+	pub fn step(&mut self, ct: &Content, t: f32) {
+		let sprite = ct.get_sprite(self.sprite);
+		let current_section = sprite.get_section(self.current_section);
+
+		// Current_fade and current_frame keep track of where we are in the current section.
+		// current_frame indexes this section frames. When it exceeds the number of frames
+		// or falls below zero (when moving in reverse), we switch to the next section.
+		//
+		// current_fade keeps track of our state between frames. It is zero once a frame starts,
+		// and we switch to the next frame when it hits 1.0. If we are stepping foward, it increases,
+		// and if we are stepping backwards, it decreases.
+
+		// If this is zero, this section isn't animated.
+		if current_section.frame_duration == 0.0 {
+			return;
+		}
+
+		match self.current_direction {
+			AnimDirection::Down => self.current_fade += t / current_section.frame_duration,
+			AnimDirection::Up => self.current_fade -= t / current_section.frame_duration,
+			AnimDirection::Stop => {}
+		}
+
+		// We're stepping foward and finished this frame
+		// (implies we're travelling downwards)
+		if self.current_fade > 1.0 {
+			while self.current_fade > 1.0 {
+				self.current_fade -= 1.0;
+			}
+
+			if self.current_frame < current_section.frames.len() - 1 {
+				self.current_frame += 1;
+			} else {
+				match current_section.edge_bot {
+					SectionEdge::Stop => {
+						self.current_fade = 0.0;
+						self.current_frame = current_section.frames.len() - 1;
+						self.current_direction = AnimDirection::Stop;
+					}
+					SectionEdge::Top { section } => {
+						self.current_section = section;
+						self.current_frame = 0;
+					}
+					SectionEdge::Bot { section } => {
+						let s = sprite.get_section(section);
+						self.current_section = section;
+						self.current_frame = s.frames.len() - 1;
+						self.reverse();
+					}
+					SectionEdge::Restart => {
+						self.current_frame = 0;
+					}
+					SectionEdge::Reverse => {
+						// Jump to SECOND frame, since we've already shown the
+						// first during the fade transition
+						self.current_frame = current_section.frames.len() - 1;
+						self.reverse()
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			let current_section = sprite.get_section(self.current_section);
+			self.last_texture = self.next_texture;
+			self.next_texture = current_section.frames[self.current_frame];
+		}
+
+		// We're stepping backward and finished this frame
+		// (implies we're travelling upwards)
+		if self.current_fade < 0.0 {
+			while self.current_fade < 0.0 {
+				self.current_fade += 1.0;
+			}
+
+			if self.current_frame > 0 {
+				self.current_frame -= 1;
+			} else {
+				match current_section.edge_top {
+					SectionEdge::Stop => {
+						self.current_fade = 0.0;
+						self.current_frame = 0;
+						self.current_direction = AnimDirection::Stop;
+					}
+					SectionEdge::Top { section } => {
+						self.current_section = section;
+						self.current_frame = 0;
+						self.reverse();
+					}
+					SectionEdge::Bot { section } => {
+						let s = sprite.get_section(section);
+						self.current_section = section;
+						self.current_frame = s.frames.len() - 1;
+					}
+					SectionEdge::Reverse => {
+						self.current_frame = 0;
+						self.reverse();
+					}
+					SectionEdge::Restart => {
+						self.current_frame = current_section.frames.len() - 1;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			let current_section = sprite.get_section(self.current_section);
+			self.next_texture = self.last_texture;
+			self.last_texture = current_section.frames[self.current_frame];
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Get the current frame of this animation
+	pub fn get_texture_idx(&self) -> AnimationState {
+		return AnimationState {
+			texture_a: self.last_texture,
+			texture_b: self.next_texture,
+			fade: self.current_fade,
+		};
+	}
+}

crates/content/src/handle.rs

@@ -16,14 +16,6 @@ pub struct SpriteHandle {
 	pub aspect: f32,
 }
 
-impl SpriteHandle {
-	/// The index of this sprite in content's sprite array.
-	/// Render uses this to build its buffers.
-	pub fn get_index(&self) -> u32 {
-		self.index as u32
-	}
-}
-
 impl Hash for SpriteHandle {
 	fn hash<H: std::hash::Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
 		self.index.hash(state)

crates/content/src/lib.rs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 //! This subcrate is responsible for loading, parsing, validating game content,
 //! which is usually stored in `./content`.
 
+mod animautomaton;
 mod handle;
 mod part;
 mod util;
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ use std::{
 use toml;
 use walkdir::WalkDir;
 
+pub use animautomaton::*;
 pub use handle::*;
 pub use part::*;
 
@@ -139,8 +141,6 @@ pub struct Content {
 	/// Map strings to texture names.
 	/// This is only necessary because we need to hard-code a few texture names for UI elements.
 	sprite_index: HashMap<String, SpriteHandle>,
-	/// The texture to use for starfield stars
-	starfield_handle: Option<SpriteHandle>,
 
 	/// Keeps track of which images are in which texture
 	sprite_atlas: SpriteAtlas,
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ impl Content {
 		let mut content = Self {
 			config: {
 				if let Some(c) = root.config {
-					c.build(&asset_root)
+					c.build(&asset_root, &atlas)
 						.with_context(|| "while parsing config table")?
 				} else {
 					bail!("failed loading content: no config table specified")
@@ -220,7 +220,6 @@ impl Content {
 			factions: Vec::new(),
 			effects: Vec::new(),
 			sprite_index: HashMap::new(),
-			starfield_handle: None,
 		};
 
 		// TODO: enforce sprite and image limits
@@ -278,14 +277,6 @@ impl Content {
 		(0..self.systems.len()).map(|x| SystemHandle { index: x })
 	}
 
-	/// Get the handle for the starfield sprite
-	pub fn get_starfield_handle(&self) -> SpriteHandle {
-		match self.starfield_handle {
-			Some(h) => h,
-			None => unreachable!("Starfield sprite hasn't been loaded yet!"),
-		}
-	}
-
 	/// Get a handle from a sprite name
 	pub fn get_sprite_handle(&self, name: &str) -> SpriteHandle {
 		return match self.sprite_index.get(name) {
@@ -306,9 +297,9 @@ impl Content {
 		return &self.sprite_atlas.atlas_list;
 	}
 
-	/// Get a sprite from a path
+	/// Get a texture by its index
-	pub fn get_image(&self, p: &Path) -> &SpriteAtlasImage {
+	pub fn get_image(&self, idx: u32) -> &SpriteAtlasImage {
-		self.sprite_atlas.index.get(p).unwrap()
+		&self.sprite_atlas.index[idx as usize]
 	}
 
 	/// Get an outfit from a handle

crates/content/src/part/config.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ use std::path::PathBuf;
 
 pub(crate) mod syntax {
 	use anyhow::{bail, Result};
+	use galactica_packer::SpriteAtlas;
 	use serde::Deserialize;
 	use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ pub(crate) mod syntax {
 
 	impl Config {
 		// TODO: clean up build trait
-		pub fn build(self, asset_root: &Path) -> Result<super::Config> {
+		pub fn build(self, asset_root: &Path, atlas: &SpriteAtlas) -> Result<super::Config> {
 			for i in &self.fonts.files {
 				if !asset_root.join(i).exists() {
 					bail!("font file `{}` doesn't exist", i.display());
@@ -35,6 +36,16 @@ pub(crate) mod syntax {
 			// An insufficient limit will result in some tiles not being drawn
 			let starfield_instance_limit = 12 * starfield_count as u64;
 
+			let starfield_texture = match atlas.path_map.get(&self.starfield.texture) {
+				Some(s) => *s,
+				None => {
+					bail!(
+						"starfield texture `{}` doesn't exist",
+						self.starfield.texture.display()
+					)
+				}
+			};
+
 			return Ok(super::Config {
 				sprite_root: asset_root.join(self.sprite_root),
 				font_files: self
@@ -53,7 +64,7 @@ pub(crate) mod syntax {
 				starfield_min_dist: self.starfield.min_dist,
 				starfield_max_size: self.starfield.max_size,
 				starfield_min_size: self.starfield.min_size,
-				starfield_sprite: self.starfield.sprite,
+				starfield_texture,
 				starfield_count,
 				starfield_density,
 				starfield_size,
@@ -80,7 +91,7 @@ pub(crate) mod syntax {
 		pub max_size: f32,
 		pub min_dist: f32,
 		pub max_dist: f32,
-		pub sprite: String,
+		pub texture: PathBuf,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -117,8 +128,8 @@ pub struct Config {
 	/// Maximum z-distance of starfield star, in game units
 	pub starfield_max_dist: f32,
 
-	/// Name of starfield sprite
+	/// Index of starfield texture
-	pub starfield_sprite: String,
+	pub starfield_texture: u32,
 
 	/// Size of a square starfield tile, in game units.
 	/// A tile of size STARFIELD_Z_MAX * screen-size-in-game-units

crates/content/src/part/effect.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ pub(crate) mod syntax {
 	use galactica_util::to_radians;
 	use serde::Deserialize;
 
-	use crate::{Content, ContentBuildContext, EffectHandle};
+	use crate::{Content, ContentBuildContext, EffectHandle, StartEdge};
 	// Raw serde syntax structs.
 	// These are never seen by code outside this crate.
 
@@ -56,8 +56,13 @@ pub(crate) mod syntax {
 				TextOrFloat::Float(f) => f,
 				TextOrFloat::Text(s) => {
 					if s == "inherit" {
+						// Match lifetime of first section of sprite
 						let sprite = content.get_sprite(sprite);
-						sprite.frame_duration * sprite.frames.len() as f32
+						let sec = match sprite.start_at {
+							StartEdge::Top { section } => sprite.get_section(section),
+							StartEdge::Bot { section } => sprite.get_section(section),
+						};
+						sec.frame_duration * sec.frames.len() as f32
 					} else {
 						bail!("bad effect lifetime, must be float or \"inherit\"",)
 					}

crates/content/src/part/mod.rs

@@ -18,5 +18,5 @@ pub use ship::{
 	CollapseEffectSpawner, CollapseEvent, EffectCollapseEvent, EnginePoint, GunPoint, Ship,
 	ShipCollapse,
 };
-pub use sprite::{RepeatMode, Sprite};
+pub use sprite::*;
 pub use system::{System, SystemObject};

crates/content/src/part/sprite.rs

@@ -1,44 +1,36 @@
-use anyhow::{bail, Context, Result};
+use anyhow::{anyhow, bail, Context, Result};
-use image::io::Reader;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
-use serde::Deserialize;
-use std::{collections::HashMap, path::PathBuf};
 
 use crate::{handle::SpriteHandle, Content, ContentBuildContext};
 
 pub(crate) mod syntax {
+	use crate::{Content, ContentBuildContext};
+	use anyhow::{anyhow, bail, Context, Ok, Result};
 	use serde::Deserialize;
-	use std::path::PathBuf;
+	use std::{collections::HashMap, path::PathBuf};
 
-	use super::RepeatMode;
+	use super::AnimSectionHandle;
 
 	// Raw serde syntax structs.
 	// These are never seen by code outside this crate.
 
+	/// Convenience variants of sprite definitions
 	#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
 	#[serde(untagged)]
 	pub enum Sprite {
 		Static(StaticSprite),
-		Frames(FrameSprite),
+		OneSection(SpriteSection),
-	}
+		Complete(CompleteSprite),
-
-	#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
-	pub struct StaticSprite {
-		pub file: PathBuf,
-	}
-
-	#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
-	pub struct FrameSprite {
-		pub frames: Vec<PathBuf>,
-		pub timing: Timing,
-		pub repeat: RepeatMode,
-		pub random_start_frame: Option<bool>,
 	}
 
+	/// Two ways to specify animation length
 	#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
 	pub enum TimingVariant {
+		/// The duration of this whole section
 		#[serde(rename = "duration")]
 		Duration(f32),
 
+		/// The fps of this section
 		#[serde(rename = "fps")]
 		Fps(f32),
 	}
@@ -47,36 +39,208 @@ pub(crate) mod syntax {
 	pub struct Timing {
 		#[serde(flatten)]
 		pub variant: TimingVariant,
-		//pub uniform_rng: Option<f32>,
 	}
-}
 
-/// How to replay a texture's animation
+	/// An unanimated sprite
-#[derive(Debug, Deserialize, Clone, Copy)]
+	#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
-pub enum RepeatMode {
+	pub struct StaticSprite {
-	/// Play this animation once, and stop at the last frame
+		pub file: PathBuf,
-	#[serde(rename = "once")]
+	}
-	Once,
 
-	/// After the first frame, jump to the last frame
+	/// The proper, full sprite definition
-	#[serde(rename = "repeat")]
+	#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
-	Repeat,
+	pub struct CompleteSprite {
+		pub section: HashMap<String, SpriteSection>,
+		pub start_at: SectionEdge,
+	}
 
-	/// Play this animation in reverse after the last frame
+	/// A single animation section
-	#[serde(rename = "reverse")]
+	#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
-	Reverse,
+	pub struct SpriteSection {
-}
+		pub frames: Vec<PathBuf>,
+		pub timing: Timing,
+		pub top: Option<SectionEdge>,
+		pub bot: Option<SectionEdge>,
+	}
 
