Added sprite data uniform

reworked texture indexing

TODO.md

@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@
  - Conversations
  - Trade
  - Missions
+ - Procedural suns
 
 ## Camera
  - Shake/wobble on heavy hits?
@@ -134,6 +135,8 @@
    - Handles
  - Content specification and pipeline
  - How packer and optimizations work, and why
+ - How big should sprites be? (resize existing)
+ - Naming: atlas, sprite, image, frame, texture
 
 
 ## Ideas

assets

@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit 6e4b7022a963a3357ba5f578bdd91064ae9f6b3e
+Subproject commit 05e5272f3789b44192d0bf2bd253641e76659a2a

content/guns.toml

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ rate = 0.2
 # Random rate variation (each cooldown is +- this)
 rate_rng = 0.1
 
-# TODO: apply force on fire
-projectile.sprite_texture = "projectile::blaster"
+# TODO: apply force to ship on fire
+projectile.sprite = "projectile::blaster"
 # Height of projectile in game units
 projectile.size = 6
 projectile.size_rng = 0.0
@@ -29,13 +29,13 @@ projectile.force = 0.0
 
 projectile.collider.ball.radius = 2.0
 
-projectile.impact.texture = "particle::blaster"
+projectile.impact.sprite = "particle::explosion"
 projectile.impact.lifetime = "inherit"
 projectile.impact.inherit_velocity = "target"
 projectile.impact.size = 3.0
 
 
-projectile.expire.texture = "particle::blaster"
+projectile.expire.sprite = "particle::blaster"
 projectile.expire.lifetime = "inherit"
 projectile.expire.inherit_velocity = "projectile"
 projectile.expire.size = 3.0

content/outfits.toml

@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@
 space.engine = 20
 
 engine.thrust = 100
-engine.flare_texture = "flare::ion"
+engine.flare_sprite = "flare::ion"
 steering.power = 20

content/ship.toml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [ship."Gypsum"]
-sprite_texture = "ship::gypsum"
+sprite = "ship::gypsum"
 size = 100
 mass = 1
 hull = 200

content/sprite.toml

@@ -1,40 +1,40 @@
-[texture."starfield"]
+[sprite."starfield"]
 file = "starfield.png"
 
-[texture."star::star"]
+[sprite."star::star"]
 file = "star/B-09.png"
 
-[texture."flare::ion"]
+[sprite."flare::ion"]
 file = "flare/1.png"
 
-[texture."planet::earth"]
+[sprite."planet::earth"]
 file = "planet/earth.png"
 
-[texture."planet::luna"]
+[sprite."planet::luna"]
 file = "planet/luna.png"
 
-[texture."projectile::blaster"]
+[sprite."projectile::blaster"]
 file = "projectile/blaster.png"
 
-[texture."ship::gypsum"]
+[sprite."ship::gypsum"]
 file = "ship/gypsum.png"
 
-[texture."ui::radar"]
+[sprite."ui::radar"]
 file = "ui/radar.png"
 
-[texture."ui::shipblip"]
+[sprite."ui::shipblip"]
 file = "ui/ship-blip.png"
 
-[texture."ui::planetblip"]
+[sprite."ui::planetblip"]
 file = "ui/planet-blip.png"
 
-[texture."ui::radarframe"]
+[sprite."ui::radarframe"]
 file = "ui/radarframe.png"
 
-[texture."ui::centerarrow"]
+[sprite."ui::centerarrow"]
 file = "ui/center-arrow.png"
 
-[texture."particle::blaster"]
+[sprite."particle::blaster"]
 duration = 0.15
 repeat = "once"
 frames = [
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ frames = [
 ]
 
 
-[texture."particle::explosion"]
+[sprite."particle::explosion"]
 duration = 0.4
 repeat = "once"
 frames = [

content/system.toml

@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
 [system."12 Autumn Above"]
 
-object.star.sprite_texture = "star::star"
+object.star.sprite = "star::star"
 object.star.position = [0.0, 0.0, 30.0]
 object.star.size = 2000
 
-object.earth.sprite_texture = "planet::earth"
+object.earth.sprite = "planet::earth"
 object.earth.position.center = "star"
 object.earth.position.radius = 4000
 object.earth.position.angle = 0
 object.earth.position.z = 10.0
 object.earth.size = 1000
 
-object.luna.sprite_texture = "planet::luna"
+object.luna.sprite = "planet::luna"
 object.luna.position.center = "earth"
 object.luna.position.radius = 1600
 object.luna.position.angle = 135

crates/constants/src/lib.rs

@@ -35,14 +35,14 @@ pub const STARFIELD_DENSITY: f64 = 0.01;
 /// Must fit inside an i32
 pub const STARFIELD_COUNT: u64 = (STARFIELD_SIZE as f64 * STARFIELD_DENSITY) as u64;
 
-/// Name of starfield texture
-pub const STARFIELD_TEXTURE_NAME: &'static str = "starfield";
+/// Name of starfield sprite
+pub const STARFIELD_SPRITE_NAME: &'static str = "starfield";
 
 /// Root directory of game content
 pub const CONTENT_ROOT: &'static str = "./content";
 
-/// Root directory of game textures
-pub const TEXTURE_ROOT: &'static str = "./assets/render";
+/// Root directory of game images
+pub const IMAGE_ROOT: &'static str = "./assets/render";
 
 /// We can draw at most this many object sprites on the screen.
 pub const OBJECT_SPRITE_INSTANCE_LIMIT: u64 = 500;

crates/content/Cargo.toml

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ readme = { workspace = true }
 workspace = true
 
 [dependencies]
+galactica-packer = { workspace = true }
+
 serde = { workspace = true }
 toml = { workspace = true }
 anyhow = { workspace = true }

crates/content/src/handle.rs

@@ -7,24 +7,28 @@
 //! in our code. It's managable, but the approach here is simpler and easier to understand.
 use std::{cmp::Eq, hash::Hash};
 
-/// A lightweight representation of a
+/// A lightweight representation of a sprite
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
-pub struct TextureHandle {
-	/// The index of this texture in content.textures
-	pub(crate) index: usize,
+pub struct SpriteHandle {
+	/// The index of this sprite in content.sprites
+	/// This must be public, since render uses this to
+	/// select sprites.
+	///
+	/// This is a u32 for that same reason, too.
+	pub index: u32,
 
-	/// The aspect ratio of this texture (width / height)
+	/// The aspect ratio of this sprite (width / height)
 	pub aspect: f32,
 }
 
-impl Hash for TextureHandle {
+impl Hash for SpriteHandle {
 	fn hash<H: std::hash::Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
 		self.index.hash(state)
 	}
 }
 
-impl Eq for TextureHandle {}
-impl PartialEq for TextureHandle {
+impl Eq for SpriteHandle {}
+impl PartialEq for SpriteHandle {
 	fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
 		self.index.eq(&other.index)
 	}

crates/content/src/lib.rs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ mod part;
 mod util;
 
 use anyhow::{Context, Result};
+use galactica_packer::{SpriteAtlas, SpriteAtlasImage};
 use std::{
 	collections::HashMap,
 	fs::File,
@@ -17,10 +18,10 @@ use std::{
 use toml;
 use walkdir::WalkDir;
 
-pub use handle::{FactionHandle, GunHandle, OutfitHandle, ShipHandle, SystemHandle, TextureHandle};
+pub use handle::{FactionHandle, GunHandle, OutfitHandle, ShipHandle, SpriteHandle, SystemHandle};
 pub use part::{
 	EnginePoint, Faction, Gun, GunPoint, ImpactInheritVelocity, Outfit, OutfitSpace, Projectile,
-	ProjectileCollider, ProjectileParticle, Relationship, RepeatMode, Ship, System, Texture,
+	ProjectileCollider, ProjectileParticle, Relationship, RepeatMode, Ship, Sprite, System,
 };
 
 mod syntax {
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ mod syntax {
 	use serde::Deserialize;
 	use std::{collections::HashMap, fmt::Display, hash::Hash};
 
-	use crate::part::{faction, gun, outfit, ship, system, texture};
+	use crate::part::{faction, gun, outfit, ship, sprite, system};
 
 	#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
 	pub struct Root {
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ mod syntax {
 		pub ship: Option<HashMap<String, ship::syntax::Ship>>,
 		pub system: Option<HashMap<String, system::syntax::System>>,
 		pub outfit: Option<HashMap<String, outfit::syntax::Outfit>>,
-		pub texture: Option<HashMap<String, texture::syntax::Texture>>,
+		pub sprite: Option<HashMap<String, sprite::syntax::Sprite>>,
 		pub faction: Option<HashMap<String, faction::syntax::Faction>>,
 	}
 
@@ -72,7 +73,7 @@ mod syntax {
 				ship: None,
 				system: None,
 				outfit: None,
-				texture: None,
+				sprite: None,
 				faction: None,
 			}
 		}
@@ -84,8 +85,8 @@ mod syntax {
 				.with_context(|| "while merging systems")?;
 			merge_hashmap(&mut self.outfit, other.outfit)
 				.with_context(|| "while merging outfits")?;
-			merge_hashmap(&mut self.texture, other.texture)
-				.with_context(|| "while merging textures")?;
+			merge_hashmap(&mut self.sprite, other.sprite)
+				.with_context(|| "while merging sprites")?;
 			merge_hashmap(&mut self.faction, other.faction)
 				.with_context(|| "while merging factions")?;
 			return Ok(());
@@ -94,10 +95,10 @@ mod syntax {
 }
 
 trait Build {
-	type InputSyntax;
+	type InputSyntaxType;
 
 	/// Build a processed System struct from raw serde data
-	fn build(root: Self::InputSyntax, ct: &mut Content) -> Result<()>
+	fn build(root: Self::InputSyntaxType, ct: &mut Content) -> Result<()>
 	where
 		Self: Sized;
 }
@@ -106,18 +107,21 @@ trait Build {
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct Content {
 	/* Configuration values */
-	/// Root directory for textures
-	texture_root: PathBuf,
-	/// Name of starfield texture
-	starfield_texture_name: String,
+	/// Root directory for image
+	image_root: PathBuf,
+	/// Name of starfield sprite
+	starfield_sprite_name: String,
 
-	/// Textures
-	pub textures: Vec<part::texture::Texture>,
+	/// Sprites
+	pub sprites: Vec<part::sprite::Sprite>,
 	/// Map strings to texture names.
 	/// This is only necessary because we need to hard-code a few texture names for UI elements.
-	texture_index: HashMap<String, handle::TextureHandle>,
+	sprite_index: HashMap<String, handle::SpriteHandle>,
 	/// The texture to use for starfield stars
-	starfield_handle: Option<handle::TextureHandle>,
+	starfield_handle: Option<handle::SpriteHandle>,
+
+	/// Keeps track of which images are in which texture
+	sprite_atlas: SpriteAtlas,
 
 	/// Outfits
 	outfits: Vec<part::outfit::Outfit>,
@@ -148,6 +152,7 @@ impl Content {
 	pub fn load_dir(
 		path: PathBuf,
 		texture_root: PathBuf,
+		atlas_index: PathBuf,
 		starfield_texture_name: String,
 	) -> Result<Self> {
 		let mut root = syntax::Root::new();
@@ -177,23 +182,32 @@ impl Content {
 			}
 		}
 
+		let atlas: SpriteAtlas = {
+			let mut file_string = String::new();
+			let _ = File::open(atlas_index)?.read_to_string(&mut file_string);
+			let file_string = file_string.trim();
+			toml::from_str(&file_string)?
+		};
+
 		let mut content = Self {
+			sprite_atlas: atlas,
 			systems: Vec::new(),
 			ships: Vec::new(),
 			guns: Vec::new(),
 			outfits: Vec::new(),
-			textures: Vec::new(),
+			sprites: Vec::new(),
 			factions: Vec::new(),
-			texture_index: HashMap::new(),
+			sprite_index: HashMap::new(),
 			starfield_handle: None,
-			texture_root,
-			starfield_texture_name,
+			image_root: texture_root,
+			starfield_sprite_name: starfield_texture_name,
 		};
 
 		// Order here matters, usually
-		if root.texture.is_some() {
-			part::texture::Texture::build(root.texture.take().unwrap(), &mut content)?;
+		if root.sprite.is_some() {
+			part::sprite::Sprite::build(root.sprite.take().unwrap(), &mut content)?;
 		}
+
 		if root.ship.is_some() {
 			part::ship::Ship::build(root.ship.take().unwrap(), &mut content)?;
 		}
@@ -216,27 +230,32 @@ impl Content {
 
 // Access methods
 impl Content {
-	/// Get the texture handle for the starfield texture
-	pub fn get_starfield_handle(&self) -> TextureHandle {
+	/// Get the handle for the starfield sprite
+	pub fn get_starfield_handle(&self) -> SpriteHandle {
 		match self.starfield_handle {
 			Some(h) => h,
-			None => unreachable!("Starfield texture hasn't been loaded yet!"),
+			None => unreachable!("Starfield sprite hasn't been loaded yet!"),
 		}
 	}
 
-	/// Get a handle from a texture name
-	pub fn get_texture_handle(&self, name: &str) -> TextureHandle {
-		return match self.texture_index.get(name) {
+	/// Get a handle from a sprite name
+	pub fn get_sprite_handle(&self, name: &str) -> SpriteHandle {
+		return match self.sprite_index.get(name) {
 			Some(s) => *s,
-			None => unreachable!("get_texture_handle was called with a bad handle!"),
+			None => unreachable!("get_sprite_handle was called with a bad name!"),
 		};
 	}
 
