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bcccf0334c Add slide rule warm-up
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2025-02-13 13:30:33 -08:00
3 changed files with 13 additions and 56 deletions

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@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
% use [nosolutions] flag to hide solutions.
% use [solutions] flag to show solutions.
\documentclass[
solutions
solutions,
shortwarning
]{../../../lib/tex/ormc_handout}
\usepackage{../../../lib/tex/macros}

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@ -1,14 +1,5 @@
\section{Logarithms}
\definition{}<logdef>
The \textit{logarithm} is the inverse of the exponent. That is, if $b^p = c$, then $\log_b{c} = p$. \\
In other words, $\log_b{c}$ asks the question ``what power do I need to raise $b$ to to get $c$?'' \\
\medskip
In both $b^p$ and $\log_b{c}$, the number $b$ is called the \textit{base}.
\problem{}
Evaluate the following by hand:
@ -25,61 +16,28 @@ Evaluate the following by hand:
\vfill
\end{enumerate}
\pagebreak
\definition{}
There are a few ways to write logarithms:
\begin{itemize}
\item[] $\log{x} = \log_{10}{x}$
\item[] $\lg{x} = \log_{10}{x}$
\item[] $\ln{x} = \log_e{x}$
\end{itemize}
\definition{}
The \textit{domain} of a function is the set of values it can take as inputs. \\
The \textit{range} of a function is the set of values it can produce.
\medskip
For example, the domain and range of $f(x) = x$ is $\mathbb{R}$, all real numbers. \\
The domain of $f(x) = |x|$ is $\mathbb{R}$, and its range is $\mathbb{R}^+ \cup \{0\}$, all positive real numbers and 0. \\
\medskip
Note that the domain and range of a function are not always equal.
\problem{}<expdomain>
What is the domain of $f(x) = 5^x$? \\
What is the range of $f(x) = 5^x$?
\vfill
\problem{}<logdomain>
What is the domain of $f(x) = \log{x}$? \\
What is the range of $f(x) = \log{x}$?
\vfill
\pagebreak
\problem{}<logids>
Prove the following identities: \\
Prove the following:
\begin{enumerate}[itemsep=2mm]
\item $\log_b{(b^x)} = x$
\vfill
\item $b^{\log_b{x}} = x$
\vfill
\item $\log_b{(xy)} = \log_b{(x)} + \log_b{(y)}$
\vfill
\item $\log_b{(\frac{x}{y})} = \log_b{(x)} - \log_b{(y)}$
\vfill
\item $\log_b{(x^y)} = y \log_b{(x)}$
\vfill
\end{enumerate}
\vfill
\begin{instructornote}
A good intro to the following sections is the linear slide rule:
\note{Note that these rules start at 0.}
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1]
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.6]
\linearscale{2}{1}{}
\linearscale{0}{0}{}
@ -90,10 +48,8 @@ Prove the following identities: \\
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
Take two linear rulers, offset one, and you add. \\
If you do the same with a log scale, you multiply! \\
\vspace{1ex}
Note that the slide rules above start at 0.
Take two linear rules, offset one, and you add.
Do the same with a log scale, and you multiply! \\
\linehack{}

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
\section{Introduction}
Mathematicians, physicists, and engineers needed to quickly solve complex equations even before computers were invented.
Mathematicians, physicists, and engineers needed to quickly compute products long before computers conquered the world.
\medskip