-impl RepeatMode {
+	impl SpriteSection {
-	/// Represent this repeatmode as an integer
+		pub fn add_to(
-	/// Used to pass this enum into shaders
+			&self,
-	pub fn as_int(&self) -> u32 {
+			_build_context: &mut ContentBuildContext,
-		match self {
+			content: &mut Content,
-			Self::Repeat => 0,
+
-			Self::Once => 1,
+			// An index of all sections in this sprite, used to resolve
-			Self::Reverse => 2,
+			// top and bot edges.
+			all_sections: &HashMap<String, AnimSectionHandle>,
+		) -> Result<((u32, u32), super::SpriteSection)> {
+			// Make sure all frames have the same size and add them
+			// to the frame vector
+			let mut dim = None;
+			let mut frames = Vec::new();
+			for f in &self.frames {
+				let idx = match content.sprite_atlas.path_map.get(f) {
+					Some(s) => *s,
+					None => {
+						bail!("error: file `{}` isn't in the sprite atlas", f.display());
+					}
+				};
+				let img = &content.sprite_atlas.index[idx as usize];
+
+				match dim {
+					None => dim = Some(img.true_size),
+					Some(e) => {
+						if img.true_size != e {
+							bail!("failed to load section frames because frames have different sizes.",)
+						}
+					}
+				}
+
+				frames.push(img.idx);
+			}
+			let dim = dim.unwrap();
+
+			let frame_duration = match self.timing.variant {
+				TimingVariant::Duration(d) => d / self.frames.len() as f32,
+				TimingVariant::Fps(f) => 1.0 / f,
+			};
+
+			if frame_duration <= 0.0 {
+				bail!("frame duration must be positive (and therefore nonzero).")
+			}
+
+			let edge_top = match &self.top {
+				Some(x) => x.resolve_as_edge(all_sections)?,
+				None => super::SectionEdge::Stop,
+			};
+
+			let edge_bot = match &self.bot {
+				Some(x) => x.resolve_as_edge(all_sections)?,
+				None => super::SectionEdge::Stop,
+			};
+
+			return Ok((
+				dim,
+				super::SpriteSection {
+					frames,
+					frame_duration,
+					edge_top,
+					edge_bot,
+				},
+			));
 		}
 	}
+
+	/// A link between two animation sections
+	#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+	#[serde(transparent)]
+	pub struct SectionEdge {
+		pub val: String,
+	}
+
+	impl SectionEdge {
+		pub fn resolve_as_start(
+			&self,
+			all_sections: &HashMap<String, AnimSectionHandle>,
+		) -> Result<super::StartEdge> {
+			let e = self
+				.resolve_as_edge(all_sections)
+				.with_context(|| format!("while resolving start edge"))?;
+			match e {
+				super::SectionEdge::Bot { section } => Ok(super::StartEdge::Bot { section }),
+				super::SectionEdge::Top { section } => Ok(super::StartEdge::Top { section }),
+				_ => {
+					bail!("bad section start specification `{}`", self.val);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		pub fn resolve_as_edge(
+			&self,
+			all_sections: &HashMap<String, AnimSectionHandle>,
+		) -> Result<super::SectionEdge> {
+			if self.val == "stop" {
+				return Ok(super::SectionEdge::Stop);
+			}
+
+			if self.val == "reverse" {
+				return Ok(super::SectionEdge::Reverse);
+			}
+
+			if self.val == "restart" {
+				return Ok(super::SectionEdge::Restart);
+			}
+
+			let (s, p) = match self.val.split_once(":") {
+				Some(x) => x,
+				None => {
+					bail!("bad section edge specification `{}`", self.val);
+				}
+			};
+
+			let section = match all_sections.get(s) {
+				Some(s) => *s,
+				None => {
+					return Err(anyhow!("bad section edge specification `{}`", self.val))
+						.with_context(|| format!("section `{}` doesn't exist", s));
+				}
+			};
+
+			match p {
+				"top" => Ok(super::SectionEdge::Top { section }),
+				"bot" => Ok(super::SectionEdge::Bot { section }),
+				_ => {
+					return Err(anyhow!("bad section edge specification `{}`", self.val))
+						.with_context(|| format!("invalid target `{}`", p));
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// TODO: should be pub crate
+/// A handle for an animation section inside a sprite
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
+pub struct AnimSectionHandle(pub(crate) usize);
+
+/// An edge between two animation sections
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub enum SectionEdge {
+	/// Stop at the last frame of this section
+	Stop,
+
+	/// Play the given section from the bottm
+	Bot {
+		/// The section to play
+		section: AnimSectionHandle,
+	},
+
+	/// Play the given section from the top
+	Top {
+		/// The section to play
+		section: AnimSectionHandle,
+	},
+
+	/// Replay this section in the opposite direction
+	Reverse,
+
+	/// Restart this section from the opposite end
+	Restart,
+}
+
+/// Where to start an animation
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub enum StartEdge {
+	/// Play the given section from the bottm
+	Bot {
+		/// The section to play
+		section: AnimSectionHandle,
+	},
+
+	/// Play the given section from the top
+	Top {
+		/// The section to play
+		section: AnimSectionHandle,
+	},
 }
 
 /// Represents a sprite that may be used in the game.
@@ -88,25 +252,52 @@ pub struct Sprite {
 	/// This sprite's handle
 	pub handle: SpriteHandle,
 
-	/// The file names of frames of this sprite.
+	/// Where this sprite starts playing
-	/// unanimated sprites have one frame.
+	pub start_at: StartEdge,
-	pub frames: Vec<PathBuf>,
 
-	/// The speed of this sprite's animation.
+	/// This sprite's animation sections
-	/// This is zero for unanimate sprites.
+	sections: Vec<SpriteSection>,
-	pub frame_duration: f32,
-
-	/// All frames will be sped up/slowed by this factor.
-	//pub frame_uniform_rng: f32,
-
-	/// How to replay this sprite's animation
-	pub repeat: RepeatMode,
 
 	/// Aspect ratio of this sprite (width / height)
 	pub aspect: f32,
+}
 
-	/// If true, start on a random frame of this sprite.
+impl Sprite {
-	pub random_start_frame: bool,
+	/// Get an animation section from a handle
+	pub fn get_section(&self, section: AnimSectionHandle) -> &SpriteSection {
+		&self.sections[section.0]
+	}
+
+	/// Get this sprite's first frame
+	pub fn get_first_frame(&self) -> u32 {
+		match self.start_at {
+			StartEdge::Bot { section } => *self.get_section(section).frames.last().unwrap(),
+			StartEdge::Top { section } => *self.get_section(section).frames.first().unwrap(),
+		}
+	}
+
+	/// Iterate this sprite's sections
+	pub fn iter_sections(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &SpriteSection> {
+		self.sections.iter()
+	}
+}
+
+/// A part of a sprite's animation
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct SpriteSection {
+	/// The texture index of each frame in this animation section.
+	/// unanimated sections have one frame.
+	pub frames: Vec<u32>,
+
+	/// The speed of this sprite's animation.
+	/// This must always be positive (and therefore, nonzero)
+	pub frame_duration: f32,
+
+	/// What to do when we reach the top of this section
+	pub edge_top: SectionEdge,
+
+	/// What to do when we reach the bottom of this section
+	pub edge_bot: SectionEdge,
 }
 
 impl crate::Build for Sprite {
@@ -114,123 +305,141 @@ impl crate::Build for Sprite {
 
 	fn build(
 		sprites: Self::InputSyntaxType,
-		_build_context: &mut ContentBuildContext,
+		build_context: &mut ContentBuildContext,
 		content: &mut Content,
 	) -> Result<()> {
 		for (sprite_name, t) in sprites {
 			match t {
 				syntax::Sprite::Static(t) => {
-					let file = content.config.sprite_root.join(&t.file);
+					let idx = match content.sprite_atlas.path_map.get(&t.file) {
-					let reader = Reader::open(&file).with_context(|| {
+						Some(s) => *s,
-						format!(
+						None => {
-							"Failed to read file `{}` in sprite `{}`",
+							return Err(
-							file.display(),
+								anyhow!("error while processing sprite `{}`", sprite_name,),
-							sprite_name,
+							)
-						)
+							.with_context(|| {
-					})?;
+								format!(
-					let dim = reader.into_dimensions().with_context(|| {
+									"file `{}` isn't in the sprite atlas, cannot proceed",
-						format!(
+									t.file.display()
-							"Failed to get dimensions of file `{}` in sprite `{}`",
+								)
-							file.display(),
+							});
-							sprite_name,
+						}
-						)
+					};
-					})?;
+					let img = &content.sprite_atlas.index[idx as usize];
+					let aspect = img.w / img.h;
 
 					let h = SpriteHandle {
 						index: content.sprites.len(),
-						aspect: dim.0 as f32 / dim.1 as f32,
+						aspect,
 					};
 
-					if sprite_name == content.config.starfield_sprite {
-						if content.starfield_handle.is_none() {
-							content.starfield_handle = Some(h)
-						} else {
-							// This can't happen, since this is a hashmap.
-							unreachable!("Found two starfield sprites! Something is very wrong.")
-						}
-					}
-
 					content.sprite_index.insert(sprite_name.clone(), h);
 
 					content.sprites.push(Self {
 						name: sprite_name,
-						frames: vec![t.file],
+						start_at: StartEdge::Top {
-						frame_duration: 0.0,
+							section: AnimSectionHandle(0),
-						//frame_uniform_rng: 0.0,
+						},
+						sections: vec![SpriteSection {
+							frames: vec![img.idx],
+							// We implement unanimated sprites with a very fast framerate
+							// and STOP endpoints.
+							frame_duration: 0.01,
+							edge_top: SectionEdge::Stop,
+							edge_bot: SectionEdge::Stop,
+						}],
 						handle: h,
-						repeat: RepeatMode::Once,
+						aspect,
-						aspect: dim.0 as f32 / dim.1 as f32,
-						random_start_frame: false,
 					});
 				}
-				syntax::Sprite::Frames(t) => {
+				syntax::Sprite::OneSection(s) => {
+					let mut section_names: HashMap<String, _> = HashMap::new();
+					// Name the one section in this sprite "anim"
+					section_names.insert("anim".to_owned(), AnimSectionHandle(0));
+
+					let (dim, section) = s
+						.add_to(build_context, content, &section_names)
+						.with_context(|| format!("while parsing sprite `{}`", sprite_name))?;
+					let aspect = dim.0 as f32 / dim.1 as f32;
+					let h = SpriteHandle {
+						index: content.sprites.len(),
+						aspect,
+					};
+
+					let mut sections = Vec::new();
+					sections.push(section);
+
+					content.sprite_index.insert(sprite_name.clone(), h);
+					content.sprites.push(Self {
+						name: sprite_name,
+						sections,
+						start_at: StartEdge::Bot {
+							section: AnimSectionHandle(0),
+						},
+						handle: h,
+						aspect,
+					});
+				}
+				syntax::Sprite::Complete(s) => {
+					let mut idx = 0;
+					let mut section_names = HashMap::new();
+					for (name, _) in &s.section {
+						section_names.insert(name.to_owned(), AnimSectionHandle(idx));
+						idx += 1;
+					}
+
+					let start_at = s
+						.start_at
+						.resolve_as_start(&section_names)
+						.with_context(|| format!("while loading sprite `{}`", sprite_name))?;
+
+					let mut sections = Vec::with_capacity(idx);
 					let mut dim = None;
-					for f in &t.frames {
+
-						let file = content.config.sprite_root.join(f);
+					// Make sure we add sections in order
-						let reader = Reader::open(&file).with_context(|| {
+					let mut names = section_names.iter().collect::<Vec<_>>();
-							format!(
+					names.sort_by(|a, b| (a.1).0.cmp(&(b.1).0));
-								"Failed to read file `{}` in sprite `{}`",
+
-								file.display(),
+					for (k, _) in names {
+						let v = s.section.get(k).unwrap();
+						let (d, s) = v
+							.add_to(build_context, content, &section_names)
+							.with_context(|| format!("while parsing sprite `{}`", sprite_name))
+							.with_context(|| format!("while parsing section `{}`", k))?;
+
+						// Make sure all dimensions are the same
+						if dim.is_none() {
+							dim = Some(d);
+						} else if dim.unwrap() != d {
+							bail!(
+								"could not load sprite `{}`, image sizes in section `{}` are different",
 								sprite_name,
-							)
+								k
-						})?;
+							);
-						let d = reader.into_dimensions().with_context(|| {
-							format!(
-								"Failed to get dimensions of file `{}` in sprite `{}`",
-								file.display(),
-								sprite_name,
-							)
-						})?;
-						match dim {
-							None => dim = Some(d),
-							Some(e) => {
-								if d != e {
-									bail!(
-										"Failed to load frames of sprite `{}` because frames have different sizes.",
-										sprite_name,
-									)
-								}
-							}
 						}
+
+						sections.push(s);
 					}
 					let dim = dim.unwrap();
+					let aspect = dim.0 as f32 / dim.1 as f32;
 
 					let h = SpriteHandle {
 						index: content.sprites.len(),
-						aspect: dim.0 as f32 / dim.1 as f32,
+						aspect,
-					};
-
-					if sprite_name == content.config.starfield_sprite {
-						unreachable!("Starfield texture may not be animated")
-					}
-
-					let frame_duration = match t.timing.variant {
-						syntax::TimingVariant::Duration(d) => d / t.frames.len() as f32,
-						syntax::TimingVariant::Fps(f) => 1.0 / f,
 					};
 
 					content.sprite_index.insert(sprite_name.clone(), h);
 					content.sprites.push(Self {
 						name: sprite_name,
-						frames: t.frames,
+						sections,
-						frame_duration,
+						start_at,
-						//frame_uniform_rng: t.timing.uniform_rng.unwrap_or(0.0),
 						handle: h,
-						repeat: t.repeat,
+						aspect,
-						aspect: dim.0 as f32 / dim.1 as f32,
-						random_start_frame: t.random_start_frame.unwrap_or(false),
 					});
 				}
 			}
 		}
 