-	/// Get a texture from a handle
-	pub fn get_texture(&self, h: TextureHandle) -> &Texture {
+	/// Get a sprite from a handle
+	pub fn get_sprite(&self, h: SpriteHandle) -> &Sprite {
 		// In theory, this could fail if h has a bad index, but that shouldn't ever happen.
-		// The only TextureHandles that exist should be created by this crate.
-		return &self.textures[h.index];
+		// The only handles that exist should be created by this crate.
+		return &self.sprites[h.index as usize];
+	}
+
+	/// Get a sprite from a path
+	pub fn get_image(&self, p: &Path) -> &SpriteAtlasImage {
+		self.sprite_atlas.index.get(p).unwrap()
 	}
 
 	/// Get an outfit from a handle
@@ -249,7 +268,7 @@ impl Content {
 		return &self.guns[h.index];
 	}
 
-	/// Get a texture from a handle
+	/// Get a ship from a handle
 	pub fn get_ship(&self, h: ShipHandle) -> &Ship {
 		return &self.ships[h.index];
 	}

crates/content/src/part/faction.rs

@@ -59,9 +59,9 @@ pub struct Faction {
 }
 
 impl crate::Build for Faction {
-	type InputSyntax = HashMap<String, syntax::Faction>;
+	type InputSyntaxType = HashMap<String, syntax::Faction>;
 
-	fn build(factions: Self::InputSyntax, ct: &mut Content) -> Result<()> {
+	fn build(factions: Self::InputSyntaxType, ct: &mut Content) -> Result<()> {
 		// Keeps track of position in faction array.
 		// This lets us build FactionHandles before finishing all factions.
 		let faction_names: Vec<String> = factions.keys().map(|x| x.to_owned()).collect();

crates/content/src/part/gun.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use cgmath::Deg;
 use serde::Deserialize;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 
-use crate::{handle::TextureHandle, Content};
+use crate::{handle::SpriteHandle, Content};
 
 use crate::OutfitSpace;
 
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ pub(crate) mod syntax {
 
 	#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
 	pub struct Projectile {
-		pub sprite_texture: String,
+		pub sprite: String,
 		pub size: f32,
 		pub size_rng: f32,
 		pub speed: f32,
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ pub(crate) mod syntax {
 
 	#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
 	pub struct ProjectileParticle {
-		pub texture: String,
+		pub sprite: String,
 		pub lifetime: ParticleLifetime,
 		pub inherit_velocity: super::ImpactInheritVelocity,
 		pub size: f32,
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ pub struct Gun {
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Projectile {
 	/// The projectile sprite
-	pub sprite_texture: TextureHandle,
+	pub sprite: SpriteHandle,
 
 	/// The average size of this projectile
 	/// (height in game units)
@@ -155,9 +155,9 @@ pub struct Projectile {
 /// The particle a projectile will spawn when it hits something
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct ProjectileParticle {
-	/// The texture to use for this particle.
+	/// The sprite to use for this particle.
 	/// This is most likely animated.
-	pub texture: TextureHandle,
+	pub sprite: SpriteHandle,
 
 	/// How many seconds this particle should live
 	pub lifetime: f32,
@@ -174,8 +174,8 @@ fn parse_projectile_particle(
 	p: Option<syntax::ProjectileParticle>,
 ) -> Result<Option<ProjectileParticle>> {
 	if let Some(impact) = p {
-		let impact_texture = match ct.texture_index.get(&impact.texture) {
-			None => bail!("impact texture `{}` doesn't exist", impact.texture),
+		let impact_sprite_handle = match ct.sprite_index.get(&impact.sprite) {
+			None => bail!("impact sprite `{}` doesn't exist", impact.sprite),
 			Some(t) => *t,
 		};
 
@@ -183,8 +183,8 @@ fn parse_projectile_particle(
 			syntax::ParticleLifetime::Seconds(s) => s,
 			syntax::ParticleLifetime::Inherit(s) => {
 				if s == "inherit" {
-					let t = ct.get_texture(impact_texture);
-					t.fps * t.frames.len() as f32
+					let sprite = ct.get_sprite(impact_sprite_handle);
+					sprite.fps * sprite.frames.len() as f32
 				} else {
 					bail!("bad impact lifetime, must be float or \"inherit\"",)
 				}
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ fn parse_projectile_particle(
 		};
 
 		Ok(Some(ProjectileParticle {
-			texture: impact_texture,
+			sprite: impact_sprite_handle,
 			lifetime: impact_lifetime,
 			inherit_velocity: impact.inherit_velocity,
 			size: impact.size,
@@ -203,15 +203,15 @@ fn parse_projectile_particle(
 }
 
 impl crate::Build for Gun {
-	type InputSyntax = HashMap<String, syntax::Gun>;
+	type InputSyntaxType = HashMap<String, syntax::Gun>;
 
-	fn build(gun: Self::InputSyntax, ct: &mut Content) -> Result<()> {
+	fn build(gun: Self::InputSyntaxType, ct: &mut Content) -> Result<()> {
 		for (gun_name, gun) in gun {
-			let projectile_texture = match ct.texture_index.get(&gun.projectile.sprite_texture) {
+			let projectile_sprite_handle = match ct.sprite_index.get(&gun.projectile.sprite) {
 				None => bail!(
-					"In gun `{}`: projectile texture `{}` doesn't exist",
+					"In gun `{}`: projectile sprite `{}` doesn't exist",
 					gun_name,
-					gun.projectile.sprite_texture
+					gun.projectile.sprite
 				),
 				Some(t) => *t,
 			};
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ impl crate::Build for Gun {
 				rate_rng: gun.rate_rng,
 				projectile: Projectile {
 					force: gun.projectile.force,
-					sprite_texture: projectile_texture,
+					sprite: projectile_sprite_handle,
 					size: gun.projectile.size,
 					size_rng: gun.projectile.size_rng,
 					speed: gun.projectile.speed,

crates/content/src/part/mod.rs

@@ -5,13 +5,13 @@ pub mod gun;
 pub mod outfit;
 mod shared;
 pub mod ship;
+pub mod sprite;
 pub mod system;
-pub mod texture;
 
 pub use faction::{Faction, Relationship};
 pub use gun::{Gun, ImpactInheritVelocity, Projectile, ProjectileCollider, ProjectileParticle};
 pub use outfit::Outfit;
 pub use shared::OutfitSpace;
 pub use ship::{EnginePoint, GunPoint, Ship};
+pub use sprite::{RepeatMode, Sprite};
 pub use system::{Object, System};
-pub use texture::{RepeatMode, Texture};

crates/content/src/part/outfit.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use std::collections::HashMap;
 
 use anyhow::{bail, Result};
 
-use crate::{handle::TextureHandle, Content, OutfitSpace};
+use crate::{handle::SpriteHandle, Content, OutfitSpace};
 
 pub(crate) mod syntax {
 	use crate::part::shared;
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ pub(crate) mod syntax {
 	#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
 	pub struct Engine {
 		pub thrust: f32,
-		pub flare_texture: String,
+		pub flare_sprite: String,
 	}
 
 	#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
@@ -44,37 +44,37 @@ pub struct Outfit {
 	/// The engine flare sprite this outfit creates.
 	/// Its location and size is determined by a ship's
 	/// engine points.
-	pub engine_flare_texture: Option<TextureHandle>,
+	pub engine_flare_sprite: Option<SpriteHandle>,
 
 	/// How much space this outfit requires
 	pub space: OutfitSpace,
 }
 
 impl crate::Build for Outfit {
-	type InputSyntax = HashMap<String, syntax::Outfit>;
+	type InputSyntaxType = HashMap<String, syntax::Outfit>;
 
-	fn build(outfits: Self::InputSyntax, ct: &mut Content) -> Result<()> {
+	fn build(outfits: Self::InputSyntaxType, ct: &mut Content) -> Result<()> {
 		for (outfit_name, outfit) in outfits {
 			let mut o = Self {
 				name: outfit_name.clone(),
 				engine_thrust: 0.0,
 				steer_power: 0.0,
-				engine_flare_texture: None,
+				engine_flare_sprite: None,
 				space: OutfitSpace::from(outfit.space),
 			};
 
 			// Engine stats
 			if let Some(engine) = outfit.engine {
-				let th = match ct.texture_index.get(&engine.flare_texture) {
+				let th = match ct.sprite_index.get(&engine.flare_sprite) {
 					None => bail!(
-						"In outfit `{}`: texture `{}` doesn't exist",
+						"In outfit `{}`: flare sprite `{}` doesn't exist",
 						outfit_name,
-						engine.flare_texture
+						engine.flare_sprite
 					),
 					Some(t) => *t,
 				};
 				o.engine_thrust = engine.thrust;
-				o.engine_flare_texture = Some(th);
+				o.engine_flare_sprite = Some(th);
 			}
 
 			// Steering stats

crates/content/src/part/ship.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use anyhow::{bail, Result};
 use cgmath::Point2;
 use nalgebra::{point, Point};
 
-use crate::{handle::TextureHandle, Content, OutfitSpace};
+use crate::{handle::SpriteHandle, Content, OutfitSpace};
 
 pub(crate) mod syntax {
 	use crate::part::shared;
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ pub(crate) mod syntax {
 
 	#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
 	pub struct Ship {
-		pub sprite_texture: String,
+		pub sprite: String,
 		pub size: f32,
 		pub engines: Vec<Engine>,
 		pub guns: Vec<Gun>,
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ pub struct Ship {
 	pub name: String,
 
 	/// This ship's sprite
-	pub sprite_texture: TextureHandle,
+	pub sprite: SpriteHandle,
 
 	/// The size of this ship.
 	/// Measured as unrotated height,
@@ -123,26 +123,26 @@ pub struct GunPoint {
 }
 
 impl crate::Build for Ship {
-	type InputSyntax = HashMap<String, syntax::Ship>;
+	type InputSyntaxType = HashMap<String, syntax::Ship>;
 
-	fn build(ship: Self::InputSyntax, ct: &mut Content) -> Result<()> {
+	fn build(ship: Self::InputSyntaxType, ct: &mut Content) -> Result<()> {
 		for (ship_name, ship) in ship {
-			let th = match ct.texture_index.get(&ship.sprite_texture) {
+			let handle = match ct.sprite_index.get(&ship.sprite) {
 				None => bail!(
-					"In ship `{}`: texture `{}` doesn't exist",
+					"In ship `{}`: sprite `{}` doesn't exist",
 					ship_name,
-					ship.sprite_texture
+					ship.sprite
 				),
 				Some(t) => *t,
 			};
 
 			let size = ship.size;
-			let aspect = th.aspect;
+			let aspect = ct.get_sprite(handle).aspect;
 
 			ct.ships.push(Self {
 				aspect,
 				name: ship_name,
-				sprite_texture: th,
+				sprite: handle,
 				mass: ship.mass,
 				space: OutfitSpace::from(ship.space),
 				angular_drag: ship.angular_drag,

crates/content/src/part/sprite.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use image::io::Reader;
 use serde::Deserialize;
 use std::{collections::HashMap, path::PathBuf};
 
-use crate::{handle::TextureHandle, Content};
+use crate::{handle::SpriteHandle, Content};
 
 pub(crate) mod syntax {
 	use serde::Deserialize;
@@ -16,18 +16,18 @@ pub(crate) mod syntax {
 
 	#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
 	#[serde(untagged)]
-	pub enum Texture {
-		Static(StaticTexture),
-		Frames(FramesTexture),
+	pub enum Sprite {
+		Static(StaticSprite),
+		Frames(FrameSprite),
 	}
 
 	#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
-	pub struct StaticTexture {
+	pub struct StaticSprite {
 		pub file: PathBuf,
 	}
 
 	#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
-	pub struct FramesTexture {
+	pub struct FrameSprite {
 		pub frames: Vec<PathBuf>,
 		pub duration: f32,
 		pub repeat: RepeatMode,
@@ -57,90 +57,94 @@ impl RepeatMode {
 	}
 }
 
-/// Represents a texture that may be used in the game.
+/// Represents a sprite that may be used in the game.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub struct Texture {
-	/// The name of this texture
+pub struct Sprite {
+	/// The name of this sprite
 	pub name: String,
 
-	/// The handle for this texture
-	pub handle: TextureHandle,
+	/// This sprite's handle
+	pub handle: SpriteHandle,
 
-	/// The frames of this texture
-	/// (static textures have one frame)
+	/// The file names of frames of this sprite.
+	/// unanimated sprites have one frame.
 	pub frames: Vec<PathBuf>,
 
-	/// The speed of this texture's animation
-	/// (static textures have zero fps)
+	/// The speed of this sprite's animation.
+	/// unanimated sprites have zero fps.
 	pub fps: f32,
 
-	/// How to replay this texture's animation
+	/// How to replay this sprite's animation
 	pub repeat: RepeatMode,
+
+	/// Aspect ratio of this sprite (width / height)
+	pub aspect: f32,
 }
 
-impl crate::Build for Texture {
-	type InputSyntax = HashMap<String, syntax::Texture>;
+impl crate::Build for Sprite {
+	type InputSyntaxType = HashMap<String, syntax::Sprite>;
 
