From 48ac93c78e0e96b9d1db9e607689571cf9704747 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: rm-dr <96270320+rm-dr@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 10 Mar 2026 20:24:56 -0700
Subject: [PATCH] Add `ListExtractor`

---
 crates/pile-dataset/src/dataset.rs            |   2 +-
 .../src/extract/epub/epub_meta.rs             |   4 +-
 .../src/extract/epub/epub_text.rs             |   4 +-
 crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/epub/mod.rs   |  10 +-
 crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/exif.rs       |   4 +-
 crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/flac.rs       | 119 ++++++++++++++----
 crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/fs.rs         |   4 +-
 crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/id3.rs        |   4 +-
 crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/map.rs        |   4 +-
 crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/mod.rs        |  45 ++++---
 crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/mod.rs    |  26 ++--
 .../pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_cover.rs |   4 +-
 .../pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_meta.rs  |  17 ++-
 .../pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_pages.rs | 119 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_text.rs  |   5 +-
 crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/sidecar.rs    |   4 +-
 crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/toml.rs       |   4 +-
 crates/pile-dataset/src/index/index_fts.rs    |  41 ++++--
 crates/pile-dataset/src/serve/field.rs        |   2 +-
 crates/pile-dataset/src/value.rs              |  53 +++++++-
 crates/pile/src/command/annotate.rs           |   2 +-
 crates/pile/src/command/probe.rs              |   2 +-
 22 files changed, 386 insertions(+), 93 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_pages.rs

diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/dataset.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/dataset.rs
index 322a84e..d8696f2 100644
--- a/crates/pile-dataset/src/dataset.rs
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/dataset.rs
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ impl Datasets {
 			return Ok(None);
 		};
 		let extractor = MetaExtractor::new(&item);
-		let root = PileValue::Extractor(Arc::new(extractor));
+		let root = PileValue::ObjectExtractor(Arc::new(extractor));
 		let Some(value) = root.query(path).await? else {
 			return Ok(None);
 		};
diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/epub/epub_meta.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/epub/epub_meta.rs
index d6edfa6..4488406 100644
--- a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/epub/epub_meta.rs
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/epub/epub_meta.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use pile_config::Label;
 use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::OnceLock};
 use tracing::trace;
 
-use crate::{Item, PileValue, SyncReadBridge, extract::Extractor};
+use crate::{Item, PileValue, SyncReadBridge, extract::ObjectExtractor};
 
 pub struct EpubMetaExtractor<'a> {
 	item: &'a Item,
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ impl<'a> EpubMetaExtractor<'a> {
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl Extractor for EpubMetaExtractor<'_> {
+impl ObjectExtractor for EpubMetaExtractor<'_> {
 	async fn field<'a>(
 		&'a self,
 		name: &Label,
diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/epub/epub_text.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/epub/epub_text.rs
index 24dbf1a..7997b90 100644
--- a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/epub/epub_text.rs
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/epub/epub_text.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use pile_config::Label;
 use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::OnceLock};
 use tracing::debug;
 
-use crate::{Item, PileValue, SyncReadBridge, extract::Extractor};
+use crate::{Item, PileValue, SyncReadBridge, extract::ObjectExtractor};
 
 pub struct EpubTextExtractor<'a> {
 	item: &'a Item,
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ fn strip_html(html: &str) -> String {
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl Extractor for EpubTextExtractor<'_> {
+impl ObjectExtractor for EpubTextExtractor<'_> {
 	async fn field<'a>(
 		&'a self,
 		name: &Label,
diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/epub/mod.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/epub/mod.rs
index b4d6e90..599f93e 100644
--- a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/epub/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/epub/mod.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ pub use epub_text::*;
 
 use crate::{
 	Item, PileValue,
-	extract::{Extractor, MapExtractor},
+	extract::{MapExtractor, ObjectExtractor},
 };
 
 pub struct EpubExtractor<'a> {
@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ impl<'a> EpubExtractor<'a> {
 			inner: HashMap::from([
 				(
 					Label::new("text").unwrap(),
-					PileValue::Extractor(Arc::new(EpubTextExtractor::new(item))),
+					PileValue::ObjectExtractor(Arc::new(EpubTextExtractor::new(item))),
 				),
 				(
 					Label::new("meta").unwrap(),
-					PileValue::Extractor(Arc::new(EpubMetaExtractor::new(item))),
+					PileValue::ObjectExtractor(Arc::new(EpubMetaExtractor::new(item))),
 				),
 			]),
 		};
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ impl<'a> EpubExtractor<'a> {
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl Extractor for EpubExtractor<'_> {
+impl ObjectExtractor for EpubExtractor<'_> {
 	async fn field<'a>(
 		&'a self,
 		name: &pile_config::Label,
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ impl Extractor for EpubExtractor<'_> {
 		#[expect(clippy::unwrap_used)]
 		if name.as_str() == "text" {
 			match self.inner.inner.get(name).unwrap() {
-				PileValue::Extractor(x) => return x.field(name).await,
+				PileValue::ObjectExtractor(x) => return x.field(name).await,
 				_ => unreachable!(),
 			};
 		}
diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/exif.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/exif.rs
index d2166f2..2e14468 100644
--- a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/exif.rs
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/exif.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use pile_config::Label;
 use std::{collections::HashMap, io::BufReader, sync::OnceLock};
 use tracing::debug;
 