-		if content.starfield_handle.is_none() {
-			bail!(
-				"Could not find a starfield texture (name: `{}`)",
-				content.config.starfield_sprite
-			)
-		}
-
 		return Ok(());
 	}
 }

crates/galactica/src/game.rs

@@ -48,12 +48,14 @@ impl<'a> Game {
 		);
 
 		let s = self.state.systemsim.get_ship_mut(&player).unwrap();
-		s.data
+		s.add_outfits(
-			.add_outfit(&self.ct.get_outfit(OutfitHandle { index: 0 }));
+			&self.ct,
-		s.data
+			[
-			.add_outfit(&self.ct.get_outfit(OutfitHandle { index: 1 }));
+				OutfitHandle { index: 0 },
-		s.data
+				OutfitHandle { index: 1 },
-			.add_outfit(&self.ct.get_outfit(OutfitHandle { index: 2 }));
+				OutfitHandle { index: 2 },
+			],
+		);
 
 		return player;
 	}
@@ -70,9 +72,14 @@ impl<'a> Game {
 		);
 
 		let s = systemsim.get_ship_mut(&a).unwrap();
-		s.data.add_outfit(ct.get_outfit(OutfitHandle { index: 0 }));
+		s.add_outfits(
-		s.data.add_outfit(&ct.get_outfit(OutfitHandle { index: 1 }));
+			&ct,
-		s.data.add_outfit(&ct.get_outfit(OutfitHandle { index: 2 }));
+			[
+				OutfitHandle { index: 0 },
+				OutfitHandle { index: 1 },
+				OutfitHandle { index: 2 },
+			],
+		);
 
 		let a = systemsim.add_ship(
 			&ct,
@@ -83,9 +90,14 @@ impl<'a> Game {
 		);
 
 		let s = systemsim.get_ship_mut(&a).unwrap();
-		s.data.add_outfit(ct.get_outfit(OutfitHandle { index: 0 }));
+		s.add_outfits(
-		s.data.add_outfit(&ct.get_outfit(OutfitHandle { index: 1 }));
+			&ct,
-		s.data.add_outfit(&ct.get_outfit(OutfitHandle { index: 2 }));
+			[
+				OutfitHandle { index: 0 },
+				OutfitHandle { index: 1 },
+				OutfitHandle { index: 2 },
+			],
+		);
 
 		let state = GameState {
 			systemsim,

crates/galactica/src/main.rs

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {
 							.systemsim
 							.get_ship(&PhysSimShipHandle(player.ship.unwrap()));
 						if let Some(o) = o {
-							match o.data.get_state() {
+							match o.get_data().get_state() {
 								ShipState::Landing { .. }
 								| ShipState::UnLanding { .. }
 								| ShipState::Collapsing { .. }
@@ -137,13 +137,16 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {
 						},
 					..
 				} => {
-					player.process_key(state, key);
+					player.input.process_key(state, key);
+				}
+				WindowEvent::CursorMoved { position, .. } => {
+					player.input.process_mouse(position);
 				}
 				WindowEvent::MouseInput { state, button, .. } => {
-					player.process_click(state, button);
+					player.input.process_click(state, button);
 				}
 				WindowEvent::MouseWheel { delta, phase, .. } => {
-					player.process_scroll(delta, phase);
+					player.input.process_scroll(delta, phase);
 				}
 				WindowEvent::Resized(_) => {
 					gpu.resize(&content);

crates/packer/src/atlasset.rs

@@ -205,16 +205,19 @@ impl AtlasSet {
 			)
 		})?;
 
-		self.index.index.insert(
+		self.index
-			p.to_path_buf(),
+			.path_map
-			SpriteAtlasImage {
+			.insert(p.to_path_buf(), self.index.index.len() as u32);
-				atlas: atlas_idx as u32,
+
-				x: (x + self.image_margin) as f32 / self.texture_width as f32,
+		self.index.index.push(SpriteAtlasImage {
-				y: (y + self.image_margin) as f32 / self.texture_height as f32,
+			true_size: image_dim,
-				w: image_dim.0 as f32 / self.texture_width as f32,
+			idx: self.index.index.len() as u32,
-				h: image_dim.1 as f32 / self.texture_height as f32,
+			atlas: atlas_idx as u32,
-			},
+			x: (x + self.image_margin) as f32 / self.texture_width as f32,
-		);
+			y: (y + self.image_margin) as f32 / self.texture_height as f32,
+			w: image_dim.0 as f32 / self.texture_width as f32,
+			h: image_dim.1 as f32 / self.texture_height as f32,
+		});
 
 		return Ok(atlas_idx);
 	}

crates/packer/src/lib.rs

@@ -13,6 +13,12 @@ pub struct SpriteAtlasImage {
 	/// This is an index in SpriteAtlas.atlas_list
 	pub atlas: u32,
 
+	/// A globally unique, consecutively numbered index for this sprite
+	pub idx: u32,
+
+	/// The size of this image, in pixels
+	pub true_size: (u32, u32),
+
 	/// x-position of this image
 	/// (between 0 and 1, using wgpu texture coordinates)
 	pub x: f32,
@@ -35,7 +41,10 @@ pub struct SpriteAtlasImage {
 #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
 pub struct SpriteAtlas {
 	/// The images in this atlas
-	pub index: HashMap<PathBuf, SpriteAtlasImage>,
+	pub index: Vec<SpriteAtlasImage>,
+
+	/// Map paths to image indices
+	pub path_map: HashMap<PathBuf, u32>,
 
 	/// The file names of the atlas textures we've generated
 	pub atlas_list: Vec<String>,
@@ -45,7 +54,8 @@ impl SpriteAtlas {
 	/// Make an empty [`SpriteAtlasIndex`]
 	pub fn new() -> Self {
 		Self {
-			index: HashMap::new(),
+			path_map: HashMap::new(),
+			index: Vec::new(),
 			atlas_list: Vec::new(),
 		}
 	}

crates/playeragent/src/inputstatus.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,20 @@
-use winit::event::{ElementState, MouseButton, MouseScrollDelta, TouchPhase, VirtualKeyCode};
+use winit::{
+	dpi::PhysicalPosition,
+	event::{ElementState, MouseButton, MouseScrollDelta, TouchPhase, VirtualKeyCode},
+};
 
 pub struct InputStatus {
 	// Parameters
 	scroll_speed: f32,
 
+	mouse_position: PhysicalPosition<f32>,
+
 	// Continuous keys
 	key_left: bool,
 	key_right: bool,
 	key_thrust: bool,
 	key_guns: bool,
+	key_leftclick: bool,
 
 	// One-shot keys (audomatically released at the end of each frame)
 	key_land: bool,
@@ -23,6 +29,8 @@ impl InputStatus {
 			key_thrust: false,
 			key_guns: false,
 			key_land: false,
+			key_leftclick: false,
+			mouse_position: PhysicalPosition { x: 0.0, y: 0.0 },
 			v_scroll: 0.0,
 			scroll_speed: 10.0,
 		}
@@ -65,9 +73,17 @@ impl InputStatus {
 		}
 	}
 
+	pub fn process_mouse(&mut self, position: &PhysicalPosition<f64>) {
+		self.mouse_position = PhysicalPosition {
+			x: position.x as f32,
+			y: position.y as f32,
+		};
+	}
+
 	pub fn process_click(&mut self, state: &ElementState, key: &MouseButton) {
-		let _down = state == &ElementState::Pressed;
+		let down = state == &ElementState::Pressed;
 		match key {
+			MouseButton::Left => self.key_leftclick = down,
 			_ => {}
 		}
 	}

crates/playeragent/src/playeragent.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 use galactica_content::{Content, SystemHandle, SystemObjectHandle};
 use rapier2d::geometry::ColliderHandle;
-use winit::event::{ElementState, MouseButton, MouseScrollDelta, TouchPhase, VirtualKeyCode};
 
 use crate::{camera::Camera, inputstatus::InputStatus, PlayerStatus};
 
@@ -57,18 +56,6 @@ impl PlayerAgent {
 		self.camera.aspect = v
 	}
 
-	pub fn process_key(&mut self, state: &ElementState, key: &VirtualKeyCode) {
-		self.input.process_key(state, key)
-	}
-
-	pub fn process_click(&mut self, state: &ElementState, key: &MouseButton) {
-		self.input.process_click(state, key)
-	}
-
-	pub fn process_scroll(&mut self, delta: &MouseScrollDelta, phase: &TouchPhase) {
-		self.input.process_scroll(delta, phase)
-	}
-
 	pub fn step(&mut self, ct: &Content, status: PlayerStatus) {
 		if self.input.get_v_scroll() != 0.0 {
 			self.camera.zoom = (self.camera.zoom + self.input.get_v_scroll())

crates/render/shaders/include/animate.wgsl

@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-// Pick a frame of a sprite animation from an instance.
-fn animate(sprite_index: u32, age: f32, offset: f32) -> f32 {
-
-	let len = global_sprites[sprite_index].frame_count;
-	let rep = global_sprites[sprite_index].repeatmode;
-	let frame_duration = global_sprites[sprite_index].frame_duration;
-	var frame: f32 = 0.0;
-
-	// Once
-	if rep == u32(1) {
-
-		frame = min(
-			age / frame_duration + offset,
-			f32(len) - 1.0
-		);
-
-	// Reverse
-	} else if rep == u32(2) {
-		let x = age / frame_duration + offset;
-		let m = f32(len) * 2.0 - 1.0;
-		// x fmod m
-		frame = x - floor(x / m) * m;
-
-		if frame >= f32(len) {
-			frame = (
-				f32(len) + f32(len) - 1.0
-				// Split integer and fractional part so tweening works properly
-				- floor(frame)
-				+ fract(frame)
-			);
-		}
-
-	// Repeat (default)
-	} else {
-		let x = age / frame_duration + offset;
-		let m = f32(len);
-		frame = x - floor(x / m) * m;
-	}
-	
-	return frame + f32(global_sprites[sprite_index].first_frame);
-}

crates/render/shaders/object.wgsl

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 // INCLUDE: global uniform header
 
 struct InstanceInput {
-	@location(2) sprite_index: u32,
+	@location(2) texture_index: vec2<u32>,
-	@location(3) object_index: u32,
+	@location(3) texture_fade: f32,
+	@location(4) object_index: u32,
 };
 
 struct VertexInput {
@@ -25,20 +26,19 @@ var texture_array: binding_array<texture_2d<f32>>;
 @group(0) @binding(1)
 var sampler_array: binding_array<sampler>;
 
-
+fn transform_vertex(obj: ObjectData, vertex_position: vec2<f32>, texture_index: u32) -> vec4<f32> {
-// INCLUDE: animate.wgsl
-
-fn transform_vertex(obj: ObjectData, vertex_position: vec2<f32>, sprite_index: u32) -> vec4<f32> {
 	// Object scale
 	var scale: f32 = obj.size / (global_data.camera_zoom.x * obj.zpos);
 	if obj.is_child == 1u {
 		scale /= objects[obj.parent].zpos;
 	}
 
+	let texture = global_atlas[texture_index];
+
 	// Apply scale and sprite aspect
 	// Note that our mesh starts centered at (0, 0). This is important!
 	var pos: vec2<f32> = vec2(
-		vertex_position.x * scale * global_sprites[sprite_index].aspect,
+		vertex_position.x * scale * (texture.width / texture.height),
 		vertex_position.y * scale
 	);
 	
@@ -113,18 +113,18 @@ fn vertex_main(
 ) -> VertexOutput {
 	var out: VertexOutput;
 
-
+	out.position = transform_vertex(
-
+		objects[instance.object_index],
-	out.position = transform_vertex(objects[instance.object_index], vertex.position.xy, instance.sprite_index);
+		vertex.position.xy,
+		instance.texture_index.x
+	);
 
 
 	// Compute texture coordinates
-
 	let age = global_data.current_time.x;
-	let frame = animate(instance.sprite_index, age, 0.0);
+	out.tween = instance.texture_fade;
-	out.tween = fract(frame);
 
-	let t = global_atlas[u32(floor(frame))];
+	let t = global_atlas[instance.texture_index.x];
 	out.texture_index_a = u32(t.atlas_texture);
 	out.texture_coords_a = vec2(t.xpos, t.ypos);
 	if vertex.texture_coords.x == 1.0 {
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ fn vertex_main(
 		out.texture_coords_a = out.texture_coords_a + vec2(0.0, t.height);
 	}
 
-	let b = global_atlas[u32(floor(animate(instance.sprite_index, age, 1.0)))];
+	let b = global_atlas[instance.texture_index.y];
 	out.texture_index_b = u32(b.atlas_texture);
 	out.texture_coords_b = vec2(b.xpos, b.ypos);
 	if vertex.texture_coords.x == 1.0 {

crates/render/shaders/particle.wgsl

@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@ struct InstanceInput {
 	@location(7) created: f32,
 	@location(8) expires: f32,
 	@location(9) fade: f32,
-	@location(10) sprite_index: u32,
+	@location(10) texture_index: vec2<u32>,
+	@location(11) texture_fade: f32,
 };
 
 struct VertexInput {
@@ -33,9 +34,6 @@ var texture_array: binding_array<texture_2d<f32>>;
 @group(0) @binding(1)
 var sampler_array: binding_array<sampler>;
 