-	fn build(texture: Self::InputSyntax, ct: &mut Content) -> Result<()> {
-		for (texture_name, t) in texture {
+	fn build(sprites: Self::InputSyntaxType, ct: &mut Content) -> Result<()> {
+		for (sprite_name, t) in sprites {
 			match t {
-				syntax::Texture::Static(t) => {
-					let file = ct.texture_root.join(t.file);
+				syntax::Sprite::Static(t) => {
+					let file = ct.image_root.join(&t.file);
 					let reader = Reader::open(&file).with_context(|| {
 						format!(
-							"Failed to read texture `{}` from file `{}`",
-							texture_name,
-							file.display()
+							"Failed to read file `{}` in sprite `{}`",
+							file.display(),
+							sprite_name,
 						)
 					})?;
 					let dim = reader.into_dimensions().with_context(|| {
 						format!(
-							"Failed to get dimensions of texture `{}` from file `{}`",
-							texture_name,
-							file.display()
+							"Failed to get dimensions of file `{}` in sprite `{}`",
+							file.display(),
+							sprite_name,
 						)
 					})?;
 
-					let h = TextureHandle {
-						index: ct.textures.len(),
+					let h = SpriteHandle {
+						index: ct.sprites.len() as u32,
 						aspect: dim.0 as f32 / dim.1 as f32,
 					};
 
-					if texture_name == ct.starfield_texture_name {
+					if sprite_name == ct.starfield_sprite_name {
 						if ct.starfield_handle.is_none() {
 							ct.starfield_handle = Some(h)
 						} else {
 							// This can't happen, since this is a hashmap.
-							unreachable!("Found two starfield textures! Something is very wrong.")
+							unreachable!("Found two starfield sprites! Something is very wrong.")
 						}
 					}
 
-					ct.texture_index.insert(texture_name.clone(), h);
+					ct.sprite_index.insert(sprite_name.clone(), h);
 
-					ct.textures.push(Self {
-						name: texture_name,
-						frames: vec![file],
+					ct.sprites.push(Self {
+						name: sprite_name,
+						frames: vec![t.file],
 						fps: 0.0,
 						handle: h,
 						repeat: RepeatMode::Once,
+						aspect: dim.0 as f32 / dim.1 as f32,
 					});
 				}
-				syntax::Texture::Frames(t) => {
+				syntax::Sprite::Frames(t) => {
 					let mut dim = None;
 					for f in &t.frames {
-						let file = ct.texture_root.join(f);
+						let file = ct.image_root.join(f);
 						let reader = Reader::open(&file).with_context(|| {
 							format!(
-								"Failed to read texture `{}` from file `{}`",
-								texture_name,
-								file.display()
+								"Failed to read file `{}` in sprite `{}`",
+								file.display(),
+								sprite_name,
 							)
 						})?;
 						let d = reader.into_dimensions().with_context(|| {
 							format!(
-								"Failed to get dimensions of texture `{}` from file `{}`",
-								texture_name,
-								file.display()
+								"Failed to get dimensions of file `{}` in sprite `{}`",
+								file.display(),
+								sprite_name,
 							)
 						})?;
 						match dim {
@@ -148,37 +152,34 @@ impl crate::Build for Texture {
 							Some(e) => {
 								if d != e {
 									bail!(
-										"Failed to load frames of texture `{}`. Frames have different sizes `{}`",
-										texture_name,
-										file.display()
+										"Failed to load frames of sprite `{}` because frames have different sizes.",
+										sprite_name,
 									)
 								}
 							}
 						}
 					}
+					let dim = dim.unwrap();
 
-					let h = TextureHandle {
-						index: ct.textures.len(),
-						aspect: dim.unwrap().0 as f32 / dim.unwrap().1 as f32,
+					let h = SpriteHandle {
+						index: ct.sprites.len() as u32,
+						aspect: dim.0 as f32 / dim.1 as f32,
 					};
 
-					if texture_name == ct.starfield_texture_name {
+					if sprite_name == ct.starfield_sprite_name {
 						unreachable!("Starfield texture may not be animated")
 					}
 
 					let fps = t.duration / t.frames.len() as f32;
 
-					ct.texture_index.insert(texture_name.clone(), h);
-					ct.textures.push(Self {
-						name: texture_name,
-						frames: t
-							.frames
-							.into_iter()
-							.map(|f| ct.texture_root.join(f))
-							.collect(),
+					ct.sprite_index.insert(sprite_name.clone(), h);
+					ct.sprites.push(Self {
+						name: sprite_name,
+						frames: t.frames,
 						fps,
 						handle: h,
 						repeat: t.repeat,
+						aspect: dim.0 as f32 / dim.1 as f32,
 					});
 				}
 			}
@@ -187,7 +188,7 @@ impl crate::Build for Texture {
 		if ct.starfield_handle.is_none() {
 			bail!(
 				"Could not find a starfield texture (name: `{}`)",
-				ct.starfield_texture_name
+				ct.starfield_sprite_name
 			)
 		}
 

crates/content/src/part/system.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use anyhow::{bail, Context, Result};
 use cgmath::{Deg, Point3};
 use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
 
-use crate::{handle::TextureHandle, util::Polar, Content};
+use crate::{handle::SpriteHandle, util::Polar, Content};
 
 pub(crate) mod syntax {
 	use serde::Deserialize;
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ pub(crate) mod syntax {
 
 	#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
 	pub struct Object {
-		pub sprite_texture: String,
+		pub sprite: String,
 		pub position: Position,
 
 		pub size: f32,
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ pub struct System {
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct Object {
 	/// This object's sprite
-	pub sprite_texture: TextureHandle,
+	pub sprite: SpriteHandle,
 
 	/// This object's size.
 	/// Measured as height in game units.
@@ -175,9 +175,9 @@ fn resolve_position(
 }
 
 impl crate::Build for System {
-	type InputSyntax = HashMap<String, syntax::System>;
+	type InputSyntaxType = HashMap<String, syntax::System>;
 
-	fn build(system: Self::InputSyntax, ct: &mut Content) -> Result<()> {
+	fn build(system: Self::InputSyntaxType, ct: &mut Content) -> Result<()> {
 		for (system_name, system) in system {
 			let mut objects = Vec::new();
 
@@ -185,17 +185,17 @@ impl crate::Build for System {
 				let mut cycle_detector = HashSet::new();
 				cycle_detector.insert(label.clone());
 
-				let th = match ct.texture_index.get(&obj.sprite_texture) {
+				let handle = match ct.sprite_index.get(&obj.sprite) {
 					None => bail!(
-						"In system `{}`: texture `{}` doesn't exist",
+						"In system `{}`: sprite `{}` doesn't exist",
 						system_name,
-						obj.sprite_texture
+						obj.sprite
 					),
 					Some(t) => *t,
 				};
 
 				objects.push(Object {
-					sprite_texture: th,
+					sprite: handle,
 					position: resolve_position(&system.object, &obj, cycle_detector)
 						.with_context(|| format!("In object {:#?}", label))?,
 					size: obj.size,

crates/galactica/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [[bin]]
-name = "galactic"
+name = "galactica"
 path = "src/main.rs"
 
 [package]

crates/galactica/src/game.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ use galactica_behavior::{behavior, ShipBehavior};
 use galactica_constants;
 use galactica_content as content;
 use galactica_gameobject as object;
-use galactica_render::{FrameState, ObjectSprite, ParticleBuilder, UiSprite};
+use galactica_render::{ObjectSprite, ParticleBuilder, RenderState, UiSprite};
 use galactica_ui as ui;
 use galactica_world::{util, ShipPhysicsHandle, World};
 
@@ -174,14 +174,15 @@ impl Game {
 		self.last_update = Instant::now();
 	}
 
-	pub fn get_frame_state(&mut self) -> FrameState {
-		FrameState {
+	pub fn get_frame_state(&mut self) -> RenderState {
+		RenderState {
 			camera_pos: self.camera.pos,
 			camera_zoom: self.camera.zoom,
 			object_sprites: self.get_object_sprites(),
 			ui_sprites: self.get_ui_sprites(),
 			new_particles: &mut self.new_particles,
 			current_time: self.start_instant.elapsed().as_secs_f32(),
+			content: &self.content,
 		}
 	}
 

crates/galactica/src/main.rs

@@ -17,14 +17,15 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {
 	// TODO: error if missing
 	let content = content::Content::load_dir(
 		PathBuf::from(galactica_constants::CONTENT_ROOT),
-		PathBuf::from(galactica_constants::TEXTURE_ROOT),
+		PathBuf::from(galactica_constants::IMAGE_ROOT),
 		PathBuf::from("spriteatlas.toml"),
-		galactica_constants::STARFIELD_TEXTURE_NAME.to_owned(),
+		galactica_constants::STARFIELD_SPRITE_NAME.to_owned(),
 	)?;
 
 	let event_loop = EventLoop::new();
 	let window = WindowBuilder::new().build(&event_loop).unwrap();
 	let mut gpu = pollster::block_on(galactica_render::GPUState::new(window, &content))?;
+	gpu.init();
 
 	let mut game = game::Game::new(content);
 	gpu.update_starfield_buffer();

crates/gameobject/src/outfits.rs

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ impl ShipGun {
 pub struct OutfitStatSum {
 	pub engine_thrust: f32,
 	pub steer_power: f32,
-	pub engine_flare_textures: Vec<content::TextureHandle>,
+	pub engine_flare_sprites: Vec<content::SpriteHandle>,
 }
 
 impl OutfitStatSum {
@@ -41,23 +41,23 @@ impl OutfitStatSum {
 		Self {
 			engine_thrust: 0.0,
 			steer_power: 0.0,
-			engine_flare_textures: Vec::new(),
+			engine_flare_sprites: Vec::new(),
 		}
 	}
 
 	pub fn add(&mut self, o: &content::Outfit) {
 		self.engine_thrust += o.engine_thrust;
-		if let Some(t) = o.engine_flare_texture {
-			self.engine_flare_textures.push(t);
+		if let Some(t) = o.engine_flare_sprite {
+			self.engine_flare_sprites.push(t);
 		};
 		self.steer_power += o.steer_power;
 	}
 
 	pub fn remove(&mut self, o: &content::Outfit) {
 		self.engine_thrust -= o.engine_thrust;
-		if let Some(t) = o.engine_flare_texture {
-			self.engine_flare_textures.remove(
-				self.engine_flare_textures
+		if let Some(t) = o.engine_flare_sprite {
+			self.engine_flare_sprites.remove(
+				self.engine_flare_sprites
 					.iter()
 					.position(|x| *x == t)
 					.unwrap(),
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ impl<'a> OutfitSet {
 	pub fn update_engine_flares(&mut self) {
 		// TODO: better way to pick flare texture
 		self.engine_flare_sprites.clear();
-		let t = if let Some(e) = self.stats.engine_flare_textures.iter().next() {
+		let s = if let Some(e) = self.stats.engine_flare_sprites.iter().next() {
 			e
 		} else {
 			return;
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ impl<'a> OutfitSet {
 					y: p.pos.y,
 					z: 1.0,
 				},
-				texture: *t,
+				sprite: *s,
 				angle: Deg(0.0),
 				size: p.size,
 			})

crates/gameobject/src/system.rs

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ impl System {
 		for o in &sys.objects {
 			s.bodies.push(SystemObject {
 				pos: o.position,
-				sprite_texture: o.sprite_texture,
+				sprite: o.sprite,
 				size: o.size,
 				angle: o.angle,
 			});

crates/gameobject/src/systemobject.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use galactica_content as content;
 use galactica_render::ObjectSprite;
 
 pub struct SystemObject {
-	pub sprite_texture: content::TextureHandle,
+	pub sprite: content::SpriteHandle,
 	pub pos: Point3<f32>,
 	pub size: f32,
 	pub angle: Deg<f32>,
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ pub struct SystemObject {
 impl SystemObject {
 	pub(crate) fn get_sprite(&self) -> ObjectSprite {
 		return ObjectSprite {
-			texture: self.sprite_texture,
+			sprite: self.sprite,
 			pos: self.pos,
 			angle: self.angle,
 			size: self.size,

crates/packer/src/atlasset.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-use anyhow::{bail, Result};
-use galactica_packer::{SpriteAtlasImage, SpriteAtlasIndex};
+use anyhow::{bail, Context, Result};
+use galactica_packer::{SpriteAtlas, SpriteAtlasImage};
 use image::{imageops, ImageBuffer, Rgba, RgbaImage};
 use std::{
 	fs::File,
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ use std::{
 // TODO: rework texturearray
 // TODO: reasonable sprite sizes
 // TODO: consistent naming
+// TODO: parallelize
 // spriteatlas: the big images
 // texture: the same, what we load to wgpu
 // image: a single file
@@ -28,13 +29,16 @@ pub struct AtlasSet {
 	texture_limit: usize,
 
 	/// Keeps track of image files
-	index: SpriteAtlasIndex,
+	index: SpriteAtlas,
 
 	/// Array of textures, grows as needed
 	texture_list: Vec<ImageBuffer<Rgba<u8>, Vec<u8>>>,
 
 	/// The size of the smallest image that didn't fit in each texture
-	image_max_sizes: Vec<u32>,
+	image_max_sizes: Vec<[u32; 2]>,
+
+	/// (y-value, image size)
+	image_y_start: Vec<(u32, [u32; 2])>,
 
 	/// A list of used regions in each texture
 	/// Format: ([xpos, ypos], [width, height])
@@ -43,105 +47,137 @@ pub struct AtlasSet {
 
 	/// Used to calculate packing efficiency
 	used_area: f64,
+
+	/// The root directory that contains all image files.
+	/// Files outside this directory will not be packed.
+	asset_root: PathBuf,
 }
 
 impl AtlasSet {
-	pub fn new(texture_width: u32, texture_height: u32, texture_limit: usize) -> Self {
+	pub fn new(
+		texture_width: u32,
+		texture_height: u32,
+		texture_limit: usize,
+		asset_root: &Path,
+	) -> Self {
 		Self {
+			asset_root: asset_root.to_path_buf(),
 			texture_width,
 			texture_height,
 			texture_limit,
 			texture_list: Vec::new(),
 			image_max_sizes: Vec::new(),
 			used_regions: Vec::new(),
-			index: SpriteAtlasIndex::new(),
+			index: SpriteAtlas::new(),
 			used_area: 0f64,
+			image_y_start: Vec::new(),
 		}
 	}
 