-use crate::{Item, PileValue, SyncReadBridge, extract::Extractor};
+use crate::{Item, PileValue, SyncReadBridge, extract::ObjectExtractor};
 
 pub struct ExifExtractor<'a> {
 	item: &'a Item,
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ fn tag_to_label(tag: &str) -> Option<Label> {
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl Extractor for ExifExtractor<'_> {
+impl ObjectExtractor for ExifExtractor<'_> {
 	async fn field<'a>(
 		&'a self,
 		name: &Label,
diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/flac.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/flac.rs
index cfdd853..c961a69 100644
--- a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/flac.rs
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/flac.rs
@@ -7,14 +7,17 @@ use std::{
 	sync::{Arc, OnceLock},
 };
 
-use crate::{Item, PileValue, SyncReadBridge, extract::Extractor};
+use crate::{
+	Item, PileValue, SyncReadBridge,
+	extract::{ListExtractor, ObjectExtractor},
+};
 
-pub struct FlacExtractor<'a> {
+pub struct FlacImagesExtractor<'a> {
 	item: &'a Item,
-	output: OnceLock<HashMap<Label, PileValue<'a>>>,
+	output: OnceLock<Vec<PileValue<'a>>>,
 }
 
-impl<'a> FlacExtractor<'a> {
+impl<'a> FlacImagesExtractor<'a> {
 	pub fn new(item: &'a Item) -> Self {
 		Self {
 			item,
@@ -22,6 +25,77 @@ impl<'a> FlacExtractor<'a> {
 		}
 	}
 
+	async fn get_inner(&self) -> Result<&Vec<PileValue<'a>>, std::io::Error> {
+		if let Some(x) = self.output.get() {
+			return Ok(x);
+		}
+
+		let reader = SyncReadBridge::new_current(self.item.read().await?);
+		let raw_images = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+			let reader = FlacReader::new(BufReader::new(reader));
+			let mut images: Vec<(Mime, Vec<u8>)> = Vec::new();
+			for block in reader {
+				match block.map_err(|e| std::io::Error::new(std::io::ErrorKind::InvalidData, e))? {
+					FlacBlock::Picture(picture) => {
+						images.push((picture.mime, picture.img_data));
+					}
+					FlacBlock::AudioFrame(_) => break,
+					_ => {}
+				}
+			}
+			Ok::<_, std::io::Error>(images)
+		})
+		.await
+		.map_err(std::io::Error::other)??;
+
+		let images = raw_images
+			.into_iter()
+			.map(|(mime, data)| PileValue::Blob {
+				mime,
+				bytes: Arc::new(data),
+			})
+			.collect();
+
+		let _ = self.output.set(images);
+		#[expect(clippy::unwrap_used)]
+		return Ok(self.output.get().unwrap());
+	}
+}
+
+#[async_trait::async_trait]
+impl ListExtractor for FlacImagesExtractor<'_> {
+	async fn get<'a>(&'a self, idx: usize) -> Result<Option<&'a PileValue<'a>>, std::io::Error> {
+		Ok(self.get_inner().await?.get(idx))
+	}
+
+	async fn len(&self) -> Result<usize, std::io::Error> {
+		Ok(self.get_inner().await?.len())
+	}
+}
+
+pub struct FlacExtractor<'a> {
+	item: &'a Item,
+	output: OnceLock<HashMap<Label, PileValue<'a>>>,
+	images: Option<PileValue<'a>>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> FlacExtractor<'a> {
+	pub fn new(item: &'a Item) -> Self {
+		let is_flac = match item {
+			Item::File { path, .. } => path.to_str().unwrap_or_default().ends_with(".flac"),
+			Item::S3 { key, .. } => key.ends_with(".flac"),
+		};
+
+		let images =
+			is_flac.then(|| PileValue::ListExtractor(Arc::new(FlacImagesExtractor::new(item))));
+
+		Self {
+			item,
+			output: OnceLock::new(),
+			images,
+		}
+	}
+
 	async fn get_inner(&self) -> Result<&HashMap<Label, PileValue<'a>>, std::io::Error> {
 		if let Some(x) = self.output.get() {
 			return Ok(x);
@@ -39,10 +113,9 @@ impl<'a> FlacExtractor<'a> {
 		}
 
 		let reader = SyncReadBridge::new_current(self.item.read().await?);
-		let (raw_tags, raw_images) = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+		let raw_tags = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
 			let reader = FlacReader::new(BufReader::new(reader));
 			let mut tags: Vec<(String, String)> = Vec::new();
-			let mut images: Vec<(Mime, Vec<u8>)> = Vec::new();
 			for block in reader {
 				match block.map_err(|e| std::io::Error::new(std::io::ErrorKind::InvalidData, e))? {
 					FlacBlock::VorbisComment(comment) => {
@@ -50,14 +123,11 @@ impl<'a> FlacExtractor<'a> {
 							tags.push((k.to_string().to_lowercase(), v.into()));
 						}
 					}
-					FlacBlock::Picture(picture) => {
-						images.push((picture.mime, picture.img_data));
-					}
 					FlacBlock::AudioFrame(_) => break,
 					_ => {}
 				}
 			}
-			Ok::<_, std::io::Error>((tags, images))
+			Ok::<_, std::io::Error>(tags)
 		})
 		.await
 		.map_err(std::io::Error::other)??;
@@ -71,24 +141,11 @@ impl<'a> FlacExtractor<'a> {
 					.push(PileValue::String(v.into()));
 			}
 		}
-		let mut output: HashMap<Label, PileValue<'a>> = output
+		let output: HashMap<Label, PileValue<'a>> = output
 			.into_iter()
 			.map(|(k, v)| (k, PileValue::Array(v)))
 			.collect();
 
