handouts/Advanced/Retrograde Analysis/main.tex

% use [nosolutions] flag to hide solutions.
% use [solutions] flag to show solutions.
\documentclass[
	solutions,
	shortwarning
]{../../resources/ormc_handout}
\usepackage{../../resources/macros}


\usepackage{chessfss}
\usepackage{chessboard}
\usepackage{anyfontsize} % Silences some chess warnings
\usepackage{afterpage}
\usepackage[hang]{footmisc}

% A row of stars, for showing difficulty
% first arg: filled stars
% second arg: total stars
\def\liststars#1#2{%
	\def\oncolor{\color{ogrape}}%
	\def\offcolor{\color{white}}%
	%
	\count255=1%
	\count254=#2%
	\advance\count254 by -1%
	\ifnum #1 > 0
		% The $$ are required around \bigstar.
		% the special \odot chess piece breaks
		% star sizing if they are ommited.
		\loop
			{\oncolor $\bigstar$}%
		\ifnum\count255 < #1
		\advance\count255 by 1
		\repeat%
	\else%
		{\oncolor $\bigstar$}%
	\fi%
	%
	\ifnum \count255 < #2%
		\loop
			{\offcolor $\bigstar$}%
		\ifnum\count255 < \count254
		\advance\count255 by 1
		\repeat%
	\fi%
}


\def\startimes#1{
	{\color{ogrape} $\bigstar \times #1$}
}

\def\starvalue#1{
	\stars{#1}{#1} \par
	\vspace{1mm}
}

\def\difficulty#1#2{
	\textbf{Difficulty:} \stars{#1}{#2} \par
	\vspace{1mm}
}

\def\difficultynote#1#2#3{
	\textbf{Difficulty:} \stars{#1}{#2} ~ #3\par
	\vspace{1mm}
}


\setchessboard{
	showmover=false,
	borderwidth=0.5mm,
	label=false,
	labelleft=true,
	labelbottom=true,
	normalboard,
	hlabelformat=\arabic{ranklabel},
	vlabelformat=\Alph{filelabel}
}

\makeatletter
\cbDefineNewPiece{white}{U}
{\raisebox{1.75mm}{\cfss@whitepiececolor
$\odot$}}
{\BlackEmptySquare%
\makebox[0pt][r]{\cfss@whitepiececolor
\raisebox{1.75mm}{\makebox[1em]{$\odot$}}}}

\long\def\manyboards#1{
	\if@solutions
		\chessboard[setpieces = {#1}]
		\hfill
		\chessboard[setpieces = {#1}]
	\else
		\vfill
		\chessboard[setpieces = {#1}]
		\hfill
		\chessboard[setpieces = {#1}]
		\vfill
		\chessboard[setpieces = {#1}]
		\hfill
		\chessboard[setpieces = {#1}]
	\fi
}

\@makeORMCbox{hintlist}
	{Available Hints}
	{black!12!white}
	{black!80!white}

\long\def\hintcontent#1#2#3{
	\if@solutions
		\liststars{#1}{#2} \par #3
	\else
		\liststars{#1}{#2}
	\fi\par
}
\makeatother



\uptitlel{Advanced 2}
\uptitler{Fall 2023}
\title{Retrograde Analysis}
\subtitle{
	Prepared by \githref{Mark} on \today{} \\
	Based on books\footnotemark{} by Raymond Smullyan
}

\begin{document}

	\maketitle

	\footnotetext[1]{
		Most of the easy problems in this handout are from \textit{The Chess Mysteries of Sherlock Holmes}.\\
		The rest are from \textit{The Chess Mysteries of the Arabian Knights}.
	}


	\section{Rules}

	This handout contains a set of problems. \par
	Each is marked with a few gold stars, which you collect by presenting a solution.

	\vspace{2mm}

	Below each problem is a list of hints, written next to their cost. \par
	To get a hint, you must pay the marked number of stars. \par
	Hints are usually provided in order, and are the same for all groups. \par

	\vspace{2mm}

	There is one exception: instructors may offer certain hints for a reduced fee,
	judging by your explanation of what you have so far.

	\begin{instructornote}
		This exception is for groups that are stuck on the last bit of a problem. \par
		If they've solved most of it, give them the information they already know
		for a steep discount (or even for free).
	\end{instructornote}



	An example problem is below.

	\vspace{4mm}

	\generic{Problem $0$:}
	\starvalue{4}

	This is a problem that's worth four points. \par
	Two hints are available. The first costs two stars (of the four available). \par
	The second costs one of the two stars available \textit{after} revealing the first hint.

	\begin{hintlist}
		Hint 1:
		\hintcontent{2}{4}{This is a hint. Only instructors see this.}

		Hint 2:
		\hintcontent{1}{2}{This is another hint.}
	\end{hintlist}

	\vfill

	You may notice that hints often cost a significant fraction of their problem's score. \par
	This is intentional---don't ask for hints unless you're very, very stuck.




	\vfill
	\pagebreak

	\input{parts/intro}


	\section{Simple problems}
	\input{parts/easy}

	\section{Slightly harder problems}
	\input{parts/medium}

	%\section{Very difficult problems}
	%\input{parts/hard}

	\chessboard \hfill \chessboard \par
	\chessboard \hfill \chessboard \par
	\chessboard \hfill \chessboard \par
\end{document}