-	/// Returns true if new and fixed overlap,
-	/// or if new exits the atlas.
-	/// Parameters: ([xpos, ypos], [width, height])
-	pub fn boxes_overlap(&self, fixed: ([u32; 2], [u32; 2]), new: ([u32; 2], [u32; 2])) -> bool {
-		if new.0[0] + new.1[0] >= self.texture_width || new.0[1] + new.1[1] >= self.texture_height {
-			return true;
-		}
-
-		return fixed.0[0] <= new.0[0] + new.1[0]
-			&& fixed.0[0] + fixed.1[0] >= new.0[0]
-			&& fixed.0[1] <= new.0[1] + new.1[1]
-			&& fixed.0[1] + fixed.1[1] >= new.0[1];
-	}
-
 	/// Add a sprite to this atlas set
 	pub fn write_image(&mut self, path: &Path, dim: [u32; 2]) -> Result<usize> {
 		let mut f = File::open(&path)?;
 		let mut bytes = Vec::new();
 		f.read_to_end(&mut bytes)?;
 		let img = image::load_from_memory(&bytes)?;
-		let mut pixel_idx = 0;
-		let mut atlas_idx = 0;
 
-		// Find first available region, starting at top-left of atlas 0.
-		// Includes a few speed optimizations
-		loop {
+		let mut x = 0;
+		let mut y = 0;
+		let mut final_atlas_idx = None;
+
+		// Loop over atlas textures
+		'outer: for atlas_idx in 0..self.texture_limit {
 			if atlas_idx >= self.texture_list.len() {
-				// We can't start another atlas, we're at the limit
-				if atlas_idx >= self.texture_limit {
-					// TODO: how does a user resolve this?
-					bail!("Sprites didn't fit into atlas");
-				}
-
 				// Start a new atlas
 				self.texture_list
 					.push(RgbaImage::new(self.texture_width, self.texture_height));
 				self.used_regions.push(Vec::new());
-				self.image_max_sizes.push(u32::MAX)
+				self.image_max_sizes.push([u32::MAX, u32::MAX]);
+				self.image_y_start.push((0, [u32::MAX, u32::MAX]));
 			}
 
-			let x = pixel_idx % self.texture_width;
-			let y = pixel_idx / self.texture_height;
-			let new = ([x, y], dim);
-			let mut used = false;
-			for r in &self.used_regions[atlas_idx] {
-				if self.boxes_overlap(*r, new) {
-					// Speed boost: skip the whole box
-					pixel_idx += new.1[0] - 1;
-					used = true;
-					break;
+			// Optimization: save the smallest sprite that didn't fit in each atlas,
+			// and don't try to add similarly-sized sprites.
+			if dim[0] >= self.image_max_sizes[atlas_idx][0]
+				&& dim[1] >= self.image_max_sizes[atlas_idx][1]
+			{
+				continue 'outer;
+			}
+
+			x = 0;
+			y = 0;
+			if self.image_y_start.len() != 0 {
+				let (sy, sd) = self.image_y_start[atlas_idx];
+				if dim[0] >= sd[0] || dim[1] >= sd[1] {
+					y = sy;
+				}
+			} else {
+				self.image_y_start.push((0, [u32::MAX, u32::MAX]));
+			}
+
+			let mut free = false;
+			let mut new;
+			'inner: while y < self.texture_height && !free {
+				new = ([x, y], dim);
+				free = true;
+				for r in &self.used_regions[atlas_idx] {
+					// If boxes overlap...
+					if r.0[0] < new.0[0] + new.1[0]
+						&& r.0[0] + r.1[0] > new.0[0]
+						&& r.0[1] < new.0[1] + new.1[1]
+						&& r.0[1] + r.1[1] > new.0[1]
+					{
+						// Skip the whole occupied area
+						x = r.1[0] + r.0[0];
+						if x + dim[0] >= self.texture_width {
+							y += 1;
+							x = 0;
+						}
+						free = false;
+						continue 'inner;
+					}
 				}
 			}
 
-			if !used {
+			if y + dim[1] >= self.texture_height {
+				// This sprite didn't fit, move on to the next atlas
+				self.image_max_sizes[atlas_idx] = [dim[0] / 2, dim[1] / 2];
+			} else if free {
+				final_atlas_idx = Some(atlas_idx);
 				break;
 			}
-
-			pixel_idx += 1;
-
-			// Speed boost: save the smallest sprite that didn't fit in each atlas,
-			// and don't even try to add bigger sprite.
-			if dim[0] * dim[1] >= self.image_max_sizes[atlas_idx] {
-				atlas_idx += 1;
-				pixel_idx = 0;
-			}
-
-			// This sprite didn't fit, move on to the next atlas
-			if pixel_idx >= self.texture_width * self.texture_height {
-				self.image_max_sizes[atlas_idx] = dim[0] * dim[1];
-				atlas_idx += 1;
-				pixel_idx = 0;
-			}
 		}
 
+		let atlas_idx = match final_atlas_idx {
+			None => bail!("textures didn't fit!"),
+			Some(s) => s,
+		};
+
 		// We found a spot for this image, write it.
-		let x = pixel_idx % self.texture_width;
-		let y = pixel_idx / self.texture_height;
+		//let img = RgbaImage::from_pixel(dim[0], dim[1], Rgba([0, 0, 0, 255]));
 		imageops::overlay(&mut self.texture_list[atlas_idx], &img, x.into(), y.into());
 		self.used_regions[atlas_idx].push(([x, y], dim));
 		self.used_area += dim[0] as f64 * dim[1] as f64;
 
-		self.index.insert(
-			path.to_path_buf(),
+		let (sy, sd) = self.image_y_start[atlas_idx];
+		if dim[0] <= sd[0] && dim[1] <= sd[1] {
+			// Reset start y if both dimensions of this texture are smaller than the previous smallest texture
+			// We check for both, because that ensures that the smaller texture can tile the previous largest one.
+			self.image_y_start[atlas_idx] = (0, [dim[0] / 2, dim[1] / 2]);
+		} else {
+			self.image_y_start[atlas_idx] = (y.max(sy), sd);
+		}
+
+		let p = path.strip_prefix(&self.asset_root).with_context(|| {
+			format!(
+				"path `{}` is not relative to asset root `{}`",
+				path.display(),
+				self.asset_root.display()
+			)
+		})?;
+
+		self.index.index.insert(
+			p.to_path_buf(),
 			SpriteAtlasImage {
 				atlas: atlas_idx,
 				x: x as f32 / self.texture_width as f32,

crates/packer/src/lib.rs

@@ -3,10 +3,7 @@
 //! This crate creates texture atlases from an asset tree.
 //! The main interface for this crate is ... TODO
 
-use std::{
-	collections::HashMap,
-	path::{Path, PathBuf},
-};
+use std::{collections::HashMap, path::PathBuf};
 
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
@@ -36,26 +33,16 @@ pub struct SpriteAtlasImage {
 /// A map between file paths (relative to the root asset dir)
 /// and [`AtlasTexture`]s.
 #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
-pub struct SpriteAtlasIndex {
-	pub(crate) index: HashMap<PathBuf, SpriteAtlasImage>,
+pub struct SpriteAtlas {
+	/// The images in this atlas
+	pub index: HashMap<PathBuf, SpriteAtlasImage>,
 }
 
-impl SpriteAtlasIndex {
+impl SpriteAtlas {
 	/// Make an empty [`SpriteAtlasIndex`]
 	pub fn new() -> Self {
 		Self {
 			index: HashMap::new(),
 		}
 	}
-
-	/// Make an empty [`SpriteAtlasIndex`]
-	pub fn insert(&mut self, path: PathBuf, atlasimage: SpriteAtlasImage) {
-		self.index.insert(path, atlasimage);
-	}
-
-	/// Get an [`AtlasImage`] for a file `p`.
-	/// Paths must be relative to the root of the asset directory.
-	pub fn get(&self, p: &Path) -> Option<&SpriteAtlasImage> {
-		self.index.get(p)
-	}
 }

crates/packer/src/main.rs

@@ -2,37 +2,31 @@ mod atlasset;
 
 use atlasset::AtlasSet;
 
-use anyhow::Result;
+use anyhow::{bail, Result};
 use image::io::Reader;
-use std::path::PathBuf;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use walkdir::WalkDir;
 
-// TODO: procedural sun coloring
-// TODO: transparency buffer
+// TODO: warning when images have extra transparency
 // TODO: don't re-encode. Direct to gpu?
 // (maybe not, tiling is slow. Make it work with files first.)
 // TODO: path for atlas files
-// TODO: rework texturearray
-// TODO: reasonable sprite sizes (especially ui, document rules)
-// TODO: consistent naming
 // TODO: dynamic packing (for plugins)
-// spriteatlas: the set of textures
-// texture: a single plane of many images, what we load to wgpu
-// image: a single file
-// sprite: a possibly animated texture
 
 fn main() -> Result<()> {
 	let mut files = Vec::new();
 
-	for e in WalkDir::new("./assets/render")
-		.into_iter()
-		.filter_map(|e| e.ok())
-	{
+	let asset_root = Path::new("./assets/render");
+
+	// Total number of pixels we want to add
+	let mut total_dim = 0f64;
+
+	for e in WalkDir::new(&asset_root).into_iter().filter_map(|e| e.ok()) {
 		if e.metadata().unwrap().is_file() {
 			// TODO: better warnings
 			match e.path().extension() {
 				Some(t) => {
-					if t.to_str() != Some("png") {
+					if t.to_str() != Some("png") && t.to_str() != Some("jpg") {
 						println!("[WARNING] {e:#?} is not a png file, skipping.");
 						continue;
 					}
@@ -46,7 +40,8 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {
 			let path = e.path().to_path_buf();
 			let reader = Reader::open(&path)?;
 			let dim = reader.into_dimensions()?;
-			files.push((path, [dim.0, dim.1]))
+			files.push((path, [dim.0, dim.1]));
+			total_dim += dim.0 as f64 * dim.1 as f64;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -57,10 +52,19 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {
 		b.cmp(&a)
 	});
 
+	// Make sure we have enough pixels.
+	// This check is conservative and imperfect:
+	// Our tiling algorithm usually has efficiency better than 80% (~90%, as of writing)
+	// We need room for error, though, since this check doesn't guarante success.
+	if total_dim / 0.80 >= (8192.0 * 8192.0 * 16.0) {
+		bail!("Texture atlas is too small")
+	}
+
 	// Create atlas set
-	let mut atlas_set = AtlasSet::new(8192, 8192, 16);
+	let mut atlas_set = AtlasSet::new(8192, 8192, 16, &asset_root);
 	let total = files.len();
 	let mut i = 0;
+	let mut peak_efficiency = 0f64;
 	for (path, dim) in files {
 		i += 1;
 		let atlas_idx = atlas_set.write_image(&path, dim)?;
@@ -69,6 +73,7 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {
 			100.0 * atlas_set.get_efficiency(),
 			path.display()
 		);
+		peak_efficiency = peak_efficiency.max(atlas_set.get_efficiency());
 	}
 
 	println!(
@@ -76,9 +81,11 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {
 		100.0 * atlas_set.get_efficiency()
 	);
 
+	println!("Peak efficiency: {:.02}%", 100.0 * peak_efficiency);
+
 	println!("Saving files...");
 	atlas_set.save_files(
-		|x| PathBuf::from(format!("atlas-{x:0.2}.png")),
+		|x| PathBuf::from(format!("atlas-{x:0.2}.bmp")),
 		&PathBuf::from("spriteatlas.toml"),
 	)?;
 

crates/render/shaders/object.wgsl

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+// INCLUDE: global uniform header
+
 struct InstanceInput {
 	@location(2) transform_matrix_0: vec4<f32>,
 	@location(3) transform_matrix_1: vec4<f32>,
@@ -9,27 +11,12 @@ struct InstanceInput {
 struct VertexInput {
 	@location(0) position: vec3<f32>,
 	@location(1) texture_coords: vec2<f32>,
-}
+};
 
 struct VertexOutput {
 	@builtin(position) position: vec4<f32>,
 	@location(0) texture_coords: vec2<f32>,
 	@location(1) texture_index: u32,
-}
-
-
-@group(1) @binding(0)
-var<uniform> global: GlobalUniform;
-struct GlobalUniform {
-	camera_position: vec2<f32>,
-	camera_zoom: vec2<f32>,
-	camera_zoom_limits: vec2<f32>,
-	window_size: vec2<f32>,
-	window_aspect: vec2<f32>,
-	starfield_texture: vec2<u32>,
-	starfield_tile_size: vec2<f32>,
-	starfield_size_limits: vec2<f32>,
-	current_time: vec2<f32>,
 };
 