-		if !raw_images.is_empty()
-			&& let Some(label) = Label::new("images".to_owned())
-		{
-			let images = raw_images
-				.into_iter()
-				.map(|(mime, data)| PileValue::Blob {
-					mime,
-					bytes: Arc::new(data),
-				})
-				.collect();
-			output.insert(label, PileValue::Array(images));
-		}
-
 		let _ = self.output.set(output);
 		#[expect(clippy::unwrap_used)]
 		return Ok(self.output.get().unwrap());
@@ -96,15 +153,25 @@ impl<'a> FlacExtractor<'a> {
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl Extractor for FlacExtractor<'_> {
+impl ObjectExtractor for FlacExtractor<'_> {
 	async fn field<'a>(
 		&'a self,
 		name: &Label,
 	) -> Result<Option<&'a PileValue<'a>>, std::io::Error> {
+		if name.as_str() == "images"
+			&& let Some(ref images) = self.images
+		{
+			return Ok(Some(images));
+		}
 		Ok(self.get_inner().await?.get(name))
 	}
 
 	async fn fields(&self) -> Result<Vec<Label>, std::io::Error> {
-		Ok(self.get_inner().await?.keys().cloned().collect())
+		let mut fields = self.get_inner().await?.keys().cloned().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+		if self.images.is_some() {
+			#[expect(clippy::unwrap_used)]
+			fields.push(Label::new("images").unwrap());
+		}
+		Ok(fields)
 	}
 }
diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/fs.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/fs.rs
index 1c218e2..099dfe9 100644
--- a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/fs.rs
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/fs.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use pile_config::Label;
 use std::{collections::HashMap, path::Component, sync::OnceLock};
 
-use crate::{Item, PileValue, extract::Extractor};
+use crate::{Item, PileValue, extract::ObjectExtractor};
 
 pub struct FsExtractor<'a> {
 	item: &'a Item,
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ impl<'a> FsExtractor<'a> {
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl Extractor for FsExtractor<'_> {
+impl ObjectExtractor for FsExtractor<'_> {
 	async fn field<'a>(
 		&'a self,
 		name: &Label,
diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/id3.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/id3.rs
index 94455cc..c81f9b2 100644
--- a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/id3.rs
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/id3.rs
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use id3::Tag;
 use pile_config::Label;
 use std::{borrow::Cow, collections::HashMap, io::BufReader, sync::OnceLock};
 
-use crate::{Item, PileValue, SyncReadBridge, extract::Extractor};
+use crate::{Item, PileValue, SyncReadBridge, extract::ObjectExtractor};
 
 pub struct Id3Extractor<'a> {
 	item: &'a Item,
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ fn frame_id_to_field(id: &str) -> Cow<'static, str> {
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl Extractor for Id3Extractor<'_> {
+impl ObjectExtractor for Id3Extractor<'_> {
 	async fn field<'a>(
 		&'a self,
 		name: &Label,
diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/map.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/map.rs
index c095324..6e21ff2 100644
--- a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/map.rs
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/map.rs
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 use pile_config::Label;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 
-use crate::{PileValue, extract::Extractor};
+use crate::{PileValue, extract::ObjectExtractor};
 
 pub struct MapExtractor<'a> {
 	pub(crate) inner: HashMap<Label, PileValue<'a>>,
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl Extractor for MapExtractor<'_> {
+impl ObjectExtractor for MapExtractor<'_> {
 	async fn field<'a>(
 		&'a self,
 		name: &Label,
diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/mod.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/mod.rs
index 5304218..b0c4f9a 100644
--- a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/mod.rs
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ use crate::Item;
 /// Metadata is exposed as an immutable map of {label: value},
 /// much like a json object.
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-pub trait Extractor: Send + Sync {
+pub trait ObjectExtractor: Send + Sync {
 	/// Get the field at `name` from `item`.
 	/// - returns `None` if `name` is not a valid field
 	/// - returns `Some(Null)` if `name` is not available
@@ -50,14 +50,31 @@ pub trait Extractor: Send + Sync {
 	async fn fields(&self) -> Result<Vec<Label>, std::io::Error>;
 }
 
+/// An attachment that extracts metadata from an [Item].
+///
+/// Metadata is exposed as an immutable list of values.
+#[async_trait::async_trait]
+pub trait ListExtractor: Send + Sync {
+	/// Get the item at index `idx`.
+	/// Indices start at zero, and must be consecutive.
+	/// - returns `None` if `idx` is out of range
+	/// - returns `Some(Null)` if `None` is at `idx`
+	async fn get<'a>(
+		&'a self,
+		idx: usize,
+	) -> Result<Option<&'a crate::PileValue<'a>>, std::io::Error>;
+
+	async fn len(&self) -> Result<usize, std::io::Error>;
+
+	async fn is_empty(&self) -> Result<bool, std::io::Error> {
+		Ok(self.len().await? == 0)
+	}
+}
+
 pub struct MetaExtractor<'a> {
 	inner: MapExtractor<'a>,
 }
 