-
-// INCLUDE: animate.wgsl
-
 @vertex
 fn vertex_main(
 	vertex: VertexInput,
@@ -96,9 +94,9 @@ fn vertex_main(
 
 	// Compute texture coordinates
 	let frame = animate(instance.sprite_index, age, 0.0);
-	out.tween = fract(frame);
+	out.tween = instance.texture_fade;
 
-	let t = global_atlas[u32(floor(frame))];
+	let t = global_atlas[instance.texture_index.x];
 	out.texture_index_a = u32(t.atlas_texture);
 	out.texture_coords_a = vec2(t.xpos, t.ypos);
 	if vertex.texture_coords.x == 1.0 {
@@ -108,7 +106,7 @@ fn vertex_main(
 		out.texture_coords_a = out.texture_coords_a + vec2(0.0, t.height);
 	}
 
-	let b = global_atlas[u32(floor(animate(instance.sprite_index, age, 1.0)))];
+	let b = global_atlas[instance.texture_index.y];
 	out.texture_index_b = u32(b.atlas_texture);
 	out.texture_coords_b = vec2(b.xpos, b.ypos);
 	if vertex.texture_coords.x == 1.0 {
@@ -118,7 +116,6 @@ fn vertex_main(
 		out.texture_coords_b = out.texture_coords_b + vec2(0.0, b.height);
 	}
 
-
 	return out;
 }
 

crates/render/shaders/starfield.wgsl

@@ -109,8 +109,7 @@ fn vertex_main(
 
 
 	// Starfield sprites may not be animated
-	let i = global_sprites[global_data.starfield_sprite.x].first_frame;
+	let t = global_atlas[global_data.starfield_sprite.x];
-	let t = global_atlas[i];
 	out.texture_index = u32(t.atlas_texture);
 	out.texture_coords = vec2(t.xpos, t.ypos);
 	if vertex.texture_coords.x == 1.0 {

crates/render/shaders/ui.wgsl

@@ -6,8 +6,9 @@ struct InstanceInput {
 	@location(4) angle: f32,
 	@location(5) size: f32,
 	@location(6) color_transform: vec4<f32>,
-	@location(7) sprite_index: u32,
+	@location(7) texture_index: vec2<u32>,
-	@location(8) mask_index: vec2<u32>,
+	@location(8) texture_fade: f32,
+	@location(9) mask_index: vec2<u32>,
 };
 
 struct VertexInput {
@@ -30,7 +31,6 @@ var texture_array: binding_array<texture_2d<f32>>;
 var sampler_array: binding_array<sampler>;
 
 
-// INCLUDE: animate.wgsl
 // INCLUDE: anchor.wgsl
 
 @vertex
@@ -42,12 +42,15 @@ fn vertex_main(
 
 	let window_dim = global_data.window_size / global_data.window_scale.x;
 	let scale = instance.size / window_dim.y;
-	let sprite_aspect = global_sprites[instance.sprite_index].aspect;
+	let aspect = (
+		global_atlas[instance.texture_index.x].width /
+		global_atlas[instance.texture_index.x].height
+	);
 
 	// Apply scale and sprite aspect
 	// Note that our mesh starts centered at (0, 0). This is important!
 	var pos: vec2<f32> = vec2(
-		vertex.position.x * scale * sprite_aspect,
+		vertex.position.x * scale * aspect,
 		vertex.position.y * scale
 	);
 
@@ -66,7 +69,7 @@ fn vertex_main(
 	pos = pos + anchor(
 		instance.anchor,
 		instance.position,
-		vec2(instance.size * sprite_aspect, instance.size)
+		vec2(instance.size * aspect, instance.size)
 	);
 
 	var out: VertexOutput;
@@ -77,7 +80,7 @@ fn vertex_main(
 
 	// TODO: function to get texture from sprite
 	// Pick texture frame
-	let t = global_atlas[u32(animate(instance.sprite_index, global_data.current_time.x, 0.0))];
+	let t = global_atlas[instance.texture_index.x];
 	out.texture_index = u32(t.atlas_texture);
 	out.texture_coords = vec2(t.xpos, t.ypos);
 	if vertex.texture_coords.x == 1.0 {
@@ -91,8 +94,7 @@ fn vertex_main(
 	// x coordinate of mask index is either 0 or 1, telling us whether or not to use a mask.
 	// y coordinate is mask sprite index
 	if instance.mask_index.x == 1u {
-		let ms = global_sprites[instance.mask_index.y].first_frame;
+		let m = global_atlas[instance.mask_index.y];
-		let m = global_atlas[ms];
 		out.mask_index = vec2(1u, u32(m.atlas_texture));
 		out.mask_coords = vec2(m.xpos, m.ypos);
 		if vertex.texture_coords.x == 1.0 {

crates/render/src/globaluniform/globaluniform.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
-use galactica_util::constants::{IMAGE_LIMIT, OBJECT_SPRITE_INSTANCE_LIMIT, SPRITE_LIMIT};
+use galactica_util::constants::{IMAGE_LIMIT, OBJECT_SPRITE_INSTANCE_LIMIT};
 use wgpu;
 
-use super::{object::ObjectLocationArray, AtlasArray, GlobalDataContent, SpriteDataArray};
+use super::{object::ObjectLocationArray, AtlasArray, GlobalDataContent};
 
 pub struct GlobalUniform {
 	pub data_buffer: wgpu::Buffer,
 	pub atlas_buffer: wgpu::Buffer,
-	pub sprite_buffer: wgpu::Buffer,
 	pub object_buffer: wgpu::Buffer,
 	pub bind_group: wgpu::BindGroup,
 	pub bind_group_layout: wgpu::BindGroupLayout,
@@ -70,35 +69,10 @@ impl GlobalUniform {
 		// `Buffer is bound with size 3456 where the shader expects 5184 in group[1] compact index 2`
 		// More notes are in datacontent
 
-		// Sprite data
-		out.push_str(&format!(
-			r#"
-			@group({group}) @binding(2)
-			var<uniform> global_sprites: array<SpriteData, {SPRITE_LIMIT}>;
-			"#
-		));
-		out.push_str("\n");
-		out.push_str(
-			r#"
-			struct SpriteData {
-				frame_count: u32,
-				repeatmode: u32,
-				aspect: f32,
-				frame_duration: f32,
-				first_frame: u32,
-
-				padding_a: f32,
-				padding_b: f32,
-				padding_c: f32,
-			};
-			"#,
-		);
-		out.push_str("\n");
-
 		// Object location data
 		out.push_str(&format!(
 			r#"
-			@group({group}) @binding(3)
+			@group({group}) @binding(2)
 			var<uniform> objects: array<ObjectData, {OBJECT_SPRITE_INSTANCE_LIMIT}>;
 			"#
 		));
@@ -138,13 +112,6 @@ impl GlobalUniform {
 			mapped_at_creation: false,
 		});
 
-		let sprite_buffer = device.create_buffer(&wgpu::BufferDescriptor {
-			label: Some("global uniform sprite buffer"),
-			size: SpriteDataArray::SIZE,
-			usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::UNIFORM | wgpu::BufferUsages::COPY_DST,
-			mapped_at_creation: false,
-		});
-
 		let object_buffer = device.create_buffer(&wgpu::BufferDescriptor {
 			label: Some("global uniform object buffer"),
 			size: ObjectLocationArray::SIZE,
@@ -184,16 +151,6 @@ impl GlobalUniform {
 					},
 					count: None,
 				},
-				wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry {
-					binding: 3,
-					visibility: wgpu::ShaderStages::VERTEX_FRAGMENT,
-					ty: wgpu::BindingType::Buffer {
-						ty: wgpu::BufferBindingType::Uniform,
-						has_dynamic_offset: false,
-						min_binding_size: None,
-					},
-					count: None,
-				},
 			],
 			label: Some("global uniform bind group layout"),
 		});
@@ -211,10 +168,6 @@ impl GlobalUniform {
 				},
 				wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
 					binding: 2,
-					resource: sprite_buffer.as_entire_binding(),
-				},
-				wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
-					binding: 3,
 					resource: object_buffer.as_entire_binding(),
 				},
 			],
@@ -224,7 +177,6 @@ impl GlobalUniform {
 		return Self {
 			data_buffer,
 			atlas_buffer,
-			sprite_buffer,
 			object_buffer,
 			bind_group,
 			bind_group_layout,

crates/render/src/globaluniform/mod.rs

@@ -2,10 +2,8 @@ mod atlas;
 mod data;
 mod globaluniform;
 mod object;
-mod sprite;
 
 pub use atlas::{AtlasArray, AtlasImageLocation};
 pub use data::GlobalDataContent;
 pub use globaluniform::GlobalUniform;
 pub use object::ObjectData;
-pub use sprite::{SpriteData, SpriteDataArray};

crates/render/src/globaluniform/sprite.rs

@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-use bytemuck::{Pod, Zeroable};
-use galactica_util::constants::SPRITE_LIMIT;
-use std::mem;
-use wgpu;
-
-#[repr(C)]
-#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Pod, Zeroable, Default)]
-pub struct SpriteData {
-	// Animation parameters
-	pub frame_count: u32,
-	pub repeatmode: u32,
-	pub aspect: f32,
-	pub frame_duration: f32,
-
-	// Index of first frame in ImageLocationArray
-	pub first_frame: u32,
-	// stride must be a multiple of 16
-	pub _padding: [f32; 3],
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
-pub struct SpriteDataArray {
-	pub data: [SpriteData; SPRITE_LIMIT as usize],
-}
-
-unsafe impl Pod for SpriteDataArray {}
-unsafe impl Zeroable for SpriteDataArray {
-	fn zeroed() -> Self {
-		Self {
-			data: [SpriteData::zeroed(); SPRITE_LIMIT as usize],
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-impl Default for SpriteDataArray {
-	fn default() -> Self {
-		Self::zeroed()
-	}
-}
-
-impl SpriteDataArray {
-	pub const SIZE: u64 = mem::size_of::<Self>() as wgpu::BufferAddress;
-}

crates/render/src/gpustate/mod.rs

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ pub struct GPUState {
 
 	object_pipeline: wgpu::RenderPipeline,
 	starfield_pipeline: wgpu::RenderPipeline,
-	particle_pipeline: wgpu::RenderPipeline,
+	//particle_pipeline: wgpu::RenderPipeline,
 	ui_pipeline: wgpu::RenderPipeline,
 	radialbar_pipeline: wgpu::RenderPipeline,
 
@@ -57,12 +57,7 @@ impl GPUState {
 		self.state.queue.write_buffer(
 			&self.state.global_uniform.atlas_buffer,
 			0,
-			bytemuck::cast_slice(&[self.texture_array.image_locations]),
+			bytemuck::cast_slice(&[self.texture_array.texture_atlas]),
-		);
-		self.state.queue.write_buffer(
-			&self.state.global_uniform.sprite_buffer,
-			0,
-			bytemuck::cast_slice(&[self.texture_array.sprite_data]),
 		);
 
 		self.starfield.update_buffer(ct, &mut self.state);

crates/render/src/gpustate/new.rs

@@ -167,6 +167,7 @@ impl GPUState {
 			.set_bind_group_layouts(bind_group_layouts)
 			.build();
 
+		/*
 		let particle_pipeline = PipelineBuilder::new("particle", &device)
 			.set_shader(&preprocess_shader(
 				&include_str!(concat!(
@@ -181,7 +182,7 @@ impl GPUState {
 			.set_triangle(true)
 			.set_vertex_buffer(vertex_buffers.get_particle())
 			.set_bind_group_layouts(bind_group_layouts)
-			.build();
+			.build();*/
 
 		let radialbar_pipeline = PipelineBuilder::new("radialbar", &device)
 			.set_shader(&preprocess_shader(
@@ -228,7 +229,7 @@ impl GPUState {
 			object_pipeline,
 			starfield_pipeline,
 			ui_pipeline,
-			particle_pipeline,
+			//particle_pipeline,
 			radialbar_pipeline,
 
 			state,

crates/render/src/gpustate/phys.rs

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ impl GPUState {
 			let ship_pos;
 			let ship_ang;
 			let ship_cnt;
-			match ship.data.get_state() {
+			match ship.get_data().get_state() {
 				ShipState::Dead | ShipState::Landed { .. } => continue,
 
 				ShipState::Collapsing { .. } | ShipState::Flying { .. } => {
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ impl GPUState {
 					ship_pos = Point3::new(pos.x, pos.y, 1.0);
 					let ship_rot = r.rotation();
 					ship_ang = ship_rot.angle();
-					ship_cnt = state.ct.get_ship(ship.data.get_content());
+					ship_cnt = state.ct.get_ship(ship.get_data().get_content());
 				}
 
 				ShipState::UnLanding { current_z, .. } | ShipState::Landing { current_z, .. } => {
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ impl GPUState {
 					ship_pos = Point3::new(pos.x, pos.y, *current_z);
 					let ship_rot = r.rotation();
 					ship_ang = ship_rot.angle();
-					ship_cnt = state.ct.get_ship(ship.data.get_content());
+					ship_cnt = state.ct.get_ship(ship.get_data().get_content());
 				}
 			}
 