 
@@ -56,8 +43,18 @@ fn vertex_main(
 
 	var out: VertexOutput;
 	out.position = transform * vec4<f32>(vertex.position, 1.0);
-	out.texture_coords = vertex.texture_coords;
-	out.texture_index = instance.texture_index;
+
+	let i = sprites.data[instance.texture_index].first_frame;
+	let t = atlas.data[i];
+	out.texture_index = u32(0);
+	out.texture_coords = vec2(t.xpos, t.ypos);
+	if vertex.texture_coords.x == 1.0 {
+		out.texture_coords = vec2(out.texture_coords.x + t.width, out.texture_coords.y);
+	}
+	if vertex.texture_coords.y == 1.0 {
+		out.texture_coords = vec2(out.texture_coords.x, out.texture_coords.y + t.height);
+	}
+
 	return out;
 }
 

crates/render/shaders/particle.wgsl

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+// INCLUDE: global uniform header
+
 struct InstanceInput {
 	@location(2) position: vec2<f32>,
 	@location(3) velocity: vec2<f32>,
@@ -6,8 +8,7 @@ struct InstanceInput {
 	@location(6) size: f32,
 	@location(7) created: f32,
 	@location(8) expires: f32,
-	@location(9) texture_index_len_rep: vec3<u32>,
-	@location(10) texture_aspect_fps: vec2<f32>,
+	@location(9) texture_index: u32,
 };
 
 struct VertexInput {
@@ -22,21 +23,6 @@ struct VertexOutput {
 }
 
 
-@group(1) @binding(0)
-var<uniform> global: GlobalUniform;
-struct GlobalUniform {
-	camera_position: vec2<f32>,
-	camera_zoom: vec2<f32>,
-	camera_zoom_limits: vec2<f32>,
-	window_size: vec2<f32>,
-	window_aspect: vec2<f32>,
-	starfield_texture: vec2<u32>,
-	starfield_tile_size: vec2<f32>,
-	starfield_size_limits: vec2<f32>,
-	current_time: vec2<f32>,
-};
-
-
 @group(0) @binding(0)
 var texture_array: binding_array<texture_2d<f32>>;
 @group(0) @binding(1)
@@ -57,37 +43,51 @@ fn vertex_main(
 	out.texture_coords = vertex.texture_coords;
 
 	if instance.expires < global.current_time.x {
-		out.texture_index = instance.texture_index_len_rep.x;
+		out.texture_index = u32(0);
 		out.position = vec4<f32>(2.0, 2.0, 0.0, 1.0);
 		return out;
 	}
 
 	let age = global.current_time.x - instance.created;
 
+	let len = sprites.data[instance.texture_index].frame_count;
+	let rep = sprites.data[instance.texture_index].repeatmode;
+	let fps = sprites.data[instance.texture_index].fps;
 	var frame: u32 = u32(0);
-	if instance.texture_index_len_rep.z == u32(1) {
+	if rep == u32(1) {
 		// Repeat
 		frame = u32(fmod(
-			(age / instance.texture_aspect_fps.y),
-			f32(instance.texture_index_len_rep.y)
+			(age / fps),
+			f32(len)
 		));
 	} else {
 		// Once
 		frame = u32(min(
-			(age / instance.texture_aspect_fps.y),
-			f32(instance.texture_index_len_rep.y) - 1.0
+			(age / fps),
+			f32(len) - 1.0
 		));
 	}
 
 
-	out.texture_index = instance.texture_index_len_rep.x + frame;
+	// Pick image
+	frame = frame + sprites.data[instance.texture_index].first_frame;
+	let t = atlas.data[frame];
+	out.texture_index = u32(0);
+	out.texture_coords = vec2(t.xpos, t.ypos);
+	if vertex.texture_coords.x == 1.0 {
+		out.texture_coords = vec2(out.texture_coords.x + t.width, out.texture_coords.y);
+	}
+	if vertex.texture_coords.y == 1.0 {
+		out.texture_coords = vec2(out.texture_coords.x, out.texture_coords.y + t.height);
+	}
+
 	let rotation = mat2x2(instance.rotation_0, instance.rotation_1);
 
 	var scale: f32 = instance.size / global.camera_zoom.x;
 	var pos: vec2<f32> = vec2(vertex.position.x, vertex.position.y);
 
 	pos = pos * vec2<f32>(
-		instance.texture_aspect_fps.x * scale / global.window_aspect.x,
+		sprites.data[instance.texture_index].aspect * scale / global.window_aspect.x,
 		scale
 	);
 	pos = rotation * pos;

crates/render/shaders/starfield.wgsl

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+// INCLUDE: global uniform header
+
 struct InstanceInput {
 	@location(2) position: vec3<f32>,
 	@location(3) size: f32,
@@ -12,24 +14,10 @@ struct VertexInput {
 struct VertexOutput {
 	@builtin(position) position: vec4<f32>,
 	@location(0) texture_coords: vec2<f32>,
-	@location(1) tint: vec2<f32>,
+	@location(1) texture_index: u32,
+	@location(2) tint: vec2<f32>,
 }
 
-@group(1) @binding(0)
-var<uniform> global: GlobalUniform;
-struct GlobalUniform {
-	camera_position: vec2<f32>,
-	camera_zoom: vec2<f32>,
-	camera_zoom_limits: vec2<f32>,
-	window_size: vec2<f32>,
-	window_aspect: vec2<f32>,
-	starfield_texture: vec2<u32>,
-	starfield_tile_size: vec2<f32>,
-	starfield_size_limits: vec2<f32>,
-	current_time: vec2<f32>,
-};
-
-
 @group(0) @binding(0)
 var texture_array: binding_array<texture_2d<f32>>;
 @group(0) @binding(1)
@@ -49,7 +37,6 @@ fn vertex_main(
 ) -> VertexOutput {
 
 	var out: VertexOutput;
-	out.texture_coords = vertex.texture_coords;
 	out.tint = instance.tint;
 
 	// Center of the tile the camera is currently in, in game coordinates.
@@ -120,6 +107,18 @@ fn vertex_main(
 	);
 
 	out.position = vec4<f32>(pos, 0.0, 1.0) * instance.position.z;
+
+	let i = sprites.data[global.starfield_sprite.x].first_frame;
+	let t = atlas.data[i];
+	out.texture_index = u32(0);
+	out.texture_coords = vec2(t.xpos, t.ypos);
+	if vertex.texture_coords.x == 1.0 {
+		out.texture_coords = vec2(out.texture_coords.x + t.width, out.texture_coords.y);
+	}
+	if vertex.texture_coords.y == 1.0 {
+		out.texture_coords = vec2(out.texture_coords.x, out.texture_coords.y + t.height);
+	}
+
 	return out;
 }
 
@@ -136,7 +135,7 @@ fn fragment_main(in: VertexOutput) -> @location(0) vec4<f32> {
 	let c_del = c_bot - c_top;
 
 	return textureSampleLevel(
-		texture_array[global.starfield_texture.x],
+		texture_array[in.texture_index],
 		sampler_array[0],
 		in.texture_coords,
 		0.0

crates/render/shaders/ui.wgsl

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+// INCLUDE: global uniform header
+
 struct InstanceInput {
 	@location(2) transform_matrix_0: vec4<f32>,
 	@location(3) transform_matrix_1: vec4<f32>,
@@ -19,22 +21,6 @@ struct VertexOutput {
 	@location(2) color_transform: vec4<f32>,
 }
 
-
-@group(1) @binding(0)
-var<uniform> global: GlobalUniform;
-struct GlobalUniform {
-	camera_position: vec2<f32>,
-	camera_zoom: vec2<f32>,
-	camera_zoom_limits: vec2<f32>,
-	window_size: vec2<f32>,
-	window_aspect: vec2<f32>,
-	starfield_texture: vec2<u32>,
-	starfield_tile_size: vec2<f32>,
-	starfield_size_limits: vec2<f32>,
-	current_time: vec2<f32>,
-};
-
-
 @group(0) @binding(0)
 var texture_array: binding_array<texture_2d<f32>>;
 @group(0) @binding(1)
@@ -58,9 +44,19 @@ fn vertex_main(
 
 	var out: VertexOutput;
 	out.position = transform * vec4<f32>(vertex.position, 1.0);
-	out.texture_coords = vertex.texture_coords;
-	out.texture_index = instance.texture_index;
 	out.color_transform = instance.color_transform;
+
+	let i = sprites.data[instance.texture_index].first_frame;
+	let t = atlas.data[i];
+	out.texture_index = u32(0);
+	out.texture_coords = vec2(t.xpos, t.ypos);
+	if vertex.texture_coords.x == 1.0 {
+		out.texture_coords = vec2(out.texture_coords.x + t.width, out.texture_coords.y);
+	}
+	if vertex.texture_coords.y == 1.0 {
+		out.texture_coords = vec2(out.texture_coords.x, out.texture_coords.y + t.height);
+	}
+
 	return out;
 }
 

crates/render/src/globaldata.rs

@@ -1,96 +0,0 @@
-use bytemuck;
-use std::mem;
-use wgpu;
-
-pub struct GlobalData {
-	pub buffer: wgpu::Buffer,
-	pub bind_group: wgpu::BindGroup,
-	pub bind_group_layout: wgpu::BindGroupLayout,
-	pub content: GlobalDataContent,
-}
-
-#[repr(C)]
-#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Default, bytemuck::Pod, bytemuck::Zeroable)]
-// Uniforms require uniform alignment.
-// Since the largest value in this array is a [f32; 2],
-// all smaller values must be padded.
-// also, [f32; 3] are aligned as [f32; 4]
-// (since alignments must be powers of two)
-pub struct GlobalDataContent {
-	/// Camera position, in game units
-	pub camera_position: [f32; 2],
-
-	/// Camera zoom value, in game units.
-	/// Second component is ignored.
-	pub camera_zoom: [f32; 2],
-
-	/// Camera zoom min and max.
-	pub camera_zoom_limits: [f32; 2],
-
-	/// Size ratio of window, in physical pixels
-	pub window_size: [f32; 2],
-
-	/// Aspect ratio of window
-	/// Second component is ignored.
-	pub window_aspect: [f32; 2],
-
-	/// Texture index of starfield sprites
-	/// Second component is ignored.
-	pub starfield_texture: [u32; 2],
-
-	// Size of (square) starfield tiles, in game units
-	/// Second component is ignored.
-	pub starfield_tile_size: [f32; 2],
-
-	/// Min and max starfield star size, in game units
-	pub starfield_size_limits: [f32; 2],
-
-	/// Current game time, in seconds.
-	/// Second component is ignored.
-	pub current_time: [f32; 2],
-}
-
-impl GlobalDataContent {
-	const SIZE: u64 = mem::size_of::<Self>() as wgpu::BufferAddress;
-}
-
-impl GlobalData {
-	pub fn new(device: &wgpu::Device) -> Self {
-		let buffer = device.create_buffer(&wgpu::BufferDescriptor {
-			label: None,
-			size: GlobalDataContent::SIZE,
-			usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::UNIFORM | wgpu::BufferUsages::COPY_DST,
-			mapped_at_creation: false,
-		});
-
-		let bind_group_layout = device.create_bind_group_layout(&wgpu::BindGroupLayoutDescriptor {
-			entries: &[wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry {
-				binding: 0,
-				visibility: wgpu::ShaderStages::VERTEX_FRAGMENT,
-				ty: wgpu::BindingType::Buffer {
-					ty: wgpu::BufferBindingType::Uniform,
-					has_dynamic_offset: false,
-					min_binding_size: None,
-				},
-				count: None,
-			}],
-			label: Some("globaldata bind group layout"),
-		});
-
-		let bind_group = device.create_bind_group(&wgpu::BindGroupDescriptor {
-			layout: &bind_group_layout,
-			entries: &[wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
-				binding: 0,
-				resource: buffer.as_entire_binding(),
-			}],
-			label: Some("globaldata bind group"),
-		});
-
-		return Self {
-			buffer,
-			bind_group,
-			bind_group_layout,
-			content: GlobalDataContent::default(),
-		};
-	}
-}

crates/render/src/globaluniform/atlascontent.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+use bytemuck::{Pod, Zeroable};
+use std::mem;
+use wgpu;
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Pod, Zeroable, Default)]
+pub struct ImageLocation {
+	// Image box, in texture coordinates
+	pub xpos: f32,
+	pub ypos: f32,
+	pub width: f32,
+	pub height: f32,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
+pub struct ImageLocationArray {
+	pub data: [ImageLocation; 108],
+}
+
+unsafe impl Pod for ImageLocationArray {}
+unsafe impl Zeroable for ImageLocationArray {
+	fn zeroed() -> Self {
+		Self {
+			data: [ImageLocation::zeroed(); 108],
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl Default for ImageLocationArray {
+	fn default() -> Self {
+		Self::zeroed()
+	}
+}
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Default, Pod, Zeroable)]
+pub struct AtlasContent {
+	pub data: ImageLocationArray,
+}
+
+impl AtlasContent {
+	pub const SIZE: u64 = mem::size_of::<Self>() as wgpu::BufferAddress;
+}

crates/render/src/globaluniform/datacontent.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+use bytemuck;
+use std::mem;
+use wgpu;
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Default, bytemuck::Pod, bytemuck::Zeroable)]
+// Uniforms require uniform alignment.
+// Since the largest value in this array is a [f32; 2],
+// all smaller values must be padded.
+// also, [f32; 3] are aligned as [f32; 4]
+// (since alignments must be powers of two)
+pub struct DataContent {
+	/// Camera position, in game units
+	pub camera_position: [f32; 2],
+
+	/// Camera zoom value, in game units.
+	/// Second component is ignored.
+	pub camera_zoom: [f32; 2],
+
+	/// Camera zoom min and max.
+	pub camera_zoom_limits: [f32; 2],
+
+	/// Size ratio of window, in physical pixels
+	pub window_size: [f32; 2],
+
+	/// Aspect ratio of window
+	/// Second component is ignored.
+	pub window_aspect: [f32; 2],
+
+	/// Index of starfield sprite
+	/// Second component is ignored.
+	pub starfield_sprite: [u32; 2],
+
+	// Size of (square) starfield tiles, in game units
+	/// Second component is ignored.
+	pub starfield_tile_size: [f32; 2],
+
+	/// Min and max starfield star size, in game units
+	pub starfield_size_limits: [f32; 2],
+
+	/// Current game time, in seconds.
+	/// Second component is ignored.
+	pub current_time: [f32; 2],
+}
+
+impl DataContent {
+	pub const SIZE: u64 = mem::size_of::<Self>() as wgpu::BufferAddress;
+}