-//
-// MARK: file
-//
-
 impl<'a> MetaExtractor<'a> {
 	#[expect(clippy::unwrap_used)]
 	pub fn new(item: &'a Item) -> Self {
@@ -65,35 +82,35 @@ impl<'a> MetaExtractor<'a> {
 			inner: HashMap::from([
 				(
 					Label::new("flac").unwrap(),
-					crate::PileValue::Extractor(Arc::new(FlacExtractor::new(item))),
+					crate::PileValue::ObjectExtractor(Arc::new(FlacExtractor::new(item))),
 				),
 				(
 					Label::new("id3").unwrap(),
-					crate::PileValue::Extractor(Arc::new(Id3Extractor::new(item))),
+					crate::PileValue::ObjectExtractor(Arc::new(Id3Extractor::new(item))),
 				),
 				(
 					Label::new("fs").unwrap(),
-					crate::PileValue::Extractor(Arc::new(FsExtractor::new(item))),
+					crate::PileValue::ObjectExtractor(Arc::new(FsExtractor::new(item))),
 				),
 				(
 					Label::new("epub").unwrap(),
-					crate::PileValue::Extractor(Arc::new(EpubExtractor::new(item))),
+					crate::PileValue::ObjectExtractor(Arc::new(EpubExtractor::new(item))),
 				),
 				(
 					Label::new("exif").unwrap(),
-					crate::PileValue::Extractor(Arc::new(ExifExtractor::new(item))),
+					crate::PileValue::ObjectExtractor(Arc::new(ExifExtractor::new(item))),
 				),
 				(
 					Label::new("pdf").unwrap(),
-					crate::PileValue::Extractor(Arc::new(PdfExtractor::new(item))),
+					crate::PileValue::ObjectExtractor(Arc::new(PdfExtractor::new(item))),
 				),
 				(
 					Label::new("toml").unwrap(),
-					crate::PileValue::Extractor(Arc::new(TomlExtractor::new(item))),
+					crate::PileValue::ObjectExtractor(Arc::new(TomlExtractor::new(item))),
 				),
 				(
 					Label::new("sidecar").unwrap(),
-					crate::PileValue::Extractor(Arc::new(SidecarExtractor::new(item))),
+					crate::PileValue::ObjectExtractor(Arc::new(SidecarExtractor::new(item))),
 				),
 			]),
 		};
@@ -103,7 +120,7 @@ impl<'a> MetaExtractor<'a> {
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl Extractor for MetaExtractor<'_> {
+impl ObjectExtractor for MetaExtractor<'_> {
 	async fn field<'a>(
 		&'a self,
 		name: &pile_config::Label,
diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/mod.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/mod.rs
index ca374c1..56b2570 100644
--- a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/mod.rs
@@ -6,6 +6,11 @@ mod pdf_cover;
 #[cfg(feature = "pdfium")]
 pub use pdf_cover::*;
 
+#[cfg(feature = "pdfium")]
+mod pdf_pages;
+#[cfg(feature = "pdfium")]
+pub use pdf_pages::*;
+
 mod pdf_meta;
 pub use pdf_meta::*;
 
@@ -14,7 +19,7 @@ pub use pdf_text::*;
 
 use crate::{
 	Item, PileValue,
-	extract::{Extractor, MapExtractor},
+	extract::{MapExtractor, ObjectExtractor},
 };
 
 pub struct PdfExtractor<'a> {
@@ -27,16 +32,21 @@ impl<'a> PdfExtractor<'a> {
 		let mut inner_map = HashMap::new();
 		inner_map.insert(
 			Label::new("text").unwrap(),
-			PileValue::Extractor(Arc::new(PdfTextExtractor::new(item))),
+			PileValue::ObjectExtractor(Arc::new(PdfTextExtractor::new(item))),
 		);
 		inner_map.insert(
 			Label::new("meta").unwrap(),
-			PileValue::Extractor(Arc::new(PdfMetaExtractor::new(item))),
+			PileValue::ObjectExtractor(Arc::new(PdfMetaExtractor::new(item))),
 		);
 		#[cfg(feature = "pdfium")]
 		inner_map.insert(
 			Label::new("cover").unwrap(),
-			PileValue::Extractor(Arc::new(PdfCoverExtractor::new(item))),
+			PileValue::ObjectExtractor(Arc::new(PdfCoverExtractor::new(item))),
+		);
+		#[cfg(feature = "pdfium")]
+		inner_map.insert(
+			Label::new("pages").unwrap(),
+			PileValue::ListExtractor(Arc::new(PdfPagesExtractor::new(item))),
 		);
 
 		Self {
@@ -46,7 +56,7 @@ impl<'a> PdfExtractor<'a> {
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl Extractor for PdfExtractor<'_> {
+impl ObjectExtractor for PdfExtractor<'_> {
 	async fn field<'a>(
 		&'a self,
 		name: &pile_config::Label,
@@ -54,7 +64,7 @@ impl Extractor for PdfExtractor<'_> {
 		#[expect(clippy::unwrap_used)]
 		if name.as_str() == "text" {
 			match self.inner.inner.get(name).unwrap() {
-				PileValue::Extractor(x) => return x.field(name).await,
+				PileValue::ObjectExtractor(x) => return x.field(name).await,
 				_ => unreachable!(),
 			};
 		}
@@ -63,7 +73,7 @@ impl Extractor for PdfExtractor<'_> {
 		#[expect(clippy::unwrap_used)]
 		if name.as_str() == "cover" {
 			match self.inner.inner.get(name).unwrap() {
-				PileValue::Extractor(x) => return x.field(name).await,
+				PileValue::ObjectExtractor(x) => return x.field(name).await,
 				_ => unreachable!(),
 			};
 		}
@@ -78,6 +88,8 @@ impl Extractor for PdfExtractor<'_> {
 			Label::new("meta").unwrap(),
 			#[cfg(feature = "pdfium")]
 			Label::new("cover").unwrap(),
+			#[cfg(feature = "pdfium")]
+			Label::new("pages").unwrap(),
 		])
 	}
 }
diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_cover.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_cover.rs
index 4bf900a..2fbcdb5 100644
--- a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_cover.rs
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_cover.rs
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use std::{
 };
 use tracing::trace;
 