@@ -84,22 +84,23 @@ impl GPUState {
 			);
 
 			// Push this object's instance
+			let anim_state = ship.get_anim_state();
 			self.state.push_object_buffer(ObjectInstance {
-				sprite_index: ship_cnt.sprite.get_index(),
+				texture_index: anim_state.texture_index(),
+				texture_fade: anim_state.fade,
 				object_index: idx as u32,
 			});
 
-			let flare = ship.data.get_outfits().get_flare_sprite(state.ct);
 			if {
-				let is_flying = match ship.data.get_state() {
+				let is_flying = match ship.get_data().get_state() {
 					ShipState::Flying { .. }
 					| ShipState::UnLanding { .. }
 					| ShipState::Landing { .. } => true,
 					_ => false,
 				};
-				ship.get_controls().thrust && flare.is_some() && is_flying
+				ship.get_controls().thrust && is_flying
 			} {
-				for engine_point in &ship_cnt.engines {
+				for (engine_point, anim) in ship.iter_engine_anim() {
 					self.state.queue.write_buffer(
 						&self.state.global_uniform.object_buffer,
 						ObjectData::SIZE * self.state.get_object_counter() as u64,
@@ -122,8 +123,10 @@ impl GPUState {
 						}]),
 					);
 
+					let anim_state = anim.get_texture_idx();
 					self.state.push_object_buffer(ObjectInstance {
-						sprite_index: flare.unwrap().get_index(),
+						texture_index: anim_state.texture_index(),
+						texture_fade: anim_state.fade,
 						object_index: self.state.get_object_counter() as u32,
 					});
 				}
@@ -182,9 +185,10 @@ impl GPUState {
 				}]),
 			);
 
-			// Push this object's instance
+			let anim_state = p.get_anim_state();
 			self.state.push_object_buffer(ObjectInstance {
-				sprite_index: proj_cnt.sprite.get_index(),
+				texture_index: anim_state.texture_index(),
+				texture_fade: anim_state.fade,
 				object_index: idx as u32,
 			});
 		}
@@ -235,9 +239,13 @@ impl GPUState {
 				}]),
 			);
 
+			let sprite = state.ct.get_sprite(o.sprite);
+			let texture_a = sprite.get_first_frame(); // ANIMATE
+
 			// Push this object's instance
 			self.state.push_object_buffer(ObjectInstance {
-				sprite_index: o.sprite.get_index(),
+				texture_index: [texture_a, texture_a],
+				texture_fade: 1.0,
 				object_index: idx as u32,
 			});
 		}

crates/render/src/gpustate/render.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use anyhow::Result;
 use bytemuck;
+use galactica_system::{data::ShipState, phys::PhysSimShipHandle};
 use galactica_util::constants::PARTICLE_SPRITE_INSTANCE_LIMIT;
 use glyphon::Resolution;
 use nalgebra::Point2;
@@ -12,9 +13,9 @@ use crate::{
 	RenderInput,
 };
 
-impl super::GPUState {
+impl<'a> super::GPUState {
-	/// Main render function. Draws sprites on a window.
+	/// Render routines while player is flying
-	pub fn render(&mut self, input: RenderInput) -> Result<(), wgpu::SurfaceError> {
+	fn render_flying(&'a mut self, input: &RenderInput) -> Result<()> {
 		let output = self.surface.get_current_texture()?;
 		let view = output.texture.create_view(&Default::default());
 
@@ -45,45 +46,19 @@ impl super::GPUState {
 			timestamp_writes: None,
 		});
 
-		self.state.frame_reset();
-		let s = input.ct.get_starfield_handle();
-
-		// Update global values
-		self.state.queue.write_buffer(
-			&self.state.global_uniform.data_buffer,
-			0,
-			bytemuck::cast_slice(&[GlobalDataContent {
-				camera_position: input.camera_pos.into(),
-				camera_zoom: [input.camera_zoom, 0.0],
-				camera_zoom_limits: [
-					input.ct.get_config().zoom_min,
-					input.ct.get_config().zoom_max,
-				],
-				window_size: [
-					self.state.window_size.width as f32,
-					self.state.window_size.height as f32,
-				],
-				window_scale: [self.state.window.scale_factor() as f32, 0.0],
-				window_aspect: [self.state.window_aspect, 0.0],
-				starfield_sprite: [s.get_index(), 0],
-				starfield_tile_size: [input.ct.get_config().starfield_size, 0.0],
-				starfield_size_limits: [
-					input.ct.get_config().starfield_min_size,
-					input.ct.get_config().starfield_max_size,
-				],
-				current_time: [input.current_time, 0.0],
-			}]),
-		);
-
 		// Write all new particles to GPU buffer
 		for i in input.particles.iter() {
+			let sprite = input.ct.get_sprite(i.sprite);
+			let texture_a = sprite.get_first_frame(); // ANIMATE
+
 			self.state.push_particle_buffer(ParticleInstance {
 				position: [i.pos.x, i.pos.y],
 				velocity: i.velocity.into(),
 				angle: i.angle,
 				angvel: i.angvel,
 				size: i.size,
-				sprite_index: i.sprite.get_index(),
+				texture_index: [texture_a, texture_a],
+				texture_fade: 1.0,
 				created: input.current_time,
 				expires: input.current_time + i.lifetime,
 				fade: i.fade,
@@ -134,6 +109,7 @@ impl super::GPUState {
 			0..self.state.get_object_counter(),
 		);
 
+		/*
 		// Particle pipeline
 		self.state
 			.vertex_buffers
@@ -144,7 +120,7 @@ impl super::GPUState {
 			0..SPRITE_INDICES.len() as u32,
 			0,
 			0..PARTICLE_SPRITE_INSTANCE_LIMIT as _,
-		);
+		); */
 
 		// Ui pipeline
 		self.state
@@ -171,7 +147,7 @@ impl super::GPUState {
 			0..self.state.get_radialbar_counter(),
 		);
 
-		let textareas = self.ui.get_textareas(&input, &self.state);
+		let textareas = self.ui.get_textareas_flying(input, &self.state);
 		self.state
 			.text_renderer
 			.prepare(
@@ -193,13 +169,175 @@ impl super::GPUState {
 			.render(&self.state.text_atlas, &mut render_pass)
 			.unwrap();
 
-		// begin_render_pass borrows encoder mutably, so we can't call finish()
+		// begin_render_pass borrows encoder mutably,
-		// without dropping this variable.
+		// so we need to drop it before calling finish.
 		drop(render_pass);
 
 		self.state.queue.submit(iter::once(encoder.finish()));
 		output.present();
 
-		Ok(())
+		return Ok(());
+	}
+
+	/// Render routines while player is landed
+	fn render_landed(&'a mut self, input: &RenderInput) -> Result<()> {
+		let output = self.surface.get_current_texture()?;
+		let view = output.texture.create_view(&Default::default());
+
+		let mut encoder = self
+			.device
+			.create_command_encoder(&wgpu::CommandEncoderDescriptor {
+				label: Some("render encoder"),
+			});
+
+		let mut render_pass = encoder.begin_render_pass(&wgpu::RenderPassDescriptor {
+			label: Some("render pass"),
+
+			color_attachments: &[Some(wgpu::RenderPassColorAttachment {
+				view: &view,
+				resolve_target: None,
+				ops: wgpu::Operations {
+					load: wgpu::LoadOp::Clear(wgpu::Color {
+						r: 0.0,
+						g: 0.0,
+						b: 0.0,
+						a: 1.0,
+					}),
+					store: wgpu::StoreOp::Store,
+				},
+			})],
+			depth_stencil_attachment: None,
+			occlusion_query_set: None,
+			timestamp_writes: None,
+		});
+
+		// Create sprite instances
+		self.ui.draw(&input, &mut self.state);
+
+		// These should match the indices in each shader,
+		// and should each have a corresponding bind group layout.
+		render_pass.set_bind_group(0, &self.texture_array.bind_group, &[]);
+		render_pass.set_bind_group(1, &self.state.global_uniform.bind_group, &[]);
+
+		// Starfield pipeline
+		self.state
+			.vertex_buffers
+			.get_starfield()
+			.set_in_pass(&mut render_pass);
+		render_pass.set_pipeline(&self.starfield_pipeline);
+		render_pass.draw_indexed(
+			0..SPRITE_INDICES.len() as u32,
+			0,
+			0..self.state.get_starfield_counter(),
+		);
+
+		// Ui pipeline
+		self.state
+			.vertex_buffers
+			.get_ui()
+			.set_in_pass(&mut render_pass);
+		render_pass.set_pipeline(&self.ui_pipeline);
+		render_pass.draw_indexed(
+			0..SPRITE_INDICES.len() as u32,
+			0,
+			0..self.state.get_ui_counter(),
+		);
+
+		// Radial progress bars
+		self.state
+			.vertex_buffers
+			.get_radialbar()
+			.set_in_pass(&mut render_pass);
+		render_pass.set_pipeline(&self.radialbar_pipeline);
+		render_pass.draw_indexed(
+			0..SPRITE_INDICES.len() as u32,
+			0,
+			0..self.state.get_radialbar_counter(),
+		);
+
+		let textareas = self.ui.get_textareas_landed(input, &self.state);
+		self.state
+			.text_renderer
+			.prepare(
+				&self.device,
+				&self.state.queue,
+				&mut self.state.text_font_system,
+				&mut self.state.text_atlas,
+				Resolution {
+					width: self.state.window_size.width,
+					height: self.state.window_size.height,
+				},
+				textareas,
+				&mut self.state.text_cache,
+			)
+			.unwrap();
+
+		self.state
+			.text_renderer
+			.render(&self.state.text_atlas, &mut render_pass)
+			.unwrap();
+
+		// begin_render_pass borrows encoder mutably,
+		// so we need to drop it before calling finish.
+		drop(render_pass);
+
+		self.state.queue.submit(iter::once(encoder.finish()));
+		output.present();
+
+		return Ok(());
+	}
+
+	/// Main render function. Draws sprites on a window.
+	pub fn render(&mut self, input: RenderInput) -> Result<(), wgpu::SurfaceError> {
+		// Update global values
+		self.state.queue.write_buffer(
+			&self.state.global_uniform.data_buffer,
+			0,
+			bytemuck::cast_slice(&[GlobalDataContent {
+				camera_position: input.camera_pos.into(),
+				camera_zoom: [input.camera_zoom, 0.0],
+				camera_zoom_limits: [
+					input.ct.get_config().zoom_min,
+					input.ct.get_config().zoom_max,
+				],
+				window_size: [
+					self.state.window_size.width as f32,
+					self.state.window_size.height as f32,
+				],
+				window_scale: [self.state.window.scale_factor() as f32, 0.0],
+				window_aspect: [self.state.window_aspect, 0.0],
+				starfield_sprite: [input.ct.get_config().starfield_texture, 0],
+				starfield_tile_size: [input.ct.get_config().starfield_size, 0.0],
+				starfield_size_limits: [
+					input.ct.get_config().starfield_min_size,
+					input.ct.get_config().starfield_max_size,
+				],
+				current_time: [input.current_time, 0.0],
+			}]),
+		);
+
+		self.state.frame_reset();
+
+		match input
+			.systemsim
+			.get_ship(&PhysSimShipHandle(input.player.ship.unwrap()))
+			.unwrap()
+			.get_data()
+			.get_state()
+		{
+			ShipState::Collapsing
+			| ShipState::Dead
+			| ShipState::Landing { .. }
+			| ShipState::UnLanding { .. }
+			| ShipState::Flying { .. } => {
+				self.render_flying(&input).unwrap();
+			}
+
+			ShipState::Landed { .. } => {
+				self.render_landed(&input).unwrap();
+			}
+		}
+
+		return Ok(());
 	}
 }

crates/render/src/shaderprocessor.rs

@@ -13,15 +13,6 @@ pub(crate) fn preprocess_shader(
 	);
 
 	// Insert common functions
-	let shader = shader.replace(
-		"// INCLUDE: animate.wgsl",
-		&include_str!(concat!(
-			env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"),
-			"/shaders/include/",
-			"animate.wgsl"
-		)),
-	);
-
 	let shader = shader.replace(
 		"// INCLUDE: anchor.wgsl",
 		&include_str!(concat!(

crates/render/src/texturearray.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use crate::globaluniform::{AtlasArray, AtlasImageLocation, SpriteData, SpriteDataArray};
+use crate::globaluniform::{AtlasArray, AtlasImageLocation};
 use anyhow::Result;
 use bytemuck::Zeroable;
 use galactica_content::Content;
@@ -84,8 +84,7 @@ pub struct Texture {
 pub struct TextureArray {
 	pub bind_group: wgpu::BindGroup,
 	pub bind_group_layout: BindGroupLayout,
-	pub image_locations: AtlasArray,
+	pub texture_atlas: AtlasArray,
-	pub sprite_data: SpriteDataArray,
 }
 
 impl TextureArray {
@@ -93,49 +92,36 @@ impl TextureArray {
 		// Load all textures
 		let mut texture_data = Vec::new();
 