crates/render/src/globaluniform/globaluniform.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+use wgpu;
+
+use super::{AtlasContent, DataContent, SpriteContent};
+
+pub struct GlobalUniform {
+	pub data_buffer: wgpu::Buffer,
+	pub atlas_buffer: wgpu::Buffer,
+	pub sprite_buffer: wgpu::Buffer,
+	pub bind_group: wgpu::BindGroup,
+	pub bind_group_layout: wgpu::BindGroupLayout,
+	pub content: DataContent,
+}
+
+impl GlobalUniform {
+	pub fn shader_header(&self, group: u32) -> String {
+		let mut out = String::new();
+
+		out.push_str(&format!("@group({group}) @binding(0)\n"));
+		out.push_str(
+			r#"
+			var<uniform> global: GlobalUniform;
+			struct GlobalUniform {
+				camera_position: vec2<f32>,
+				camera_zoom: vec2<f32>,
+				camera_zoom_limits: vec2<f32>,
+				window_size: vec2<f32>,
+				window_aspect: vec2<f32>,
+				starfield_sprite: vec2<u32>,
+				starfield_tile_size: vec2<f32>,
+				starfield_size_limits: vec2<f32>,
+				current_time: vec2<f32>,
+			};
+		"#,
+		);
+		out.push_str("\n");
+
+		out.push_str(&format!("@group({group}) @binding(1)\n"));
+		out.push_str(
+			r#"
+			var<uniform> atlas: AtlasUniform;
+			struct ImageLocation {
+				xpos: f32,
+				ypos: f32,
+				width: f32,
+				height: f32,
+			};
+			struct AtlasUniform {
+				data: array<ImageLocation, 108>,
+			};
+		"#,
+		);
+		out.push_str("\n");
+
+		// TODO: document
+		// wgpu uniforms require constant item sizes.
+		// if you get an error like the following,check!
+		// `Buffer is bound with size 3456 where the shader expects 5184 in group[1] compact index 2`
+		// More notes are in datacontent
+
+		out.push_str(&format!("@group({group}) @binding(2)\n"));
+		out.push_str(
+			r#"
+			var<uniform> sprites: SpriteUniform;
+			struct SpriteData {
+				frame_count: u32,
+				repeatmode: u32,
+				aspect: f32,
+				fps: f32,
+				first_frame: u32,
+
+				padding_a: f32,
+				padding_b: f32,
+				padding_c: f32,
+			};
+			struct SpriteUniform {
+				data: array<SpriteData, 108>,
+			};
+		"#,
+		);
+		out.push_str("\n");
+
+		return out;
+	}
+
+	pub fn new(device: &wgpu::Device) -> Self {
+		let data_buffer = device.create_buffer(&wgpu::BufferDescriptor {
+			label: Some("global uniform data buffer"),
+			size: DataContent::SIZE,
+			usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::UNIFORM | wgpu::BufferUsages::COPY_DST,
+			mapped_at_creation: false,
+		});
+
+		let atlas_buffer = device.create_buffer(&wgpu::BufferDescriptor {
+			label: Some("global uniform atlas buffer"),
+			size: AtlasContent::SIZE,
+			usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::UNIFORM | wgpu::BufferUsages::COPY_DST,
+			mapped_at_creation: false,
+		});
+
+		let sprite_buffer = device.create_buffer(&wgpu::BufferDescriptor {
+			label: Some("global uniform sprite buffer"),
+			size: SpriteContent::SIZE,
+			usage: wgpu::BufferUsages::UNIFORM | wgpu::BufferUsages::COPY_DST,
+			mapped_at_creation: false,
+		});
+
+		let bind_group_layout = device.create_bind_group_layout(&wgpu::BindGroupLayoutDescriptor {
+			entries: &[
+				wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry {
+					binding: 0,
+					visibility: wgpu::ShaderStages::VERTEX_FRAGMENT,
+					ty: wgpu::BindingType::Buffer {
+						ty: wgpu::BufferBindingType::Uniform,
+						has_dynamic_offset: false,
+						min_binding_size: None,
+					},
+					count: None,
+				},
+				wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry {
+					binding: 1,
+					visibility: wgpu::ShaderStages::VERTEX_FRAGMENT,
+					ty: wgpu::BindingType::Buffer {
+						ty: wgpu::BufferBindingType::Uniform,
+						has_dynamic_offset: false,
+						min_binding_size: None,
+					},
+					count: None,
+				},
+				wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry {
+					binding: 2,
+					visibility: wgpu::ShaderStages::VERTEX_FRAGMENT,
+					ty: wgpu::BindingType::Buffer {
+						ty: wgpu::BufferBindingType::Uniform,
+						has_dynamic_offset: false,
+						min_binding_size: None,
+					},
+					count: None,
+				},
+			],
+			label: Some("global uniform bind group layout"),
+		});
+
+		let bind_group = device.create_bind_group(&wgpu::BindGroupDescriptor {
+			layout: &bind_group_layout,
+			entries: &[
+				wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
+					binding: 0,
+					resource: data_buffer.as_entire_binding(),
+				},
+				wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
+					binding: 1,
+					resource: atlas_buffer.as_entire_binding(),
+				},
+				wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
+					binding: 2,
+					resource: sprite_buffer.as_entire_binding(),
+				},
+			],
+			label: Some("global uniform bind group"),
+		});
+
+		return Self {
+			data_buffer,
+			atlas_buffer,
+			sprite_buffer,
+			bind_group,
+			bind_group_layout,
+			content: DataContent::default(),
+		};
+	}
+}

crates/render/src/globaluniform/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+mod atlascontent;
+mod datacontent;
+mod globaluniform;
+mod spritecontent;
+
+pub use atlascontent::{AtlasContent, ImageLocation, ImageLocationArray};
+pub use datacontent::DataContent;
+pub use globaluniform::GlobalUniform;
+pub use spritecontent::{SpriteContent, SpriteData, SpriteDataArray};

crates/render/src/globaluniform/spritecontent.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+use bytemuck::{Pod, Zeroable};
+use std::mem;
+use wgpu;
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Pod, Zeroable, Default)]
+pub struct SpriteData {
+	// Animation parameters
+	pub frame_count: u32,
+	pub repeatmode: u32,
+	pub aspect: f32,
+	pub fps: f32,
+
+	// Index of first frame in ImageLocationArray
+	pub first_frame: u32,
+	// stride must be a multiple of 16
+	pub _padding: [f32; 3],
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
+pub struct SpriteDataArray {
+	pub data: [SpriteData; 108],
+}
+
+unsafe impl Pod for SpriteDataArray {}
+unsafe impl Zeroable for SpriteDataArray {
+	fn zeroed() -> Self {
+		Self {
+			data: [SpriteData::zeroed(); 108],
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+impl Default for SpriteDataArray {
+	fn default() -> Self {
+		Self::zeroed()
+	}
+}
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Default, Pod, Zeroable)]
+pub struct SpriteContent {
+	pub data: SpriteDataArray,
+}
+
+impl SpriteContent {
+	pub const SIZE: u64 = mem::size_of::<Self>() as wgpu::BufferAddress;
+}

crates/render/src/gpustate.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use winit::{self, dpi::LogicalSize, window::Window};
 
 use crate::{
 	content,
-	globaldata::{GlobalData, GlobalDataContent},
+	globaluniform::{AtlasContent, DataContent, GlobalUniform, SpriteContent},
 	pipeline::PipelineBuilder,
 	sprite::ObjectSubSprite,
 	starfield::Starfield,
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ use crate::{
 		types::{ObjectInstance, ParticleInstance, StarfieldInstance, TexturedVertex, UiInstance},
 		BufferObject, VertexBuffer,
 	},
-	FrameState, ObjectSprite, UiSprite, OPENGL_TO_WGPU_MATRIX,
+	ObjectSprite, RenderState, UiSprite, OPENGL_TO_WGPU_MATRIX,
 };
 
 /// A high-level GPU wrapper. Consumes game state,
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ pub struct GPUState {
 
 	starfield: Starfield,
 	texture_array: TextureArray,
-	global_data: GlobalData,
+	global_uniform: GlobalUniform,
 	vertex_buffers: VertexBuffers,
 }
 
@@ -60,6 +60,19 @@ struct VertexBuffers {
 	particle: Rc<VertexBuffer>,
 }
 
+/// Preprocess shader files
+fn preprocess_shader(
+	shader: &str,
+	global_uniform: &GlobalUniform,
+	global_uniform_group: u32,
+) -> String {
+	// Insert common headers
+	shader.replace(
+		"// INCLUDE: global uniform header",
+		&global_uniform.shader_header(global_uniform_group),
+	)
+}
+
 impl GPUState {
 	/// Make a new GPUState that draws on `window`
 	pub async fn new(window: Window, ct: &content::Content) -> Result<Self> {
@@ -161,22 +174,26 @@ impl GPUState {
 		};
 
 		// Load uniforms
-		let global_data = GlobalData::new(&device);
+		let global_uniform = GlobalUniform::new(&device);
 		let texture_array = TextureArray::new(&device, &queue, ct)?;
 
 		// Make sure these match the indices in each shader
 		let bind_group_layouts = &[
 			&texture_array.bind_group_layout,
-			&global_data.bind_group_layout,
+			&global_uniform.bind_group_layout,
 		];
 
 		// Create render pipelines
 		let object_pipeline = PipelineBuilder::new("object", &device)
-			.set_shader(include_str!(concat!(
-				env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"),
-				"/shaders/",
-				"object.wgsl"
-			)))
+			.set_shader(&preprocess_shader(
+				&include_str!(concat!(
+					env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"),
+					"/shaders/",
+					"object.wgsl"
+				)),
+				&global_uniform,
+				1,
+			))
 			.set_format(config.format)
 			.set_triangle(true)
 			.set_vertex_buffer(&vertex_buffers.object)
@@ -184,11 +201,15 @@ impl GPUState {
 			.build();
 
 		let starfield_pipeline = PipelineBuilder::new("starfield", &device)
-			.set_shader(include_str!(concat!(
-				env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"),
-				"/shaders/",
-				"starfield.wgsl"
-			)))
+			.set_shader(&preprocess_shader(
+				&include_str!(concat!(
+					env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"),
+					"/shaders/",
+					"starfield.wgsl"
+				)),
+				&global_uniform,
+				1,
+			))
 			.set_format(config.format)
 			.set_triangle(true)
 			.set_vertex_buffer(&vertex_buffers.starfield)
@@ -196,11 +217,11 @@ impl GPUState {
 			.build();
 
 		let ui_pipeline = PipelineBuilder::new("ui", &device)
-			.set_shader(include_str!(concat!(
-				env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"),
-				"/shaders/",
-				"ui.wgsl"
-			)))
+			.set_shader(&preprocess_shader(
+				&include_str!(concat!(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"), "/shaders/", "ui.wgsl")),
+				&global_uniform,
+				1,
+			))
 			.set_format(config.format)
 			.set_triangle(true)
 			.set_vertex_buffer(&vertex_buffers.ui)
@@ -208,11 +229,15 @@ impl GPUState {
 			.build();
 
 		let particle_pipeline = PipelineBuilder::new("particle", &device)
-			.set_shader(include_str!(concat!(
-				env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"),
-				"/shaders/",
-				"particle.wgsl"
-			)))
+			.set_shader(&preprocess_shader(
+				&include_str!(concat!(
+					env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"),
+					"/shaders/",
+					"particle.wgsl"
+				)),
+				&global_uniform,
+				1,
+			))
 			.set_format(config.format)
 			.set_triangle(true)
 			.set_vertex_buffer(&vertex_buffers.particle)
@@ -239,7 +264,7 @@ impl GPUState {
 
 			starfield,
 			texture_array,
-			global_data,
+			global_uniform,
 			vertex_buffers,
 		});
 	}
@@ -267,8 +292,7 @@ impl GPUState {
 	/// Also handles child sprites.
 	fn push_object_sprite(
 		&self,
-		camera_zoom: f32,
-		camera_pos: Point2<f32>,
+		state: &RenderState,
 		instances: &mut Vec<ObjectInstance>,
 		clip_ne: Point2<f32>,
 		clip_sw: Point2<f32>,
@@ -280,10 +304,9 @@ impl GPUState {
 			(Point2 {
 				x: s.pos.x,
 				y: s.pos.y,
-			} - camera_pos.to_vec())
+			} - state.camera_pos.to_vec())
 				/ s.pos.z
 		};
-		let texture = self.texture_array.get_texture(s.texture);
 
 		// Game dimensions of this sprite post-scale.
 		// Don't divide by 2, we use this later.
@@ -291,7 +314,7 @@ impl GPUState {
 
 		// Width or height, whichever is larger.
 		// Accounts for sprite rotation.
-		let m = height * texture.aspect.max(1.0);
+		let m = height * s.sprite.aspect.max(1.0);
 
 		// Don't draw (or compute matrices for)
 		// sprites that are off the screen
@@ -304,7 +327,7 @@ impl GPUState {
 		}
 
 		// TODO: clean up
-		let scale = height / camera_zoom;
+		let scale = height / state.camera_zoom;
 