-use crate::{Item, PileValue, SyncReadBridge, extract::Extractor};
+use crate::{Item, PileValue, SyncReadBridge, extract::ObjectExtractor};
 
 pub struct PdfCoverExtractor<'a> {
 	item: &'a Item,
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ impl<'a> PdfCoverExtractor<'a> {
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl Extractor for PdfCoverExtractor<'_> {
+impl ObjectExtractor for PdfCoverExtractor<'_> {
 	async fn field<'a>(
 		&'a self,
 		name: &Label,
diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_meta.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_meta.rs
index d2e927a..fa65df0 100644
--- a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_meta.rs
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_meta.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ use pile_config::Label;
 use std::{collections::HashMap, io::BufReader, sync::OnceLock};
 use tracing::trace;
 
-use crate::{Item, PileValue, SyncReadBridge, extract::Extractor};
+use crate::extract::ObjectExtractor;
+use crate::{Item, PileValue, SyncReadBridge};
 
 pub struct PdfMetaExtractor<'a> {
 	item: &'a Item,
@@ -40,6 +41,8 @@ impl<'a> PdfMetaExtractor<'a> {
 				}
 			};
 
+			let page_count = file.num_pages();
+
 			let mut meta: Vec<(&'static str, Option<String>)> = Vec::new();
 
 			if let Some(info) = &file.trailer.info_dict {
@@ -64,12 +67,12 @@ impl<'a> PdfMetaExtractor<'a> {
 				meta.push(("mod_date", info.mod_date.as_ref().map(format_date)));
 			}
 
-			Ok::<_, std::io::Error>(meta)
+			Ok::<_, std::io::Error>((page_count, meta))
 		})
 		.await
 		.map_err(std::io::Error::other)?;
 
-		let raw_meta = match raw_meta {
+		let (page_count, raw_meta) = match raw_meta {
 			Ok(x) => x,
 			Err(error) => {
 				trace!(message = "Could not process pdf", ?error, key = ?self.item.key());
@@ -79,6 +82,12 @@ impl<'a> PdfMetaExtractor<'a> {
 
 		let mut output: HashMap<Label, PileValue<'a>> = HashMap::new();
 
+		#[expect(clippy::unwrap_used)]
+		output.insert(
+			Label::new("pages").unwrap(),
+			PileValue::U64(page_count as u64),
+		);
+
 		#[expect(clippy::unwrap_used)]
 		for (key, val) in raw_meta {
 			let label = Label::new(key).unwrap();
@@ -106,7 +115,7 @@ fn format_date(d: &Date) -> String {
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl Extractor for PdfMetaExtractor<'_> {
+impl ObjectExtractor for PdfMetaExtractor<'_> {
 	async fn field<'a>(
 		&'a self,
 		name: &Label,
diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_pages.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_pages.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..25c4ea9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_pages.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+use image::ImageFormat;
+use pdfium_render::prelude::*;
+use std::{
+	io::{BufReader, Cursor},
+	sync::{Arc, OnceLock},
+};
+use tracing::trace;
+
+use crate::{Item, PileValue, SyncReadBridge, extract::ListExtractor};
+
+pub struct PdfPagesExtractor<'a> {
+	item: &'a Item,
+	bytes: OnceLock<Arc<Vec<u8>>>,
+	pages: OnceLock<Vec<OnceLock<PileValue<'a>>>>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> PdfPagesExtractor<'a> {
+	pub fn new(item: &'a Item) -> Self {
+		Self {
+			item,
+			bytes: OnceLock::new(),
+			pages: OnceLock::new(),
+		}
+	}
+
+	async fn get_bytes(&self) -> Result<&Arc<Vec<u8>>, std::io::Error> {
+		if let Some(x) = self.bytes.get() {
+			return Ok(x);
+		}
+		let reader = SyncReadBridge::new_current(self.item.read().await?);
+		let bytes = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+			let mut b = Vec::new();
+			std::io::Read::read_to_end(&mut BufReader::new(reader), &mut b)?;
+			Ok::<_, std::io::Error>(b)
+		})
+		.await
+		.map_err(std::io::Error::other)??;
+		let _ = self.bytes.set(Arc::new(bytes));
+		#[expect(clippy::unwrap_used)]
+		return Ok(self.bytes.get().unwrap());
+	}
+
+	async fn init_pages(&self) -> Result<&Vec<OnceLock<PileValue<'a>>>, std::io::Error> {
+		if let Some(x) = self.pages.get() {
+			return Ok(x);
+		}
+		let bytes = Arc::clone(self.get_bytes().await?);
+		let count = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+			let pdfium = Pdfium::default();
+			let doc = pdfium
+				.load_pdf_from_byte_slice(&bytes, None)
+				.map_err(|e| std::io::Error::new(std::io::ErrorKind::InvalidData, e.to_string()))?;
+			Ok::<_, std::io::Error>(doc.pages().len() as usize)
+		})
+		.await
+		.map_err(std::io::Error::other)?;
+		let slots = match count {
+			Ok(n) => (0..n).map(|_| OnceLock::new()).collect(),
+			Err(error) => {
+				trace!(message = "Could not read pdf page count", ?error, key = ?self.item.key());
+				Vec::new()
+			}
+		};
+		return Ok(self.pages.get_or_init(|| slots));
+	}
+}
+
+#[async_trait::async_trait]
+impl ListExtractor for PdfPagesExtractor<'_> {
+	async fn get<'a>(&'a self, idx: usize) -> Result<Option<&'a PileValue<'a>>, std::io::Error> {
+		let pages = self.init_pages().await?;
+		let Some(slot) = pages.get(idx) else {
+			return Ok(None);
+		};
+		if let Some(v) = slot.get() {
+			return Ok(Some(v));
+		}
+
+		let bytes = Arc::clone(self.get_bytes().await?);
+		let png = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+			let pdfium = Pdfium::default();
+			let doc = pdfium
+				.load_pdf_from_byte_slice(&bytes, None)
+				.map_err(|e| std::io::Error::new(std::io::ErrorKind::InvalidData, e.to_string()))?;
+			let render_config = PdfRenderConfig::new().set_target_width(1024);
+			let page = doc
+				.pages()
+				.get(idx as u16)
+				.map_err(|e| std::io::Error::new(std::io::ErrorKind::InvalidData, e.to_string()))?;
+			let image = page
+				.render_with_config(&render_config)
+				.map_err(|e| std::io::Error::new(std::io::ErrorKind::InvalidData, e.to_string()))?
+				.as_image();
+			let mut png_bytes = Vec::new();
+			image
+				.write_to(&mut Cursor::new(&mut png_bytes), ImageFormat::Png)
+				.map_err(|e| std::io::Error::other(e.to_string()))?;
+			Ok::<_, std::io::Error>(png_bytes)
+		})
+		.await
+		.map_err(std::io::Error::other)?;
+
+		let value = match png {
+			Ok(bytes) => PileValue::Blob {
+				mime: mime::IMAGE_PNG,
+				bytes: Arc::new(bytes),
+			},
+			Err(error) => {
+				trace!(message = "Could not render pdf page", ?error, idx, key = ?self.item.key());
+				PileValue::Null
+			}
+		};
+		return Ok(Some(slot.get_or_init(|| value)));
+	}
+
+	async fn len(&self) -> Result<usize, std::io::Error> {
+		Ok(self.init_pages().await?.len())
+	}
+}
diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_text.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_text.rs
index 7c2f37f..fbb5f42 100644
--- a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_text.rs
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/pdf/pdf_text.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ use pile_config::Label;
 use std::{collections::HashMap, io::BufReader, sync::OnceLock};
 use tracing::trace;
 