-		for a in ct.atlas_files() {
+		for file in ct.atlas_files() {
-			println!("opening {a}");
+			println!("opening {file}");
 			let p = Path::new(ASSET_CACHE);
-			let mut f = File::open(p.join(a))?;
+			let mut f = File::open(p.join(file))?;
 			let mut bytes = Vec::new();
 			f.read_to_end(&mut bytes)?;
 			texture_data.push(RawTexture::from_bytes(
 				&device,
 				&queue,
 				&bytes,
-				&format!("Atlas `{a}`"),
+				&format!("Atlas `{file}`"),
 			)?);
 		}
 
 		let mut image_locations = AtlasArray::zeroed();
-		let mut sprite_data = SpriteDataArray::zeroed();
 
 		println!("sending to gpu");
-		let mut image_counter = 0;
+		for sprite in &ct.sprites {
-		let mut sprite_counter = 0;
+			for section in sprite.iter_sections() {
-		for t in &ct.sprites {
+				for idx in &section.frames {
-			sprite_data.data[sprite_counter] = SpriteData {
+					let image = ct.get_image(*idx);
-				frame_count: t.frames.len() as u32,
+					image_locations.data[*idx as usize] = AtlasImageLocation {
-				repeatmode: t.repeat.as_int(),
+						xpos: image.x,
-				aspect: t.aspect,
+						ypos: image.y,
-				frame_duration: t.frame_duration,
+						width: image.w,
-				first_frame: image_counter,
+						height: image.h,
-				_padding: Default::default(),
+						atlas_texture: image.atlas,
-			};
+						_padding: Default::default(),
-			sprite_counter += 1;
+					};
-
+				}
-			// Insert texture location data
-			for path in &t.frames {
-				let image = ct.get_image(&path);
-				image_locations.data[image_counter as usize] = AtlasImageLocation {
-					xpos: image.x,
-					ypos: image.y,
-					width: image.w,
-					height: image.h,
-					atlas_texture: image.atlas,
-					_padding: Default::default(),
-				};
-				image_counter += 1;
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -192,8 +178,7 @@ impl TextureArray {
 		return Ok(Self {
 			bind_group,
 			bind_group_layout,
-			image_locations,
+			texture_atlas: image_locations,
-			sprite_data,
 		});
 	}
 }

crates/render/src/ui/manager.rs

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ impl UiManager {
 
 		self.fps.update(input, state);
 
-		match ship.data.get_state() {
+		match ship.get_data().get_state() {
 			ShipState::Collapsing
 			| ShipState::Dead
 			| ShipState::Flying { .. }
@@ -48,23 +48,22 @@ impl UiManager {
 		}
 	}
 
-	pub fn get_textareas(&self, input: &RenderInput, state: &RenderState) -> Vec<TextArea> {
+	/// Textareas to show while player is flying
+	pub fn get_textareas_flying(
+		&self,
+		_input: &RenderInput,
+		_state: &RenderState,
+	) -> Vec<TextArea> {
 		let mut v = Vec::with_capacity(5);
+		v.push(self.fps.get_textarea());
 
-		let ship_handle = input.player.ship.unwrap();
+		return v;
-		let ship = input
+	}
-			.systemsim
-			.get_ship(&PhysSimShipHandle(ship_handle))
-			.unwrap();
-		match ship.data.get_state() {
-			ShipState::Collapsing
-			| ShipState::Dead
-			| ShipState::Flying { .. }
-			| ShipState::Landing { .. }
-			| ShipState::UnLanding { .. } => v.push(self.fps.get_textarea()),
 
-			ShipState::Landed { .. } => v.extend(self.planet.get_textarea(input, state)),
+	/// Textareas to show when player is landed
-		};
+	pub fn get_textareas_landed(&self, input: &RenderInput, state: &RenderState) -> Vec<TextArea> {
+		let mut v = Vec::with_capacity(5);
+		v.extend(self.planet.get_textarea(input, state));
 
 		return v;
 	}

crates/render/src/ui/planet.rs

@@ -1,42 +1,62 @@
 use galactica_content::{Content, SystemObject, SystemObjectHandle};
 use galactica_system::{data::ShipState, phys::PhysSimShipHandle};
-use galactica_util::to_radians;
 use glyphon::{cosmic_text::Align, Attrs, Color, Metrics, TextArea, Weight};
 use nalgebra::{Point2, Vector2};
 
-use super::util::{SpriteRect, UiImage, UiTextArea};
+use super::util::{SpriteRect, UiSprite, UiTextArea};
-use crate::{vertexbuffer::types::UiInstance, PositionAnchor, RenderInput, RenderState};
+use crate::{RenderInput, RenderState};
 
 pub(super) struct Planet {
 	// UI elements
 	planet_desc: UiTextArea,
 	planet_name: UiTextArea,
-	landscape: UiImage,
+	sprite: UiSprite,
-
-	// Height of whole element,in logical pixels
-	size: f32,
 
 	/// What object we're displaying currently.
 	/// Whenever this changes, we need to reflow text.
 	current_object: Option<SystemObjectHandle>,
 }
 
-// TODO: no scroll
 // TODO: animate in/out
 
 impl Planet {
 	pub fn new(ct: &Content, state: &mut RenderState) -> Self {
-		let size = 800.0;
+		let mut sprite = UiSprite::new(
+			ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::planet"),
+			None,
+			SpriteRect {
+				pos: Point2::new(0.0, 0.0),
+				dim: Vector2::new(800.0, 800.0),
+			},
+		);
+
+		sprite.add_child_under(Box::new(UiSprite::new(
+			ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::landscape::test"),
+			Some(ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::landscapemask")),
+			SpriteRect {
+				pos: Point2::new(32.0, 75.0) / 512.0,
+				dim: Vector2::new(344.0, 173.0) / 512.0,
+			},
+		)));
+
+		sprite.add_child_under(Box::new(UiSprite::new(
+			ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::planet::button"),
+			None,
+			SpriteRect {
+				pos: Point2::new(375.0, 90.0) / 512.0,
+				dim: Vector2::new(113.569, 20.0) / 512.0,
+			},
+		)));
+
 		let s = Self {
 			// height of element in logical pixels
-			size,
 			current_object: None,
 
 			planet_desc: UiTextArea::new(
 				state,
 				ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::planet"),
 				Point2::new(0.0, 0.0),
-				size,
+				800.0,
 				SpriteRect {
 					pos: Point2::new(25.831, 284.883) / 512.0,
 					dim: Vector2::new(433.140, 97.220) / 512.0,
@@ -50,7 +70,7 @@ impl Planet {
 				state,
 				ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::planet"),
 				Point2::new(0.0, 0.0),
-				size,
+				800.0,
 				SpriteRect {
 					pos: Point2::new(165.506, 82.0) / 512.0,
 					dim: Vector2::new(74.883, 17.0) / 512.0,
@@ -60,17 +80,9 @@ impl Planet {
 				Align::Center,
 			),
 
-			landscape: UiImage::new(
+			// TODO: use both dimensions,
-				ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::planet"),
+			// not just height
-				Point2::new(0.0, 0.0),
+			sprite,
-				size,
-				ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::landscape::test"),
-				ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::landscapemask"),
-				SpriteRect {
-					pos: Point2::new(32.031, 75.587) / 512.0,
-					dim: Vector2::new(342.811, 171.402) / 512.0,
-				},
-			),
 		};
 
 		return s;
@@ -104,7 +116,7 @@ impl Planet {
 			.systemsim
 			.get_ship(&PhysSimShipHandle(ship_handle))
 			.unwrap();
-		let planet_handle = match ship_data.data.get_state() {
+		let planet_handle = match ship_data.get_data().get_state() {
 			ShipState::Landed { target } => *target,
 			_ => unreachable!("tried to draw planet interface while not landed!"),
 		};
@@ -120,16 +132,7 @@ impl Planet {
 		}
 
 		// Draw elements
-		self.landscape.push_to_buffer(state);
+		self.sprite.push_to_buffer(input, state);
-		state.push_ui_buffer(UiInstance {
-			anchor: PositionAnchor::CC.to_int(),
-			position: [0.0, 0.0],
-			angle: to_radians(90.0),
-			size: self.size,
-			color: [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0],
-			sprite_index: input.ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::planet").get_index(),
-			mask_index: [0, 0],
-		});
 	}
 
 	pub fn get_textarea(&self, _input: &RenderInput, state: &RenderState) -> [TextArea; 2] {

crates/render/src/ui/radar.rs

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ impl Radar {
 			))
 			.unwrap();
 
-		match player_ship.data.get_state() {
+		match player_ship.get_data().get_state() {
 			ShipState::Dead => {}
 
 			ShipState::Landed { target } => {
@@ -60,6 +60,9 @@ impl Radar {
 		let ship_sprite = input.ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::shipblip");
 		let arrow_sprite = input.ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::centerarrow");
 
+		let sprite = input.ct.get_sprite(input.ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::radar"));
+		let texture_a = sprite.get_first_frame(); // ANIMATE
+
 		// Push this object's instance
 		state.push_ui_buffer(UiInstance {
 			anchor: PositionAnchor::NwNw.to_int(),
@@ -67,7 +70,8 @@ impl Radar {
 			angle: 0.0,
 			size: radar_size,
 			color: [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0],
-			sprite_index: input.ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::radar").get_index(),
+			texture_index: [texture_a, texture_a],
+			texture_fade: 1.0,
 			mask_index: [0, 0],
 		});
 
@@ -87,6 +91,9 @@ impl Radar {
 					continue;
 				}
 
+				let sprite = input.ct.get_sprite(planet_sprite);
+				let texture_a = sprite.get_first_frame(); // ANIMATE
+
 				// Push this object's instance
 				state.push_ui_buffer(UiInstance {
 					anchor: PositionAnchor::NwC.to_int(),
@@ -96,7 +103,8 @@ impl Radar {
 					angle: o.angle,
 					size,
 					color: [0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 1.0],
-					sprite_index: planet_sprite.get_index(),
+					texture_index: [texture_a, texture_a],
+					texture_fade: 1.0,
 					mask_index: [0, 0],
 				})
 			};
@@ -104,8 +112,8 @@ impl Radar {
 
 		// Draw ships
 		for (s, r) in input.systemsim.iter_ship_body() {
-			let ship = input.ct.get_ship(s.data.get_content());
+			let ship = input.ct.get_ship(s.get_data().get_content());
-			let (color, z_scale) = match s.data.get_state() {
+			let (color, z_scale) = match s.get_data().get_state() {
 				ShipState::Dead | ShipState::Landed { .. } => {
 					continue;
 				}
@@ -121,7 +129,7 @@ impl Radar {
 					([0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 1.0], 1.0)
 				}
 				ShipState::Flying { .. } => {
-					let c = input.ct.get_faction(s.data.get_faction()).color;
+					let c = input.ct.get_faction(s.get_data().get_faction()).color;
 					([c[0], c[1], c[2], 1.0], 1.0)
 				}
 			};
@@ -144,13 +152,17 @@ impl Radar {
 				let position = Point2::new(radar_size / 2.0 + 10.0, radar_size / -2.0 - 10.0)
 					+ (d * (radar_size / 2.0));
 
+				let sprite = input.ct.get_sprite(ship_sprite);
+				let texture_a = sprite.get_first_frame(); // ANIMATE
+
 				state.push_ui_buffer(UiInstance {
 					anchor: PositionAnchor::NwC.to_int(),
 					position: position.into(),
 					angle: r.rotation().angle(),
 					size,
 					color,
-					sprite_index: ship_sprite.get_index(),
+					texture_index: [texture_a, texture_a],
+					texture_fade: 1.0,
 					mask_index: [0, 0],
 				});
 			}
@@ -168,6 +180,9 @@ impl Radar {
 			let sprite = input.ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::radarframe");
 			let size = 7.0f32.min((0.8 - m) * 70.0);
 
+			let sprite = input.ct.get_sprite(sprite);
+			let texture_a = sprite.get_first_frame(); // ANIMATE
+
 			state.push_ui_buffer(UiInstance {
 				anchor: PositionAnchor::NwNw.to_int(),
 				position: Point2::new(
@@ -178,7 +193,8 @@ impl Radar {
 				angle: to_radians(90.0),
 				size,
 				color,
-				sprite_index: sprite.get_index(),
+				texture_index: [texture_a, texture_a],
+				texture_fade: 1.0,
 				mask_index: [0, 0],
 			});
 
@@ -192,7 +208,8 @@ impl Radar {
 				angle: to_radians(180.0),
 				size,
 				color,
-				sprite_index: sprite.get_index(),
+				texture_index: [texture_a, texture_a],
+				texture_fade: 1.0,
 				mask_index: [0, 0],
 			});
 
@@ -206,7 +223,8 @@ impl Radar {
 				angle: to_radians(270.0),
 				size,
 				color,
-				sprite_index: sprite.get_index(),
+				texture_index: [texture_a, texture_a],
+				texture_fade: 1.0,
 				mask_index: [0, 0],
 			});
 
@@ -220,7 +238,8 @@ impl Radar {
 				angle: to_radians(0.0),
 				size,
 				color,
-				sprite_index: sprite.get_index(),
+				texture_index: [texture_a, texture_a],
+				texture_fade: 1.0,
 				mask_index: [0, 0],
 			});
 		}
@@ -233,13 +252,17 @@ impl Radar {
 			let position = Point2::new(10.0 + (radar_size / 2.0), -10.0 - (radar_size / 2.0))
 				+ Rotation2::new(angle) * Vector2::new(0.915 * (radar_size / 2.0), 0.0);
 