 		// Note that our mesh starts centered at (0, 0).
 		// This is essential---we do not want scale and rotation
@@ -315,7 +338,7 @@ impl GPUState {
 		//
 		// We apply the provided scale here as well as a minor optimization
 		let sprite_aspect_and_scale =
-			Matrix4::from_nonuniform_scale(texture.aspect * scale, scale, 1.0);
+			Matrix4::from_nonuniform_scale(s.sprite.aspect * scale, scale, 1.0);
 
 		// Apply rotation
 		let rotate = Matrix4::from_angle_z(s.angle);
@@ -333,8 +356,8 @@ impl GPUState {
 		// The height of the viewport is `zoom` in game units,
 		// but it's 2 in screen units! (since coordinates range from -1 to 1)
 		let translate = Matrix4::from_translation(Vector3 {
-			x: pos.x / (camera_zoom / 2.0) / self.window_aspect,
-			y: pos.y / (camera_zoom / 2.0),
+			x: pos.x / (state.camera_zoom / 2.0) / self.window_aspect,
+			y: pos.y / (state.camera_zoom / 2.0),
 			z: 0.0,
 		});
 
@@ -345,13 +368,13 @@ impl GPUState {
 
 		instances.push(ObjectInstance {
 			transform: t.into(),
-			texture_index: texture.index,
+			sprite_index: s.sprite.index,
 		});
 
 		// Add children
 		if let Some(children) = &s.children {
 			for c in children {
-				self.push_object_subsprite(camera_zoom, instances, c, pos, s.angle);
+				self.push_object_subsprite(&state, instances, c, pos, s.angle);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -360,29 +383,28 @@ impl GPUState {
 	/// Only called by `self.push_object_sprite`.
 	fn push_object_subsprite(
 		&self,
-		camera_zoom: f32,
+		state: &RenderState,
 		instances: &mut Vec<ObjectInstance>,
 		s: &ObjectSubSprite,
 		parent_pos: Point2<f32>,
 		parent_angle: Deg<f32>,
 	) {
-		let texture = self.texture_array.get_texture(s.texture);
-		let scale = s.size / (s.pos.z * camera_zoom);
+		let scale = s.size / (s.pos.z * state.camera_zoom);
 		let sprite_aspect_and_scale =
-			Matrix4::from_nonuniform_scale(texture.aspect * scale, scale, 1.0);
+			Matrix4::from_nonuniform_scale(s.sprite.aspect * scale, scale, 1.0);
 		let rotate = Matrix4::from_angle_z(s.angle);
 		let screen_aspect = Matrix4::from_nonuniform_scale(1.0 / self.window_aspect, 1.0, 1.0);
 
 		let ptranslate = Matrix4::from_translation(Vector3 {
-			x: parent_pos.x / (camera_zoom / 2.0) / self.window_aspect,
-			y: parent_pos.y / (camera_zoom / 2.0),
+			x: parent_pos.x / (state.camera_zoom / 2.0) / self.window_aspect,
+			y: parent_pos.y / (state.camera_zoom / 2.0),
 			z: 0.0,
 		});
 		let protate = Matrix4::from_angle_z(parent_angle);
 
 		let translate = Matrix4::from_translation(Vector3 {
-			x: s.pos.x / (camera_zoom / 2.0) / self.window_aspect,
-			y: s.pos.y / (camera_zoom / 2.0),
+			x: s.pos.x / (state.camera_zoom / 2.0) / self.window_aspect,
+			y: s.pos.y / (state.camera_zoom / 2.0),
 			z: 0.0,
 		});
 
@@ -395,7 +417,7 @@ impl GPUState {
 
 		instances.push(ObjectInstance {
 			transform: t.into(),
-			texture_index: texture.index,
+			sprite_index: s.sprite.index,
 		});
 	}
 
@@ -404,7 +426,6 @@ impl GPUState {
 		let logical_size: LogicalSize<f32> =
 			self.window_size.to_logical(self.window.scale_factor());
 
-		let texture = self.texture_array.get_texture(s.texture);
 		let width = s.dimensions.x;
 		let height = s.dimensions.y;
 
@@ -448,7 +469,7 @@ impl GPUState {
 
 		instances.push(UiInstance {
 			transform: (OPENGL_TO_WGPU_MATRIX * translate * screen_aspect * rotate * scale).into(),
-			texture_index: texture.index,
+			sprite_index: s.sprite.index,
 			color: s.color.unwrap_or([1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0]),
 		});
 	}
@@ -456,23 +477,16 @@ impl GPUState {
 	/// Make an instance for all the game's sprites
 	/// (Objects and UI)
 	/// This will Will panic if any X_SPRITE_INSTANCE_LIMIT is exceeded.
-	fn update_sprite_instances(&self, framestate: FrameState) -> (usize, usize) {
+	fn update_sprite_instances(&self, state: &RenderState) -> (usize, usize) {
 		let mut object_instances: Vec<ObjectInstance> = Vec::new();
 
 		// Game coordinates (relative to camera) of ne and sw corners of screen.
 		// Used to skip off-screen sprites.
-		let clip_ne = Point2::from((-self.window_aspect, 1.0)) * framestate.camera_zoom;
-		let clip_sw = Point2::from((self.window_aspect, -1.0)) * framestate.camera_zoom;
+		let clip_ne = Point2::from((-self.window_aspect, 1.0)) * state.camera_zoom;
+		let clip_sw = Point2::from((self.window_aspect, -1.0)) * state.camera_zoom;
 
-		for s in framestate.object_sprites {
-			self.push_object_sprite(
-				framestate.camera_zoom,
-				framestate.camera_pos,
-				&mut object_instances,
-				clip_ne,
-				clip_sw,
-				&s,
-			);
+		for s in &state.object_sprites {
+			self.push_object_sprite(state, &mut object_instances, clip_ne, clip_sw, &s);
 		}
 
 		// Enforce sprite limit
@@ -489,7 +503,7 @@ impl GPUState {
 
 		let mut ui_instances: Vec<UiInstance> = Vec::new();
 
-		for s in framestate.ui_sprites {
+		for s in &state.ui_sprites {
 			self.push_ui_sprite(&mut ui_instances, &s);
 		}
 
@@ -518,8 +532,29 @@ impl GPUState {
 		);
 	}
 
+	/// Initialize the rendering engine
+	pub fn init(&mut self) {
+		// Update global values
+		self.queue.write_buffer(
+			&self.global_uniform.atlas_buffer,
+			0,
+			bytemuck::cast_slice(&[AtlasContent {
+				data: self.texture_array.image_locations,
+			}]),
+		);
+		self.queue.write_buffer(
+			&self.global_uniform.sprite_buffer,
+			0,
+			bytemuck::cast_slice(&[SpriteContent {
+				data: self.texture_array.sprite_data,
+			}]),
+		);
+
+		self.update_starfield_buffer();
+	}
+
 	/// Main render function. Draws sprites on a window.
-	pub fn render(&mut self, framestate: FrameState) -> Result<(), wgpu::SurfaceError> {
+	pub fn render(&mut self, state: RenderState) -> Result<(), wgpu::SurfaceError> {
 		let output = self.surface.get_current_texture()?;
 		let view = output
 			.texture
@@ -552,32 +587,32 @@ impl GPUState {
 			timestamp_writes: None,
 		});
 
+		let s = state.content.get_starfield_handle();
 		// Update global values
 		self.queue.write_buffer(
-			&self.global_data.buffer,
+			&self.global_uniform.data_buffer,
 			0,
-			bytemuck::cast_slice(&[GlobalDataContent {
-				camera_position: framestate.camera_pos.into(),
-				camera_zoom: [framestate.camera_zoom, 0.0],
+			bytemuck::cast_slice(&[DataContent {
+				camera_position: state.camera_pos.into(),
+				camera_zoom: [state.camera_zoom, 0.0],
 				camera_zoom_limits: [galactica_constants::ZOOM_MIN, galactica_constants::ZOOM_MAX],
 				window_size: [
 					self.window_size.width as f32,
 					self.window_size.height as f32,
 				],
 				window_aspect: [self.window_aspect, 0.0],
-				starfield_texture: [self.texture_array.get_starfield_texture().index, 0],
+				starfield_sprite: [s.index, 0],
 				starfield_tile_size: [galactica_constants::STARFIELD_SIZE as f32, 0.0],
 				starfield_size_limits: [
 					galactica_constants::STARFIELD_SIZE_MIN,
 					galactica_constants::STARFIELD_SIZE_MAX,
 				],
-				current_time: [framestate.current_time, 0.0],
+				current_time: [state.current_time, 0.0],
 			}]),
 		);
 
 		// Write all new particles to GPU buffer
-		for i in framestate.new_particles.iter() {
-			let texture = self.texture_array.get_texture(i.texture);
+		for i in state.new_particles.iter() {
 			self.queue.write_buffer(
 				&self.vertex_buffers.particle.instances,
 				ParticleInstance::SIZE * self.vertex_buffers.particle_array_head,
@@ -586,10 +621,9 @@ impl GPUState {
 					velocity: i.velocity.into(),
 					rotation: Matrix2::from_angle(i.angle).into(),
 					size: i.size,
-					texture_index_len_rep: [texture.index, texture.len, texture.repeat],
-					texture_aspect_fps: [texture.aspect, texture.fps],
-					created: framestate.current_time,
-					expires: framestate.current_time + i.lifetime,
+					sprite_index: i.sprite.index,
+					created: state.current_time,
+					expires: state.current_time + i.lifetime,
 				}]),
 			);
 			self.vertex_buffers.particle_array_head += 1;
@@ -599,15 +633,15 @@ impl GPUState {
 				self.vertex_buffers.particle_array_head = 0;
 			}
 		}
-		framestate.new_particles.clear();
+		state.new_particles.clear();
 
 		// Create sprite instances
-		let (n_object, n_ui) = self.update_sprite_instances(framestate);
+		let (n_object, n_ui) = self.update_sprite_instances(&state);
 
 		// These should match the indices in each shader,
 		// and should each have a corresponding bind group layout.
 		render_pass.set_bind_group(0, &self.texture_array.bind_group, &[]);
-		render_pass.set_bind_group(1, &self.global_data.bind_group, &[]);
+		render_pass.set_bind_group(1, &self.global_uniform.bind_group, &[]);
 
 		// Starfield pipeline
 		self.vertex_buffers.starfield.set_in_pass(&mut render_pass);

crates/render/src/lib.rs

@@ -7,18 +7,18 @@
 //! and the only one external code should interact with.
 //! (Excluding data structs, like [`ObjectSprite`])
 
-mod framestate;
-mod globaldata;
+mod globaluniform;
 mod gpustate;
 mod pipeline;
+mod renderstate;
 mod sprite;
 mod starfield;
 mod texturearray;
 mod vertexbuffer;
 
-pub use framestate::FrameState;
 use galactica_content as content;
 pub use gpustate::GPUState;
+pub use renderstate::RenderState;
 pub use sprite::{AnchoredUiPosition, ObjectSprite, ObjectSubSprite, ParticleBuilder, UiSprite};
 
 use cgmath::Matrix4;

crates/render/src/renderstate.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 use cgmath::Point2;
+use galactica_content::Content;
 
 use crate::{ObjectSprite, ParticleBuilder, UiSprite};
 
 /// Bundles parameters passed to a single call to GPUState::render
-pub struct FrameState<'a> {
+pub struct RenderState<'a> {
 	/// Camera position, in world units
 	pub camera_pos: Point2<f32>,
 
@@ -23,4 +24,7 @@ pub struct FrameState<'a> {
 	// TODO: handle overflow
 	/// The current time, in seconds
 	pub current_time: f32,
+
+	/// Game content
+	pub content: &'a Content,
 }

crates/render/src/sprite.rs

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ use cgmath::{Deg, Point2, Point3, Vector2};
 
 /// Instructions to create a new particle
 pub struct ParticleBuilder {
-	/// The texture to use for this particle
-	pub texture: content::TextureHandle,
+	/// The sprite to use for this particle
+	pub sprite: content::SpriteHandle,
 
 	/// This object's center, in world coordinates.
 	pub pos: Point2<f32>,
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ pub struct ParticleBuilder {
 	/// This particle's lifetime, in seconds
 	pub lifetime: f32,
 
-	/// The size of this sprite,
+	/// The size of this particle,
 	/// given as height in world units.
 	pub size: f32,
 }
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ pub enum AnchoredUiPosition {
 /// A sprite that represents a ui element
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct UiSprite {
-	/// The texture to use for this sprite
-	pub texture: content::TextureHandle,
+	/// The sprite to draw
+	pub sprite: content::SpriteHandle,
 
 	/// This object's position, in logical (dpi-adjusted) pixels
 	pub pos: AnchoredUiPosition,
@@ -75,8 +75,8 @@ pub struct UiSprite {
 /// Ships, planets, debris, etc
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct ObjectSprite {
-	/// The texture to use for this sprite
-	pub texture: content::TextureHandle,
+	/// The sprite to draw
+	pub sprite: content::SpriteHandle,
 
 	/// This object's center, in world coordinates.
 	pub pos: Point3<f32>,
@@ -97,8 +97,8 @@ pub struct ObjectSprite {
 /// A sprite that is drawn relative to an ObjectSprite.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct ObjectSubSprite {
-	/// The sprite texture to draw
-	pub texture: content::TextureHandle,
+	/// The sprite to draw
+	pub sprite: content::SpriteHandle,
 
 	/// This object's position, in world coordinates.
 	/// This is relative to this sprite's parent.