-use crate::{Item, PileValue, SyncReadBridge, extract::Extractor};
+use crate::extract::ObjectExtractor;
+use crate::{Item, PileValue, SyncReadBridge};
 
 pub struct PdfTextExtractor<'a> {
 	item: &'a Item,
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@ impl<'a> PdfTextExtractor<'a> {
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl Extractor for PdfTextExtractor<'_> {
+impl ObjectExtractor for PdfTextExtractor<'_> {
 	async fn field<'a>(
 		&'a self,
 		name: &Label,
diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/sidecar.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/sidecar.rs
index 3553233..438ef5c 100644
--- a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/sidecar.rs
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/sidecar.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use std::sync::OnceLock;
 
 use crate::{
 	Item, PileValue,
-	extract::{Extractor, TomlExtractor},
+	extract::{ObjectExtractor, TomlExtractor},
 };
 
 pub struct SidecarExtractor<'a> {
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ impl<'a> SidecarExtractor<'a> {
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl Extractor for SidecarExtractor<'_> {
+impl ObjectExtractor for SidecarExtractor<'_> {
 	async fn field<'a>(
 		&'a self,
 		name: &Label,
diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/toml.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/toml.rs
index 6447441..8cc12fb 100644
--- a/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/toml.rs
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/extract/toml.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use pile_config::Label;
 use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::OnceLock};
 
-use crate::{AsyncReader, Item, PileValue, extract::Extractor};
+use crate::{AsyncReader, Item, PileValue, extract::ObjectExtractor};
 
 fn toml_to_pile(value: toml::Value) -> PileValue<'static> {
 	match value {
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ impl<'a> TomlExtractor<'a> {
 }
 
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
-impl Extractor for TomlExtractor<'_> {
+impl ObjectExtractor for TomlExtractor<'_> {
 	async fn field<'a>(
 		&'a self,
 		name: &Label,
diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/index/index_fts.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/index/index_fts.rs
index a5a7517..424d247 100644
--- a/crates/pile-dataset/src/index/index_fts.rs
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/index/index_fts.rs
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ impl DbFtsIndex {
 		doc.add_text(self.schema.get_field("_meta_source")?, item.source_name());
 		doc.add_text(self.schema.get_field("_meta_key")?, key);
 
-		let extractor = PileValue::Extractor(Arc::new(MetaExtractor::new(item)));
+		let extractor = PileValue::ObjectExtractor(Arc::new(MetaExtractor::new(item)));
 
 		let mut empty = true;
 		for name in self.fts_cfg().fields.keys() {
@@ -145,6 +145,8 @@ impl DbFtsIndex {
 			loop {
 				val = match val {
 					PileValue::String(x) => return Ok(Some(x.to_string())),
+					PileValue::U64(x) => return Ok(Some(x.to_string())),
+					PileValue::I64(x) => return Ok(Some(x.to_string())),
 