+			let sprite = input.ct.get_sprite(arrow_sprite);
+			let texture_a = sprite.get_first_frame(); // ANIMATE
+
 			state.push_ui_buffer(UiInstance {
 				anchor: PositionAnchor::NwC.to_int(),
 				position: position.into(),
 				angle,
 				size: 10.0,
 				color: [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1f32.min((m - 200.0) / 400.0)],
-				sprite_index: arrow_sprite.get_index(),
+				texture_index: [texture_a, texture_a],
+				texture_fade: 1.0,
 				mask_index: [0, 0],
 			});
 		}

crates/render/src/ui/status.rs

@@ -26,32 +26,38 @@ impl Status {
 			))
 			.unwrap();
 
-		match player_ship.data.get_state() {
+		match player_ship.get_data().get_state() {
 			ShipState::Dead => {
 				current_shields = 0.0;
 				current_hull = 0.0;
-				max_shields = player_ship.data.get_outfits().get_shield_strength();
+				max_shields = player_ship.get_data().get_outfits().get_shield_strength();
-				max_hull = input.ct.get_ship(player_ship.data.get_content()).hull;
+				max_hull = input.ct.get_ship(player_ship.get_data().get_content()).hull;
 			}
 			ShipState::UnLanding { .. }
 			| ShipState::Landing { .. }
 			| ShipState::Landed { .. }
 			| ShipState::Collapsing { .. }
 			| ShipState::Flying { .. } => {
-				current_shields = player_ship.data.get_shields();
+				current_shields = player_ship.get_data().get_shields();
-				current_hull = player_ship.data.get_hull();
+				current_hull = player_ship.get_data().get_hull();
-				max_shields = player_ship.data.get_outfits().get_shield_strength();
+				max_shields = player_ship.get_data().get_outfits().get_shield_strength();
-				max_hull = input.ct.get_ship(player_ship.data.get_content()).hull;
+				max_hull = input.ct.get_ship(player_ship.get_data().get_content()).hull;
 			}
 		}
 
+		let sprite = input
+			.ct
+			.get_sprite(input.ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::status"));
+		let texture_a = sprite.get_first_frame(); // ANIMATE
+
 		state.push_ui_buffer(UiInstance {
 			anchor: PositionAnchor::NeNe.to_int(),
 			position: [-10.0, -10.0],
 			angle: 0.0,
 			size: 200.0,
 			color: [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0],
-			sprite_index: input.ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::status").get_index(),
+			texture_index: [texture_a, texture_a],
+			texture_fade: 1.0,
 			mask_index: [0, 0],
 		});
 

crates/render/src/ui/util/image.rs

@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-use galactica_content::SpriteHandle;
-use galactica_util::to_radians;
-use nalgebra::{Point2, Vector2};
-
-use super::SpriteRect;
-use crate::{vertexbuffer::types::UiInstance, PositionAnchor, RenderState};
-
-pub struct UiImage {
-	parent: SpriteHandle,
-	parent_position: Point2<f32>,
-	parent_size: f32,
-
-	inner: SpriteHandle,
-	mask: SpriteHandle,
-	rect: SpriteRect,
-}
-
-impl UiImage {
-	pub fn new(
-		parent: SpriteHandle,
-		parent_position: Point2<f32>,
-		parent_size: f32,
-		inner: SpriteHandle,
-		mask: SpriteHandle,
-		rect: SpriteRect,
-	) -> Self {
-		return Self {
-			parent,
-			parent_position,
-			parent_size,
-			inner,
-			mask,
-			rect,
-		};
-	}
-
-	/// Add this image to the gpu sprite buffer
-	pub fn push_to_buffer(&self, state: &mut RenderState) {
-		let h = self.parent_size;
-		let w = self.parent.aspect * h;
-
-		let zero = Point2::new(
-			self.parent_position.x - (w / 2.0),
-			self.parent_position.y + (h / 2.0),
-		);
-
-		let pos = zero + Vector2::new(self.rect.pos.x * w, -self.rect.pos.y * h);
-		let dim = Vector2::new(self.rect.dim.x * w, self.rect.dim.y * h);
-
-		state.push_ui_buffer(UiInstance {
-			anchor: PositionAnchor::CNw.to_int(),
-			position: pos.into(),
-			angle: to_radians(90.0),
-			size: dim.y,
-			color: [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0],
-			sprite_index: self.inner.get_index(),
-			mask_index: [1, self.mask.get_index()],
-		});
-	}
-}

crates/render/src/ui/util/mod.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
-mod image;
+mod sprite;
 mod textarea;
 
-pub(super) use image::UiImage;
+pub(super) use sprite::UiSprite;
 pub(super) use textarea::UiTextArea;
 
 use nalgebra::{Point2, Vector2};
 
+use crate::{RenderInput, RenderState};
+
 /// Represents a rectangular region inside a sprite.
 pub(crate) struct SpriteRect {
 	/// The position of the top-left corner of this rectangle, in fractional units.
@@ -16,3 +18,13 @@ pub(crate) struct SpriteRect {
 	/// 1.0 will be as tall as the sprite, 0.5 will be half as tall
 	pub dim: Vector2<f32>,
 }
+
+pub(super) trait UiElement {
+	fn push_to_buffer_child(
+		&self,
+		input: &RenderInput,
+		state: &mut RenderState,
+		parent_pos: Point2<f32>,
+		parent_size: Vector2<f32>,
+	);
+}

crates/render/src/ui/util/sprite.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+use galactica_content::SpriteHandle;
+use galactica_util::to_radians;
+use nalgebra::{Point2, Vector2};
+
+use super::{SpriteRect, UiElement};
+use crate::{vertexbuffer::types::UiInstance, PositionAnchor, RenderInput, RenderState};
+
+pub struct UiSprite {
+	sprite: SpriteHandle,
+	mask: Option<SpriteHandle>,
+
+	rect: SpriteRect,
+	children_under: Vec<Box<dyn UiElement>>,
+	children_above: Vec<Box<dyn UiElement>>,
+}
+
+impl UiSprite {
+	pub fn new(sprite: SpriteHandle, mask: Option<SpriteHandle>, rect: SpriteRect) -> Self {
+		return Self {
+			sprite,
+			mask,
+			rect,
+			children_under: Vec::new(),
+			children_above: Vec::new(),
+		};
+	}
+
+	/// Add a child under this sprite
+	pub fn add_child_under(&mut self, child: Box<dyn UiElement>) {
+		self.children_under.push(child);
+	}
+
+	/// Add a child above this sprite
+	//pub fn add_child_above(&mut self, child: Box<dyn UiElement>) {
+	//	self.children_above.push(child);
+	//}
+
+	/// Add this image to the gpu sprite buffer
+	pub fn push_to_buffer(&self, input: &RenderInput, state: &mut RenderState) {
+		let pos = Point2::new(self.rect.pos.x, self.rect.pos.y);
+		let dim = Vector2::new(self.rect.dim.y * self.sprite.aspect, self.rect.dim.y);
+
+		for c in &self.children_under {
+			c.push_to_buffer_child(input, state, pos, dim);
+		}
+
+		let sprite = input.ct.get_sprite(self.sprite);
+		let texture_a = sprite.get_first_frame(); // ANIMATE
+
+		state.push_ui_buffer(UiInstance {
+			anchor: PositionAnchor::CC.to_int(),
+			position: pos.into(),
+			angle: to_radians(90.0),
+			size: dim.y,
+			color: [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0],
+			texture_index: [texture_a, texture_a],
+			texture_fade: 1.0,
+			mask_index: self
+				.mask
+				.map(|x| {
+					let sprite = input.ct.get_sprite(x);
+					let texture_b = sprite.get_first_frame(); // ANIMATE
+					[1, texture_b]
+				})
+				.unwrap_or([0, 0]),
+		});
+
+		for c in &self.children_above {
+			c.push_to_buffer_child(input, state, pos, dim);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl UiElement for UiSprite {
+	/// Add this image to the gpu sprite buffer,
+	/// as a child of another sprite
+	fn push_to_buffer_child(
+		&self,
+		input: &RenderInput,
+		state: &mut RenderState,
+		parent_pos: Point2<f32>,
+		parent_size: Vector2<f32>,
+	) {
+		let zero = Point2::new(
+			parent_pos.x - (parent_size.x / 2.0),
+			parent_pos.y + (parent_size.y / 2.0),
+		);
+
+		let pos = zero
+			+ Vector2::new(
+				self.rect.pos.x * parent_size.x,
+				-self.rect.pos.y * parent_size.y,
+			);
+		let dim = Vector2::new(
+			self.rect.dim.x * parent_size.x,
+			self.rect.dim.y * parent_size.y,
+		);
+
+		for c in &self.children_under {
+			c.push_to_buffer_child(input, state, pos, dim);
+		}
+
+		let sprite = input.ct.get_sprite(self.sprite);
+		let texture_a = sprite.get_first_frame(); // ANIMATE
+
+		state.push_ui_buffer(UiInstance {
+			anchor: PositionAnchor::CNw.to_int(),
+			position: pos.into(),
+			angle: to_radians(90.0),
+			size: dim.y,
+			color: [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0],
+			texture_index: [texture_a, texture_a],
+			texture_fade: 1.0,
+			mask_index: self
+				.mask
+				.map(|x| {
+					let sprite = input.ct.get_sprite(x);
+					let texture_b = sprite.get_first_frame(); // ANIMATE
+					[1, texture_b]
+				})
+				.unwrap_or([0, 0]),
+		});
+
+		for c in &self.children_above {
+			c.push_to_buffer_child(input, state, pos, dim);
+		}
+	}
+}

crates/render/src/vertexbuffer/types.rs

@@ -85,7 +85,13 @@ impl BufferObject for StarfieldInstance {
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, bytemuck::Pod, bytemuck::Zeroable)]
 pub struct ObjectInstance {
 	/// What texture to use for this instance
-	pub sprite_index: u32,
+	/// Result will be a faded mix of the two textures
+	/// given here. Only the first will be shown if fade = 0.0,
+	/// and only the second if fade = 1.0
+	pub texture_index: [u32; 2],
+	/// Fade parameter for texture index
+	/// Must be between 0 and 1.
+	pub texture_fade: f32,
 
 	/// Which object this instance is for
 	pub object_index: u32,
@@ -100,16 +106,22 @@ impl BufferObject for ObjectInstance {
 			// instance when the shader starts processing a new instance
 			step_mode: wgpu::VertexStepMode::Instance,
 			attributes: &[
-				// Sprite
+				// Texture
 				wgpu::VertexAttribute {
 					offset: 0,
 					shader_location: 2,
-					format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Uint32,
+					format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Uint32x2,
+				},
+				// Texture fade
+				wgpu::VertexAttribute {
+					offset: mem::size_of::<[f32; 2]>() as wgpu::BufferAddress,
+					shader_location: 3,
+					format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Float32,
 				},
 				// Object
 				wgpu::VertexAttribute {
-					offset: mem::size_of::<[f32; 1]>() as wgpu::BufferAddress,
+					offset: mem::size_of::<[f32; 3]>() as wgpu::BufferAddress,
-					shader_location: 3,
+					shader_location: 4,
 					format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Uint32,
 				},
 			],
@@ -138,12 +150,14 @@ pub struct UiInstance {
 	/// Fill this array with ones if no recoloring should be done.
 	pub color: [f32; 4],
 
-	/// What texture to use for this sprite
+	/// What texture to use for this instance
-	pub sprite_index: u32,
+	pub texture_index: [u32; 2],
+	/// Fade parameter between textures
+	pub texture_fade: f32,
 
-	/// What mask to use for this sprite
+	/// What texture to use to mask this instance
 	/// If the first element is not 1, no mask is used.
-	/// Second element is sprite index of mask.
+	/// Second element is a texture index
 	pub mask_index: [u32; 2],
 }
 
@@ -186,16 +200,22 @@ impl BufferObject for UiInstance {
 					shader_location: 6,
 					format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Float32x4,
 				},
-				// Sprite
+				// Texture
 				wgpu::VertexAttribute {
 					offset: mem::size_of::<[f32; 9]>() as wgpu::BufferAddress,
 					shader_location: 7,
-					format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Uint32,
+					format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Uint32x2,
+				},
+				// Texture fade
+				wgpu::VertexAttribute {
+					offset: mem::size_of::<[f32; 11]>() as wgpu::BufferAddress,
+					shader_location: 8,
+					format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Float32,
 				},
 				// Mask
 				wgpu::VertexAttribute {
-					offset: mem::size_of::<[f32; 10]>() as wgpu::BufferAddress,
+					offset: mem::size_of::<[f32; 12]>() as wgpu::BufferAddress,
-					shader_location: 8,
+					shader_location: 9,
 					format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Uint32x2,
 				},
 			],
@@ -232,8 +252,10 @@ pub struct ParticleInstance {
 	/// Fade this particle out over this many seconds as it expires
 	pub fade: f32,
 