crates/render/src/texturearray.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
-use crate::content;
+use crate::{
+	content,
+	globaluniform::{ImageLocation, ImageLocationArray, SpriteData, SpriteDataArray},
+};
 use anyhow::Result;
+use bytemuck::Zeroable;
+use galactica_packer::SpriteAtlasImage;
 use image::GenericImageView;
-use std::{collections::HashMap, fs::File, io::Read, num::NonZeroU32};
+use std::{fs::File, io::Read, num::NonZeroU32};
 use wgpu::BindGroupLayout;
 
 pub(crate) struct RawTexture {
@@ -67,57 +72,60 @@ impl RawTexture {
 	}
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct Texture {
 	pub index: u32,  // Index in texture array
 	pub len: u32,    // Number of frames
 	pub fps: f32,    // Frames per second
 	pub aspect: f32, // width / height
 	pub repeat: u32, // How to re-play this texture
+	pub location: Vec<SpriteAtlasImage>,
 }
 
 pub struct TextureArray {
 	pub bind_group: wgpu::BindGroup,
 	pub bind_group_layout: BindGroupLayout,
-	starfield_handle: content::TextureHandle,
-	textures: HashMap<content::TextureHandle, Texture>,
+	pub image_locations: ImageLocationArray,
+	pub sprite_data: SpriteDataArray,
 }
 
 impl TextureArray {
-	pub fn get_starfield_texture(&self) -> Texture {
-		*self.textures.get(&self.starfield_handle).unwrap()
-	}
-
-	pub fn get_texture(&self, handle: content::TextureHandle) -> Texture {
-		match self.textures.get(&handle) {
-			Some(x) => *x,
-			None => unreachable!("Tried to get a texture that doesn't exist"),
-		}
-	}
-
 	pub fn new(device: &wgpu::Device, queue: &wgpu::Queue, ct: &content::Content) -> Result<Self> {
 		// Load all textures
 		let mut texture_data = Vec::new();
-		let mut textures = HashMap::new();
 
-		for t in &ct.textures {
-			let index = texture_data.len() as u32;
-			for f in &t.frames {
-				let mut f = File::open(&f)?;
-				let mut bytes = Vec::new();
-				f.read_to_end(&mut bytes)?;
-				texture_data.push(RawTexture::from_bytes(&device, &queue, &bytes, &t.name)?);
+		println!("opening image");
+		let mut f = File::open("atlas-0.bmp")?;
+		let mut bytes = Vec::new();
+		f.read_to_end(&mut bytes)?;
+		texture_data.push(RawTexture::from_bytes(&device, &queue, &bytes, "Atlas")?);
+
+		let mut image_locations = ImageLocationArray::zeroed();
+		let mut sprite_data = SpriteDataArray::zeroed();
+
+		println!("sending to gpu");
+		let mut image_counter = 0;
+		for t in &ct.sprites {
+			sprite_data.data[image_counter as usize] = SpriteData {
+				frame_count: t.frames.len() as u32,
+				repeatmode: t.repeat.as_int(),
+				aspect: t.aspect,
+				fps: t.fps,
+				first_frame: image_counter,
+				_padding: Default::default(),
+			};
+
+			// Insert texture location data
+			for path in &t.frames {
+				let image = ct.get_image(&path);
+				image_locations.data[image_counter as usize] = ImageLocation {
+					xpos: image.x,
+					ypos: image.y,
+					width: image.w,
+					height: image.h,
+				};
+				image_counter += 1;
 			}
-			textures.insert(
-				t.handle,
-				Texture {
-					index,
-					aspect: t.handle.aspect,
-					fps: t.fps,
-					len: t.frames.len() as u32,
-					repeat: t.repeat.as_int(),
-				},
-			);
 		}
 
 		let sampler = device.create_sampler(&wgpu::SamplerDescriptor {
@@ -136,7 +144,7 @@ impl TextureArray {
 				// Texture data
 				wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry {
 					binding: 0,
-					visibility: wgpu::ShaderStages::FRAGMENT,
+					visibility: wgpu::ShaderStages::VERTEX_FRAGMENT,
 					ty: wgpu::BindingType::Texture {
 						multisampled: false,
 						view_dimension: wgpu::TextureViewDimension::D2,
@@ -147,7 +155,7 @@ impl TextureArray {
 				// Texture sampler
 				wgpu::BindGroupLayoutEntry {
 					binding: 1,
-					visibility: wgpu::ShaderStages::FRAGMENT,
+					visibility: wgpu::ShaderStages::VERTEX_FRAGMENT,
 					ty: wgpu::BindingType::Sampler(wgpu::SamplerBindingType::Filtering),
 					count: NonZeroU32::new(1),
 				},
@@ -161,7 +169,6 @@ impl TextureArray {
 			entries: &[
 				wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
 					binding: 0,
-					// Array of all views
 					resource: wgpu::BindingResource::TextureViewArray(&views),
 				},
 				wgpu::BindGroupEntry {
@@ -174,8 +181,8 @@ impl TextureArray {
 		return Ok(Self {
 			bind_group,
 			bind_group_layout,
-			textures: textures,
-			starfield_handle: ct.get_starfield_handle(),
+			image_locations,
+			sprite_data,
 		});
 	}
 }

crates/render/src/vertexbuffer/types.rs

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ pub struct ObjectInstance {
 	pub transform: [[f32; 4]; 4],
 
 	/// What texture to use for this sprite
-	pub texture_index: u32,
+	pub sprite_index: u32,
 }
 
 impl BufferObject for ObjectInstance {
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ impl BufferObject for ObjectInstance {
 					shader_location: 5,
 					format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Float32x4,
 				},
-				// Texture
+				// Sprite
 				wgpu::VertexAttribute {
 					offset: mem::size_of::<[f32; 16]>() as wgpu::BufferAddress,
 					shader_location: 6,
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ pub struct UiInstance {
 	pub color: [f32; 4],
 
 	/// What texture to use for this sprite
-	pub texture_index: u32,
+	pub sprite_index: u32,
 }
 
 impl BufferObject for UiInstance {
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ impl BufferObject for UiInstance {
 					shader_location: 6,
 					format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Float32x4,
 				},
-				// Texture
+				// Sprite
 				wgpu::VertexAttribute {
 					offset: mem::size_of::<[f32; 20]>() as wgpu::BufferAddress,
 					shader_location: 7,
@@ -219,9 +219,8 @@ pub struct ParticleInstance {
 	/// Time is kept by a variable in the global uniform.
 	pub expires: f32,
 
-	/// What texture to use for this particle
-	pub texture_index_len_rep: [u32; 3],
-	pub texture_aspect_fps: [f32; 2],
+	/// What sprite to use for this particle
+	pub sprite_index: u32,
 }
 
 impl BufferObject for ParticleInstance {
@@ -271,17 +270,11 @@ impl BufferObject for ParticleInstance {
 					shader_location: 8,
 					format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Float32,
 				},
-				// Texture index / len / repeat
+				// Sprite
 				wgpu::VertexAttribute {
 					offset: mem::size_of::<[f32; 11]>() as wgpu::BufferAddress,
 					shader_location: 9,
-					format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Uint32x3,
-				},
-				// Texture aspect / fps
-				wgpu::VertexAttribute {
-					offset: mem::size_of::<[f32; 14]>() as wgpu::BufferAddress,
-					shader_location: 10,
-					format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Float32x2,
+					format: wgpu::VertexFormat::Uint32,
 				},
 			],
 		}

crates/ui/src/radar.rs

@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ pub fn build_radar(
 
 	let (_, player_body) = physics.get_ship_body(player).unwrap();
 	let player_position = util::rigidbody_position(player_body);
-	let planet_texture = ct.get_texture_handle("ui::planetblip");
-	let ship_texture = ct.get_texture_handle("ui::shipblip");
-	let arrow_texture = ct.get_texture_handle("ui::centerarrow");
+	let planet_sprite = ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::planetblip");
+	let ship_sprite = ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::shipblip");
+	let arrow_sprite = ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::centerarrow");
 
 	out.push(UiSprite {
-		texture: ct.get_texture_handle("ui::radar"),
+		sprite: ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::radar"),
 		pos: AnchoredUiPosition::NwNw(Point2 { x: 10.0, y: -10.0 }),
 		dimensions: Point2 {
 			x: radar_size,
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ pub fn build_radar(
 				continue;
 			}
 			out.push(UiSprite {
-				texture: planet_texture,
+				sprite: planet_sprite,
 				pos: AnchoredUiPosition::NwC(
 					Point2 {
 						x: radar_size / 2.0 + 10.0,
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ pub fn build_radar(
 					} + (d * (radar_size / 2.0)),
 				),
 				dimensions: Point2 {
-					x: planet_texture.aspect,
+					x: planet_sprite.aspect,
 					y: 1.0,
 				} * size,
 				angle: o.angle,
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ pub fn build_radar(
 	// Draw ships
 	for (s, r) in physics.iter_ship_body() {
 		let ship = ct.get_ship(s.ship.handle);
-		let size = (ship.size * ship.sprite_texture.aspect) * ship_scale;
+		let size = (ship.size * ship.sprite.aspect) * ship_scale;
 		let p = util::rigidbody_position(r);
 		let d = (p - player_position) / radar_range;
 		let m = d.magnitude() + (size / (2.0 * radar_size));
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ pub fn build_radar(
 			let f = ct.get_faction(s.ship.faction).color;
 			let f = [f[0], f[1], f[2], 1.0];
 			out.push(UiSprite {
-				texture: ship_texture,
+				sprite: ship_sprite,
 				pos: AnchoredUiPosition::NwC(
 					Point2 {
 						x: radar_size / 2.0 + 10.0,
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ pub fn build_radar(
 					} + (d * (radar_size / 2.0)),
 				),
 				dimensions: Point2 {
-					x: ship_texture.aspect,
+					x: ship_sprite.aspect,
 					y: 1.0,
 				} * size,
 				angle: -angle,
@@ -118,13 +118,13 @@ pub fn build_radar(
 	let d = d * (radar_size / 2.0);
 	let color = Some([0.3, 0.3, 0.3, 1.0]);
 	if m < 0.8 {
-		let texture = ct.get_texture_handle("ui::radarframe");
+		let sprite = ct.get_sprite_handle("ui::radarframe");
 		let dimensions = Point2 {
-			x: texture.aspect,
+			x: sprite.aspect,
 			y: 1.0,
 		} * 7.0f32.min((0.8 - m) * 70.0);
 		out.push(UiSprite {
-			texture,
+			sprite,
 			pos: AnchoredUiPosition::NwNw(Point2 {
 				x: (radar_size / 2.0 + 10.0) - d.x,
 				y: (radar_size / -2.0 - 10.0) + d.y,
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ pub fn build_radar(
 		});
 
 		out.push(UiSprite {
-			texture,
+			sprite,
 			pos: AnchoredUiPosition::NwSw(Point2 {
 				x: (radar_size / 2.0 + 10.0) - d.x,
 				y: (radar_size / -2.0 - 10.0) - d.y,
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ pub fn build_radar(
 		});
 
 		out.push(UiSprite {
-			texture,
+			sprite,
 			pos: AnchoredUiPosition::NwSe(Point2 {
 				x: (radar_size / 2.0 + 10.0) + d.x,
 				y: (radar_size / -2.0 - 10.0) - d.y,
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ pub fn build_radar(
 		});
 
 		out.push(UiSprite {
-			texture,
+			sprite,
 			pos: AnchoredUiPosition::NwNe(Point2 {
 				x: (radar_size / 2.0 + 10.0) + d.x,
 				y: (radar_size / -2.0 - 10.0) + d.y,
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ pub fn build_radar(
 	if m > 200.0 {
 		let player_angle: Deg<f32> = q.angle(Vector2 { x: 0.0, y: 1.0 }).into();
 		out.push(UiSprite {
-			texture: arrow_texture,
+			sprite: arrow_sprite,
 			pos: AnchoredUiPosition::NwC(
 				Point2 {
 					x: radar_size / 2.0 + 10.0,
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ pub fn build_radar(
 				} + ((q.normalize() * 0.865) * (radar_size / 2.0)),
 			),
 			dimensions: Point2 {
-				x: arrow_texture.aspect,
+				x: arrow_sprite.aspect,
 				y: 1.0,
 			} * 10.0,
 			angle: -player_angle,

crates/world/src/objects/projectile.rs

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ impl ProjectileWorldObject {
 		let ang: Deg<f32> = rot.angle(Vector2 { x: 1.0, y: 0.0 }).into();
 
 		ObjectSprite {
-			texture: self.projectile.content.sprite_texture,
+			sprite: self.projectile.content.sprite,
 			pos: Point3 {
 				x: pos.x,
 				y: pos.y,

crates/world/src/objects/ship.rs

@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ impl ShipWorldObject {
 
 		ObjectSprite {
 			pos: (ship_pos.x, ship_pos.y, 1.0).into(),
-			texture: s.sprite_texture,
+			sprite: s.sprite,
 			angle: -ship_ang,
 			size: s.size,
 

crates/world/src/world.rs

@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ impl<'a> World {
 						}
 					};
 					particles.push(ParticleBuilder {
-						texture: x.texture,
+						sprite: x.sprite,
 						pos: Point2 { x: pos.x, y: pos.y },
 						velocity,
 						angle: -angle,
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ impl<'a> World {
 						content::ImpactInheritVelocity::Projectile => util::rigidbody_velocity(&pr),
 					};
 					particles.push(ParticleBuilder {
-						texture: x.texture,
+						sprite: x.sprite,
 						pos: Point2 { x: pos.x, y: pos.y },
 						velocity,
 						angle: -angle,