 					#[expect(clippy::unwrap_used)]
 					PileValue::Array(ref mut x) => {
@@ -177,7 +179,7 @@ impl DbFtsIndex {
 						continue 'outer;
 					}
 
-					PileValue::Extractor(_) => {
+					PileValue::ObjectExtractor(_) => {
 						trace!(
 							message = "Skipping field, is object",
 							field = field_name.to_string(),
@@ -186,6 +188,15 @@ impl DbFtsIndex {
 						continue 'outer;
 					}
 
+					PileValue::ListExtractor(_) => {
+						trace!(
+							message = "Skipping field, is ListExtractor",
+							field = field_name.to_string(),
+							?path,
+						);
+						continue 'outer;
+					}
+
 					PileValue::Blob { .. } => {
 						trace!(
 							message = "Skipping field, is blob",
@@ -300,8 +311,11 @@ pub fn apply<'a>(post: &FieldSpecPost, val: &PileValue<'a>) -> Option<PileValue<
 
 		FieldSpecPost::SetCase { case: Case::Lower } => match val {
 			PileValue::Null => return None,
+			PileValue::U64(_) => return None,
+			PileValue::I64(_) => return None,
 			PileValue::Blob { .. } => return None,
-			PileValue::Extractor(_) => return None,
+			PileValue::ObjectExtractor(_) => return None,
+			PileValue::ListExtractor(_) => return None,
 			PileValue::String(x) => PileValue::String(x.to_lowercase().into()),
 
 			PileValue::Array(x) => {
@@ -311,8 +325,11 @@ pub fn apply<'a>(post: &FieldSpecPost, val: &PileValue<'a>) -> Option<PileValue<
 
 		FieldSpecPost::SetCase { case: Case::Upper } => match val {
 			PileValue::Null => return None,
+			PileValue::U64(_) => return None,
+			PileValue::I64(_) => return None,
 			PileValue::Blob { .. } => return None,
-			PileValue::Extractor(_) => return None,
+			PileValue::ObjectExtractor(_) => return None,
+			PileValue::ListExtractor(_) => return None,
 			PileValue::String(x) => PileValue::String(x.to_uppercase().into()),
 
 			PileValue::Array(x) => {
@@ -322,8 +339,11 @@ pub fn apply<'a>(post: &FieldSpecPost, val: &PileValue<'a>) -> Option<PileValue<
 
 		FieldSpecPost::TrimSuffix { trim_suffix } => match val {
 			PileValue::Null => return None,
+			PileValue::U64(_) => return None,
+			PileValue::I64(_) => return None,
 			PileValue::Blob { .. } => return None,
-			PileValue::Extractor(_) => return None,
+			PileValue::ObjectExtractor(_) => return None,
+			PileValue::ListExtractor(_) => return None,
 
 			PileValue::String(x) => {
 				PileValue::String(x.strip_suffix(trim_suffix).unwrap_or(x).into())
@@ -336,8 +356,11 @@ pub fn apply<'a>(post: &FieldSpecPost, val: &PileValue<'a>) -> Option<PileValue<
 
 		FieldSpecPost::TrimPrefix { trim_prefix } => match val {
 			PileValue::Null => return None,
+			PileValue::U64(_) => return None,
+			PileValue::I64(_) => return None,
 			PileValue::Blob { .. } => return None,
-			PileValue::Extractor(_) => return None,
+			PileValue::ObjectExtractor(_) => return None,
+			PileValue::ListExtractor(_) => return None,
 
 			PileValue::String(x) => {
 				PileValue::String(x.strip_prefix(trim_prefix).unwrap_or(x).into())
@@ -350,10 +373,14 @@ pub fn apply<'a>(post: &FieldSpecPost, val: &PileValue<'a>) -> Option<PileValue<
 
 		FieldSpecPost::Join { join } => match val {
 			PileValue::Null => return None,
+			PileValue::U64(_) => return None,
+			PileValue::I64(_) => return None,
 			PileValue::Blob { .. } => return None,
-			PileValue::Extractor(_) => return None,
+			PileValue::ObjectExtractor(_) => return None,
+			PileValue::ListExtractor(_) => return None,
 
 			PileValue::String(x) => PileValue::String(x.clone()),
+
 			PileValue::Array(x) => PileValue::String(
 				x.iter()
 					.map(|x| apply(post, x))
diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/serve/field.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/serve/field.rs
index 0068bd3..2b8d4c0 100644
--- a/crates/pile-dataset/src/serve/field.rs
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/serve/field.rs
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ pub async fn get_field(
 	};
 
 	let extractor = MetaExtractor::new(&item);
-	let root: PileValue<'_> = PileValue::Extractor(Arc::new(extractor));
+	let root: PileValue<'_> = PileValue::ObjectExtractor(Arc::new(extractor));
 
 	let value = match root.query(&path).await {
 		Ok(Some(v)) => v,
diff --git a/crates/pile-dataset/src/value.rs b/crates/pile-dataset/src/value.rs
index fef3cda..e1e0eb9 100644
--- a/crates/pile-dataset/src/value.rs
+++ b/crates/pile-dataset/src/value.rs
@@ -4,11 +4,13 @@ use serde_json::{Map, Value};
 use smartstring::{LazyCompact, SmartString};
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
-use crate::extract::Extractor;
+use crate::extract::{ListExtractor, ObjectExtractor};
 
 /// An immutable, lazily-computed value similar to [serde_json::Value].
 pub enum PileValue<'a> {
 	Null,
+	U64(u64),
+	I64(i64),
 