-	/// What sprite to use for this particle
+	/// What texture to use for this particle
-	pub sprite_index: u32,
+	pub texture_index: [u32; 2],
+	/// Fade parameter for texture index
+	pub texture_fade: f32,
 }
 
 impl BufferObject for ParticleInstance {
@@ -290,11 +312,17 @@ impl BufferObject for ParticleInstance {
 					shader_location: 9,
 					format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Float32,
 				},
-				// Sprite
+				// Texture
 				wgpu::VertexAttribute {
 					offset: mem::size_of::<[f32; 10]>() as wgpu::BufferAddress,
 					shader_location: 10,
-					format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Uint32,
+					format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Uint32x2,
+				},
+				// Texture fade
+				wgpu::VertexAttribute {
+					offset: mem::size_of::<[f32; 12]>() as wgpu::BufferAddress,
+					shader_location: 11,
+					format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Float32,
 				},
 			],
 		}

crates/system/src/data/ship/mod.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 mod outfitset;
 mod personality;
 mod ship;
+mod shipstate;
 
 pub use outfitset::*;
 pub use personality::*;
 pub use ship::*;
+pub use shipstate::*;

crates/system/src/data/ship/outfitset.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 
-use galactica_content::{Content, GunPoint, Outfit, OutfitHandle, OutfitSpace, SpriteHandle};
+use galactica_content::{GunPoint, Outfit, OutfitHandle, OutfitSpace};
 
 /// Possible outcomes when adding an outfit
 pub enum OutfitAddResult {
@@ -61,15 +61,16 @@ pub struct OutfitSet {
 	/// if value is Some, this point is taken.
 	gun_points: HashMap<GunPoint, Option<OutfitHandle>>,
 
-	// Outfit values
+	/// Outfit values
-	// This isn't strictly necessary, but we don't want to
+	/// This isn't strictly necessary, but we don't want to
-	// re-compute this on each frame.
+	/// re-compute this on each frame.
 	engine_thrust: f32,
 	steer_power: f32,
 	shield_strength: f32,
 
-	// Delay, generation
+	/// All shield generators in this outfit set
-	// TODO: struct
+	// These can't be summed into one value, since each has a
+	// distinct delay.
 	shield_generators: Vec<ShieldGenerator>,
 }
 
@@ -158,19 +159,6 @@ impl OutfitSet {
 
 		return OutfitRemoveResult::Ok;
 	}
-
-	// TODO: pick these better
-	/// Returns the flare sprite that should be shown when this
-	/// ship is using its thrusters
-	pub fn get_flare_sprite(&self, ct: &Content) -> Option<SpriteHandle> {
-		for i in self.outfits.keys() {
-			let c = ct.get_outfit(*i);
-			if c.engine_flare_sprite.is_some() {
-				return c.engine_flare_sprite;
-			}
-		}
-		return None;
-	}
 }
 
 // Simple getters to make sure nobody meddles with our internal state

crates/system/src/data/ship/ship.rs

@@ -1,84 +1,9 @@
 use galactica_content::{Content, FactionHandle, GunPoint, Outfit, ShipHandle, SystemObjectHandle};
 use nalgebra::Isometry2;
 use rand::{rngs::ThreadRng, Rng};
-use rapier2d::math::Isometry;
 use std::{collections::HashMap, time::Instant};
 
-use super::{OutfitSet, ShipPersonality};
+use super::{OutfitSet, ShipAutoPilot, ShipPersonality, ShipState};
-
-/// A ship autopilot.
-/// An autopilot is a lightweight ShipController that
-/// temporarily has control over a ship.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub enum ShipAutoPilot {
-	/// No autopilot, use usual behavior.
-	None,
-
-	/// Automatically arrange for landing on the given object
-	Landing {
-		/// The body we want to land on
-		target: SystemObjectHandle,
-	},
-}
-
-/// Ship state machine.
-/// Any ship we keep track of is in one of these states.
-/// Dead ships don't exist---they removed once their collapse
-/// sequence fully plays out.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub enum ShipState {
-	/// This ship is dead, and should be removed from the game.
-	Dead,
-
-	/// This ship is alive and well in open space
-	Flying {
-		/// The autopilot we're using.
-		/// Overrides ship controller.
-		autopilot: ShipAutoPilot,
-	},
-
-	/// This ship has been destroyed, and is playing its collapse sequence.
-	Collapsing,
-
-	/// This ship is landed on a planet
-	Landed {
-		/// The planet this ship is landed on
-		target: SystemObjectHandle,
-	},
-
-	/// This ship is landing on a planet
-	/// (playing the animation)
-	Landing {
-		/// The planet we're landing on
-		target: SystemObjectHandle,
-
-		/// Our current z-coordinate
-		current_z: f32,
-	},
-
-	/// This ship is taking off from a planet
-	/// (playing the animation)
-	UnLanding {
-		/// The point to which we're going, in world coordinates
-		to_position: Isometry<f32>,
-
-		/// The planet we're taking off from
-		from: SystemObjectHandle,
-
-		/// Our current z-coordinate
-		current_z: f32,
-	},
-}
-
-impl ShipState {
-	/// What planet is this ship landed on?
-	pub fn landed_on(&self) -> Option<SystemObjectHandle> {
-		match self {
-			Self::Landed { target } => Some(*target),
-			_ => None,
-		}
-	}
-}
 
 /// Represents all attributes of a single ship
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]

crates/system/src/data/ship/shipstate.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+use galactica_content::SystemObjectHandle;
+use rapier2d::math::Isometry;
+
+/// A ship autopilot.
+/// An autopilot is a lightweight ShipController that
+/// temporarily has control over a ship.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub enum ShipAutoPilot {
+	/// No autopilot, use usual behavior.
+	None,
+
+	/// Automatically arrange for landing on the given object
+	Landing {
+		/// The body we want to land on
+		target: SystemObjectHandle,
+	},
+}
+
+/// Ship state machine.
+/// Any ship we keep track of is in one of these states.
+/// Dead ships don't exist---they removed once their collapse
+/// sequence fully plays out.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub enum ShipState {
+	/// This ship is dead, and should be removed from the game.
+	Dead,
+
+	/// This ship is alive and well in open space
+	Flying {
+		/// The autopilot we're using.
+		/// Overrides ship controller.
+		autopilot: ShipAutoPilot,
+	},
+
+	/// This ship has been destroyed, and is playing its collapse sequence.
+	Collapsing,
+
+	/// This ship is landed on a planet
+	Landed {
+		/// The planet this ship is landed on
+		target: SystemObjectHandle,
+	},
+
+	/// This ship is landing on a planet
+	/// (playing the animation)
+	Landing {
+		/// The planet we're landing on
+		target: SystemObjectHandle,
+
+		/// Our current z-coordinate
+		current_z: f32,
+	},
+
+	/// This ship is taking off from a planet
+	/// (playing the animation)
+	UnLanding {
+		/// The point to which we're going, in world coordinates
+		to_position: Isometry<f32>,
+
+		/// The planet we're taking off from
+		from: SystemObjectHandle,
+
+		/// Our current z-coordinate
+		current_z: f32,
+	},
+}
+
+impl ShipState {
+	/// What planet is this ship landed on?
+	pub fn landed_on(&self) -> Option<SystemObjectHandle> {
+		match self {
+			Self::Landed { target } => Some(*target),
+			_ => None,
+		}
+	}
+}

crates/system/src/phys/objects/projectile.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use galactica_content::{FactionHandle, Projectile};
+use galactica_content::{AnimAutomaton, AnimationState, Content, FactionHandle, Projectile};
 use rand::Rng;
 use rapier2d::{dynamics::RigidBodyHandle, geometry::ColliderHandle};
 
@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@ pub struct PhysProjectile {
 	/// This projectile's game data
 	pub content: Projectile,
 
+	/// This projectile's sprite animation state
+	anim: AnimAutomaton,
+
 	/// The remaining lifetime of this projectile, in seconds
 	pub lifetime: f32,
 
@@ -27,7 +30,8 @@ pub struct PhysProjectile {
 impl PhysProjectile {
 	/// Create a new projectile
 	pub fn new(
-		content: Projectile, // TODO: use a handle
+		ct: &Content,
+		content: Projectile, // TODO: use a handle?
 		rigid_body: RigidBodyHandle,
 		faction: FactionHandle,
 		collider: ColliderHandle,
@@ -36,6 +40,7 @@ impl PhysProjectile {
 		let size_rng = content.size_rng;
 		let lifetime = content.lifetime;
 		PhysProjectile {
+			anim: AnimAutomaton::new(ct, content.sprite),
 			rigid_body,
 			collider,
 			content,
@@ -46,8 +51,9 @@ impl PhysProjectile {
 	}
 
 	/// Process this projectile's state after `t` seconds
-	pub fn tick(&mut self, t: f32) {
+	pub fn tick(&mut self, ct: &Content, t: f32) {
 		self.lifetime -= t;
+		self.anim.step(ct, t)
 	}
 
 	/// Has this projectile expired?
@@ -55,3 +61,10 @@ impl PhysProjectile {
 		return self.lifetime < 0.0;
 	}
 }
+
+impl PhysProjectile {
+	/// Get this projectile's animation state
+	pub fn get_anim_state(&self) -> AnimationState {
+		self.anim.get_texture_idx()
+	}
+}

crates/system/src/phys/objects/ship.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-use galactica_content::{Content, FactionHandle, ShipHandle};
+use galactica_content::{
+	AnimAutomaton, AnimationState, Content, EnginePoint, FactionHandle, OutfitHandle, ShipHandle,
+};
 use nalgebra::{point, vector, Rotation2, Vector2};
 use rand::Rng;
 use rapier2d::{
@@ -51,7 +53,13 @@ pub struct PhysSimShip {
 	pub collider: ColliderHandle,
 
 	/// This ship's game data
-	pub data: ShipData,
+	pub(crate) data: ShipData,
+
+	/// This ship's sprite animation state
+	anim: AnimAutomaton,
+
+	/// Animation state for each of this ship's engines
+	engine_anim: Vec<(EnginePoint, AnimAutomaton)>,
 
 	/// This ship's controls
 	pub(crate) controls: ShipControls,
@@ -72,9 +80,11 @@ impl PhysSimShip {
 	) -> Self {
 		let ship_ct = ct.get_ship(handle);
 		PhysSimShip {
+			anim: AnimAutomaton::new(ct, ship_ct.sprite),
 			rigid_body,
 			collider,
 			data: ShipData::new(ct, handle, faction, personality),
+			engine_anim: Vec::new(),
 			controls: ShipControls::new(),
 			collapse_sequence: Some(ShipCollapseSequence::new(ship_ct.collapse.length)),
 		}
@@ -88,6 +98,18 @@ impl PhysSimShip {
 		collider: &mut Collider,
 	) {
 		self.data.step(res.t);
+		self.anim.step(res.ct, res.t);
+
+		if self.controls.thrust {
+			for (_, e) in &mut self.engine_anim {
+				e.step(res.ct, res.t);
+			}
+		} else {
+			for (_, e) in &mut self.engine_anim {
+				e.reset(res.ct);
+			}
+		}
+
 		match self.data.get_state() {
 			ShipState::Collapsing { .. } => {
 				// Borrow checker hack, so we may pass self.data
@@ -197,9 +219,69 @@ impl PhysSimShip {
 	}
 }
 
+/// Public mutable
+impl PhysSimShip {
+	/// Re-create this ship's engine flare animations
+	/// Should be called whenever we change outfits
+	fn update_flares(&mut self, ct: &Content) {
+		// TODO: better way to pick flare sprite
+		let mut flare = None;
+		for (h, _) in self.data.get_outfits().iter_outfits() {
+			let c = ct.get_outfit(*h);
+			if c.engine_flare_sprite.is_some() {
+				flare = c.engine_flare_sprite;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if flare.is_none() {
+			self.engine_anim = Vec::new();
+			return;
+		}
+
+		let flare = flare.unwrap();
+		self.engine_anim = ct
+			.get_ship(self.data.get_content())
+			.engines
+			.iter()
+			.map(|e| (e.clone(), AnimAutomaton::new(ct, flare)))
+			.collect();
+	}
+
+	/// Add one outfit to this ship
+	pub fn add_outfit(&mut self, ct: &Content, o: OutfitHandle) {
+		self.data.add_outfit(ct.get_outfit(o));
+		self.update_flares(ct);
+	}
+
+	/// Add many outfits to this ship
+	pub fn add_outfits(&mut self, ct: &Content, outfits: impl IntoIterator<Item = OutfitHandle>) {
+		for o in outfits {
+			self.data.add_outfit(ct.get_outfit(o));
+		}
+		self.update_flares(ct);
+	}
+}
+
+/// Public immutable
 impl PhysSimShip {
 	/// Get this ship's control state
 	pub fn get_controls(&self) -> &ShipControls {
 		&self.controls
 	}
+
+	/// Get this ship's engine animations
+	pub fn iter_engine_anim(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &(EnginePoint, AnimAutomaton)> {
+		self.engine_anim.iter()
+	}
+
+	/// Get this ship's animation state
+	pub fn get_anim_state(&self) -> AnimationState {
+		self.anim.get_texture_idx()
+	}
+
+	/// Get this ship's game data struct
+	pub fn get_data(&self) -> &ShipData {
+		&self.data
+	}
 }

crates/system/src/phys/systemsim/step.rs

@@ -243,6 +243,7 @@ impl PhysSim {
 			self.projectiles.insert(
 				collider.clone(),
 				PhysProjectile::new(
+					res.ct,
 					outfit.projectile.clone(),
 					rigid_body,
 					ship.data.get_faction(),
@@ -290,7 +291,7 @@ impl PhysSim {
 		// Delete projectiles
 		let mut to_remove = Vec::new();
 		for (c, p) in &mut self.projectiles {
-			p.tick(res.t);
+			p.tick(res.ct, res.t);
 			if p.is_expired() {
 				to_remove.push(*c);
 			}