 	/// A string
 	String(SmartString<LazyCompact>),
@@ -23,16 +25,22 @@ pub enum PileValue<'a> {
 	},
 
 	/// A lazily-computed map of {label: value}
-	Extractor(Arc<dyn Extractor + 'a>),
+	ObjectExtractor(Arc<dyn ObjectExtractor + 'a>),
+
+	/// A lazily-computed array
+	ListExtractor(Arc<dyn ListExtractor + 'a>),
 }
 
 impl Clone for PileValue<'_> {
 	fn clone(&self) -> Self {
 		match self {
 			Self::Null => Self::Null,
+			Self::U64(x) => Self::U64(*x),
+			Self::I64(x) => Self::I64(*x),
 			Self::String(x) => Self::String(x.clone()),
 			Self::Array(x) => Self::Array(x.clone()),
-			Self::Extractor(x) => Self::Extractor(x.clone()),
+			Self::ObjectExtractor(x) => Self::ObjectExtractor(x.clone()),
+			Self::ListExtractor(x) => Self::ListExtractor(x.clone()),
 			Self::Blob { mime, bytes } => Self::Blob {
 				mime: mime.clone(),
 				bytes: bytes.clone(),
@@ -52,10 +60,13 @@ impl<'a> PileValue<'a> {
 					out = match &out {
 						None => return Ok(None),
 						Some(Self::Null) => None,
+						Some(Self::U64(_)) => None,
+						Some(Self::I64(_)) => None,
 						Some(Self::Array(_)) => None,
 						Some(Self::String(_)) => None,
 						Some(Self::Blob { .. }) => None,
-						Some(Self::Extractor(e)) => e.field(field).await?,
+						Some(Self::ListExtractor(_)) => None,
+						Some(Self::ObjectExtractor(e)) => e.field(field).await?,
 					}
 				}
 
@@ -63,6 +74,8 @@ impl<'a> PileValue<'a> {
 					out = match &out {
 						None => return Ok(None),
 						Some(Self::Null) => None,
+						Some(Self::U64(_)) => None,
+						Some(Self::I64(_)) => None,
 						Some(Self::Blob { .. }) => None,
 						Some(Self::Array(v)) => {
 							let idx = if *idx >= 0 {
@@ -74,7 +87,19 @@ impl<'a> PileValue<'a> {
 							idx.and_then(|idx| v.get(idx))
 						}
 						Some(Self::String(_)) => None,
-						Some(Self::Extractor(_)) => None,
+						Some(Self::ObjectExtractor(_)) => None,
+						Some(Self::ListExtractor(e)) => {
+							let idx = if *idx >= 0 {
+								usize::try_from(*idx).ok()
+							} else {
+								usize::try_from(e.len().await? as i64 - idx).ok()
+							};
+
+							match idx {
+								Some(idx) => e.get(idx).await?,
+								None => None,
+							}
+						}
 					}
 				}
 			}
@@ -93,6 +118,8 @@ impl<'a> PileValue<'a> {
 	pub async fn to_json(&self) -> Result<Value, std::io::Error> {
 		Ok(match self {
 			Self::Null => Value::Null,
+			Self::U64(x) => Value::Number((*x).into()),
+			Self::I64(x) => Value::Number((*x).into()),
 
 			// TODO: replace with something meaningful
 			Self::Blob { mime, bytes } => {
@@ -108,7 +135,7 @@ impl<'a> PileValue<'a> {
 				Value::Array(arr)
 			}
 
-			Self::Extractor(e) => {
+			Self::ObjectExtractor(e) => {
 				let keys = e.fields().await?;
 				let mut map = Map::new();
 				for k in &keys {
@@ -120,6 +147,20 @@ impl<'a> PileValue<'a> {
 				}
 				Value::Object(map)
 			}
+
+			Self::ListExtractor(e) => {
+				let len = e.len().await?;
+				let mut list = Vec::with_capacity(len);
+				for i in 0..len {
+					#[expect(clippy::expect_used)]
+					let v = e.get(i)
+						.await?
+						.expect("value must be present according to length");
+					list.push(Box::pin(v.to_json()).await?);
+				}
+
+				Value::Array(list)
+			}
 		})
 	}
 }
diff --git a/crates/pile/src/command/annotate.rs b/crates/pile/src/command/annotate.rs
index 7f83297..c46bdbc 100644
--- a/crates/pile/src/command/annotate.rs
+++ b/crates/pile/src/command/annotate.rs
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ impl CliCmd for AnnotateCommand {
 						};
 
 						let meta = MetaExtractor::new(&item);
-						let extractor = PileValue::Extractor(Arc::new(meta));
+						let extractor = PileValue::ObjectExtractor(Arc::new(meta));
 
 						let Some(value) =
 							index.get_field(&extractor, &field).await.with_context(|| {
diff --git a/crates/pile/src/command/probe.rs b/crates/pile/src/command/probe.rs
index 656676b..dc1d565 100644
--- a/crates/pile/src/command/probe.rs
+++ b/crates/pile/src/command/probe.rs
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ impl CliCmd for ProbeCommand {
 				anyhow::anyhow!("{:?} not found in source {:?}", self.key, self.source)
 			})?;
 
-			let value = PileValue::Extractor(Arc::new(MetaExtractor::new(&item)));
+			let value = PileValue::ObjectExtractor(Arc::new(MetaExtractor::new(&item)));
 			value
 				.to_json()
 				.await